Multi-mode bitstream transmission protocol of encoded voice signals with embeded characteristics

• US 6,961,698 B1
• Filed: 04/21/2003
• Issued: 11/01/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 09/22/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: MACOM Technology Solutions Holdings, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Mindspeed Technologies Inc. (MACOM Technology Solutions Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Gao, Yang, Su, Huan-Yu, Shlomot, Eyal, Thyssen, Jes, Benyassine, Adil
• Primary Examiner(s): Chawan, Vijay B.
• Application Number:
  US10/420,654
• Time in Patent Office: 925 Days
• Field of Search: 704/207, 704/208, 704/214, 704/222, 704/223, 704/229, 704/200, 704/200.1, 704/221, 704/201, 704/227, 704/501, 704/219, 704/500, 714/776, 341/67, 375/326, 375/240.12, 375/299, 375/357, 370/503, 370/369
• US Class Current: 704/229
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/00 Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis in musical instruments G10H
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/167 Audio streaming, i.e. formatting and decoding of an encoded audio signal representation into a data stream for transmission or storage purposes
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/24 Variable rate codecs, e.g. for generating different qualities using a scalable representation such as hierarchical encoding or layered encoding
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/00 Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers

Abstract

A speech compression system capable of encoding a speech signal into a bitstream for subsequent decoding to generate synthesized speech is disclosed. The bitstream comprises a type component and a gain component. The type component is representative of a type classification of a frame of speech signal that is transmitted. The type component comprises a first type and second type. The gain component represents an adaptive codebook gain and a fixed codebook gain component comprises a fixed codebook gain component and an adaptive codebook gain component exclusively encoded as separate components of the bitstream as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the second type.

Claims

1. A communication system for transmitting a frame of a speech signal, the communication system comprising:

a communication medium operable to transmit the frame in the form of a bitstream at a bit rate, the bit rate comprising one of a first bit rate of 8.5 kilobits per second and a second bit rate of 4.0 kilobits per second,

the bitstream comprising;

a type component representative of a type classification of the frame, the type classification comprising a first type and a second type;

a gain component representing an adaptive codebook gain and a fixed codebook gain jointly encoded as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the first type;

the gain component comprising a fixed codebook gain component and an adaptive codebook gain component exclusively encoded as separate components of the bitstream as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the second type; and

a mode signal generation module in communication with the communication medium, the mode signal generation module operable to generate a mode signal indicative of a desired average bit rate for the bitstream.

2. The communication system of claim 1, further comprising a variable rate encoding system in operable communication with the communication medium, the encoding system operable to generate and provide the bitstream to the communication medium as a function of the bit rate and the type classification.

3. The communication system of claim 1, further comprising a variable rate decoding system in operable communication with the communication medium, the decoding system operable to decode the bitstream as a function of the bit rate and the type classification.

4. The communication system of claim 1, where the communication medium comprises an antenna.

5. The communication system of claim 1, where the communication medium comprises a storage mechanism.

6. The communication system of claim 1, where the communication medium comprises a transmission device.

7. The communication system of claim 1, further comprising a voice over Internet protocol device, the voice over Internet protocol device operable to transmit the bitstream.

8. The communication system of claim 1, where the bitstream further comprises a line spectrum frequency component representing parameters of the frame, the line spectrum frequency component represented by a plurality of bits allocated as a function of the type classification when the bit rate is the first bit rate.

9. The communication system of claim 1, where the bitstream further comprises a line spectrum frequency component representing parameters of the frame, the line spectrum frequency component represented by a plurality of bits.

10. The communication system of claim 1, where the gain component is 28 bits when the bit rate is the first bit rate and the type classification is the first type.

11. The communication system of claim 1, where the gain component is 14 bits when the bit rate is the second bit rate and the type classification is the first type.

12. The communication system of claim 1, where the adaptive codebook gain component is 6 bits and the fixed codebook gain component is 10 bits when the bit rate is the first bit rate and the type classification is the second type.

13. The communication system of claim 1, where the adaptive codebook gain component is 4 bits and the fixed codebook gain component is 8 bits when the bit rate is the second bit rate and the type classification is the second type.

14. A communication system for transmitting a frame of a speech signal, the communication system comprising:

a communication medium operable to transmit the frame in the form of a bitstream at a bit rate, the bit rate comprising one of a first bit rate and a second bit rate;

the bitstream comprising;

a type component representative of a type classification of the frame, the type classification comprising a first type and a second type;

a gain component representing an adaptive codebook gain and a fixed codebook gain jointly encoded as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the first type;

the gain component comprising a fixed codebook gain component and an adaptive codebook gain component exclusively encoded as separate components of the bitstream as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the second type; and

a half rate-signaling module in communication with the communication medium, the half rate-signaling module operable to generate a half rate signaling flag indicative of a maximum bit rate for the bitstream.

15. The communication system of claim 14, further comprising a variable rate encoding system in operable communication with the communication medium, the encoding system operable to generate and provide the bitstream to the communication medium as a function of the bit rate and the type classification.

