Infrared measuring apparatus and method for on-line application in manufacturing processes

• US 6,960,769 B2
• Filed: 10/03/2002
• Issued: 11/01/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 10/03/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: ABB Incorporated (ABB Limited)
• Original Assignee: ABB Incorporated (ABB Limited)
• Inventors: Domin, Thomas Michael, Maxson, Rodney Dale, Sturm, Steven Perry, Daugherty, Dennis Charles, Burk, Gary Neil
• Primary Examiner(s): Porta, David
• Assistant Examiner(s): Sung, Christine
• Application Number:
  US10/264,080
• Publication Number:
  US 20040065829A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,125 Days
• Field of Search: 250/339.07, 250/339.06, 250/338.1, 250/339.1, 250/336.1, 250/339.12, 250/353, 250/228, 356/429
• US Class Current: 250/339.07
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/8917 Paper, also ondulated
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/3563 for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/86 Investigating moving sheets G01N21/89 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/346 Paper sheets
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 26/04 by periodically varying the intensity of light, e.g. using choppers shutters, diaphragms for cameras G03B9/00; devices for eliminating or reducing the effect of flicker in projection systems G03B21/40

Abstract

A single vane shutter flag is asynchronously controlled so that a measuring system light source is interrupted for a minimum necessary amount of time for standardization/calibration and normalization of InGaAs system detectors. Source/detector hemispheres or serially connected randomly oriented fiber bundles homogenize light passing to the detectors. Light source testing is performed by measuring spectral power distributions at a plurality of light source power levels and comparing the measurements to baseline characteristics established for the light source. Calibration sample life is extended indefinitely by controlling the shutter flag to block source light except for short calibration time periods during which standard light levels are provided.

Claims

1. An apparatus for mixing and distributing light from a single sample area of a web of material for simultaneous detection of a plurality of characteristics of the web of material as the web is being manufactured, said apparatus comprising:

A detector light homogenizer receiving light from said sample area and distributing that light uniformly over an output of said detector light homogenizer; and

A light distributor receiving light from said output of said detector light homogenizer and distributing uniformly divided portions of said light to a plurality of distributed outputs so that said plurality of distributed outputs effectively see portions of the same sample area.

2. An apparatus for mixing and distributing light as claimed in claim 1 wherein said detector light homogenizer comprises a generally hemispherical cavity having a reflective interior surface and wherein said output of said detector light homogenizer comprises an optical port oriented at an angle offset from an axis of said detector light homogenizer.

3. An apparatus for mixing and distributing light as claimed in claim 2 wherein said optical port is oriented at an angle between about zero degrees and 70 degrees from said axis of said hemispherical cavity.

4. An apparatus for mixing and distributing light as claimed in claim 3 wherein said optical port is oriented at an angle between about 45 degrees and 65 degrees from said axis of said hemispherical cavity.

5. An apparatus for mixing and distributing light as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a source light homogenizer comprising a generally hemispherical cavity having a reflective interior surface for reflecting light towards said single sample area of said web of material.

6. An apparatus for mixing and distributing light as claimed in claim 5 wherein an axis of said source light homogenizer is offset from said axis of said detector light homogenizer.

7. An apparatus for mixing and distributing light as claimed in claim 2 wherein said output of said detector light homogenizer includes a plurality of optical ports oriented at an angle offset from an axis of said detector light homogenizer.

8. An apparatus for mixing and distributing light as claimed in claim 1 wherein said detector light homogenizer comprises a first section of randomly distributed optical fiber bundles connected in series to a second section of randomly distributed optical fiber bundles, said series connected first and second optical fiber bundles receiving said light at a first end and distributing said light uniformly over said output located at a second end;

wherein said first section of randomly distributed optical fiber bundles has a different randomization than said second section of randomly distributed optical fiber bundles.

9. An apparatus for collecting and distributing light as claimed in claim 1 wherein said light distributor comprises a bundle of randomly distributed optical fibers coupled to said output of said detector light homogenizer, said bundle of optical fibers being divided into a plurality of sub-bundles with each of said sub-bundles being coupled to respective ones of said distributed outputs.

10. An apparatus for collecting and distributing light as claimed in claim 9 wherein said bundle of randomly distributed optical fibers offers high transmissivity of infrared wavelengths being detected.