16. The communication system of claim 14, further comprising a variable rate decoding system in operable communication with the communication medium, the decoding system operable to decode the bitstream as a function of the bit rate and the type classification.

17. The communication system of claim 14, where the communication medium comprises an antenna.

18. The communication system of claim 14, where the communication medium comprises a storage mechanism.

19. The communication system of claim 14, where the communication medium comprises a transmission device.

20. The communication system of claim 14, further comprising a voice over Internet protocol device the voice over Internet protocol device operable to transmit the bitstream.

21. The communication system of claim 14 where the first bit rate is 8.5 kilobits per second and the second bit rate is 4.0 kilobits per second.

22. The communication system of claim 14, where the bitstream further comprises a line spectrum frequency component representing parameters of the frame, the line spectrum frequency component represented by a plurality of bits allocated as a function of the type classification when the bit rate is the first bit rate.

23. The communication system of claim 14, where the bitstream further comprises a line spectrum frequency component representing parameters of the frame, the line spectrum frequency component represented by a plurality of bits.

24. The communication system of claim 14, where the gain component is 28 bits when the bit rate is the first bit rate and the type classification is the first type.

25. The communication system of claim 14, where the gain component is 14 bits when the bit rate is the second bit rate and the type classification is the first type.

26. The communication system of claim 14, where the adaptive codebook gain component Is 6 bits and the fixed codebook gain component is 10 bits when the bit rate is the first bit rate and the type classification is the second type.

27. The communication system of claim 14, where the adaptive codebook gain component is 4 bits and the fixed codebook gain component is 8 bits when the bit rate is the second bit rate and the type classification is the second type.

28. A communication system for transmitting a frame of a speech signal, the communication system comprising:

a communication medium operable to transmit the frame in the form of a bitstream at a bit rate, the bit rate comprising one of a first bit rate and a second bit rate;

the bitstream comprising;

a type component representative of a type classification of the frame the type classification comprising a first type and a second type; and

a gain component representing an adaptive codebook gain and a fixed codebook gain jointly encoded as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the first type;

the gain component comprising a fixed codebook gain component and an adaptive codebook gain component exclusively encoded as separate components of the bitstream as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the second type;

where the first bit rate is 8.5 kilobits per second and the second bit rate is 4.0 kilobits per second.

29. A communication system for transmitting a frame of a speech signal, the communication system comprising:

a communication medium operable to transmit the frame in the form of a bitstream at a bit rate, the bit rate comprising one of a first bit rate and a second bit rate;

the bitstream comprising;

a type component representative of a type classification of the frame, the type classification comprising a first type and a second type; and

a gain component representing an adaptive codebook gain and a fixed codebook gain jointly encoded as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the first type;

the gain component comprising a fixed codebook gain component and an adaptive codebook gain component exclusively encoded as separate components of the bitstream as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the second type;

where the adaptive codebook gain component is 6 bits and the fixed codebook gain component is 10 bits when the bit rate is the first bit rate and the type classification is the second type.

30. A communication system for transmitting a frame of a speech signal, the communication system comprising:

a communication medium operable to transmit the frame in the form of a bitstream at a bit rate, the bit rate comprising one of a first bit rate and a second bit rate;

the bitstream comprising;

a type component representative of a type classification of the frame, the type classification comprising a first type and a second type; and

a gain component representing an adaptive codebook gain and a fixed codebook gain jointly encoded as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the first type;

the gain component comprising a fixed codebook gain component and an adaptive

codebook gain component exclusively encoded as separate components of the bitstream as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the second type;

where the adaptive codebook gain component is 4 bits and the fixed codebook gain component is 8 bits when the bit rate is the second bit rate and the type classification is the second type.

31. A bitstream generated by a variable rate speech compression system to represent a speech signal, the bitstream comprising:

a full rate bitstream representing a first frame of the speech signal, the full rate bitstream comprising a type component indicative of a location of a plurality of bits representing the first frame;

a half rate bitstream representing a second frame of the speech signal, the half rate bitstream comprising a type component indicative of allocation of a plurality of bits representing the second frame;

a quarter rate bitstream representing a third frame of the speech signal with a predetermined number of bits that are fixedly allocated; and

an eighth rate bitstream representing a fourth frame of the speech signal with a predetermined number of bits that are fixedly allocated;

where the full rate bitstream comprises 1 bit representing a type classification with the type component and 169 bits selectively allocated as a function of the type classification to represent a line spectrum frequency component, an adaptive codebook component, a fixed codebook component and a gain component.

32. The bitstream of claim 31, where the line spectrum frequency component is representative of short-term predictor parameters for the first frame, the line spectrum frequency component is 27 bits when the type classification is a first type and 21 bits when the type classification is a second type.

33. The bitstream of claim 32, where the adaptive codebook component is representative of an adaptive codebook contribution, the adaptive codebook component is 26 bits representing the adaptive codebook Contribution for a plurality of subframes of the first frame when the type classification is a first type and 8 bits representing the adaptive codebook contribution of the first frame when the type classification is a second type.

34. The bitstream of claim 31, where the fixed codebook component is representative of the fixed codebook contribution for a plurality of subframes of the first frame, the fixed codebook component is 88 bits when the type classification is a first type and 120 bits when the type classification is a second type.

35. A bitstream generated by a variable rate speech compression system to represent a speech signal, the bitstream comprising:

a full rate bitstream representing a first frame of the speech signal, the full rate bitstream comprising a type component indicative of allocation of a plurality of bits representing the first frame;

a half rate bitstream representing a second frame of the speech signal, the half rate bitstream comprising a type component indicative of allocation of a plurality of bits representing the second frame;

a quarter rate bitstream representing a third frame of the speech signal with a predetermined number of bits that are fixedly allocated; and

an eighth rate bitstream representing a fourth frame of the speech signal with a predetermined number of bits that are fixedly allocated;

where the half rate bitstream comprises 1 bit representing a type classification with the type component, 21 bits representing a line spectrum frequency component and 58 bits selectively allocated as a function of the type classification to represent an adaptive codebook component, a fixed codebook component and a gain component.

36. The bitstream of claim 35, where the adaptive codebook component is representative of an adaptive codebook contribution, the adaptive codebook component is 14 bits representing the adaptive codebook contribution for a plurality of subframes of the second frame when the type classification is a first type and 7 bits representing the adaptive codebook contribution of the second frame when the type classification is a second type.

37. The bitstream of claim 35, where the fixed codebook component is representative of the fixed codebook contribution for a plurality of subframes of the second frame, the fixed codebook component is 30 bits when the type classification is a first type and 39 bits when the type classification is a second type.

38. A bitstream generated by a variable rate speech compression system to represent a speech signal, the bitstream comprising:

a full rate bitstream representing a first frame of the speech signal the full rate bitstream comprising a type component indicative of allocation of a plurality of bits representing the first frame;

a half rate bitstream representing a second frame of the speech signal, the half rate bitstream comprising a type component indicative of allocation of a plurality of bits representing the second frame;

a quarter rate bitstream representing a third frame of the speech signal with a predetermined number of bits that are fixedly allocated; and

an eighth rate bitstream representing a fourth frame of the speech signal with a predetermined number of bits that are fixedly allocated;

where the eighth rate bitstream comprises a line spectrum frequency component and an energy component; and

where the eighth rate bitstream is 11 bits representing the line spectrum frequency component and 5 bits representing the energy component.

39. A method of generating a bitstream to represent a speech signal, the method comprising:

generating a full rate bitstream representing a frame of the speech signal, the full rate bitstream comprising a type component indicative of allocation of a plurality of bits that form the full rate bitstream;

generating a half rate bitstream representing a frame of the speech signal the half rate bitstream comprising a type component indicative of allocation of a plurality of bits that form the half rate bitstream;

generating a quarter rate bitstream representing a frame of the speech signal with a plurality of bits of fixed predetermined allocation;

generating an eighth rate bitstream representing a frame of the speech signal with a plurality of bits of fixed predetermined allocation;

combining the bits representing the speech signal to form the bitstream; and

allocating 39 bits for the quarter rate bitstream.

40. A communication system for transmitting a frame of a speech signal, the communication system comprising:

a communication medium operable to transmit the frame in the form of a bitstream at a bit rate the bit rate comprising one of a first bit rate and a second bit rate;

the bitstream comprising;

a type component representative of a type classification of the frame, the type classification comprising a first type and a second type;

a gain component representing an adaptive codebook gain and a fixed codebook gain jointly encoded as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the first type;

the gain component comprising a fixed codebook gain component and an adaptive codebook gain component exclusively encoded as separate components of the bitstream as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the second type; and

a mode signal generation module in communication with the communication medium, the mode signal generation module operable to generate a mode signal indicative of a desired average bit rate for the bitstream;

where the adaptive codebook gain component is 6 bits and the fixed codebook gain component is 10 bits when the bit rate is the first bit rate and the type classification is the second type.

41. A communication system for transmitting a frame of a speech signal, the communication system comprising:

a communication medium operable to transmit the frame in the form of a bitstream at a bit raw the bit rate comprising one of a first bit rate and a second bit rate;

the bitstream comprising;

a type component representative of a type classification of the frame, the type classification comprising a first type and a second type;

a gain component representing an adaptive codebook gain and a fixed codebook gain jointly encoded as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the first type;

the gain component comprising a fixed codebook gain component and an adaptive codebook gain component exclusively encoded as separate components of the bitstream as a function of the bit rate when the type classification is the second type; and

a mode signal generation module in communication with the communication medium, the mode signal generation module operable to generate a mode signal indicative of a desired average bit rate for the bitstream;

where the adaptive codebook gain component is 4 bits and the fixed codebook gain component is 8 bits when the bit rate is the second bit rate and the type classification is the second type.