Micromirror elements, package for the micromirror elements, and projection system therefor
First Claim
1. A method for spatially modulating a light beam, comprising directing a light beam from a light source to light collection optics via an array of micromirrors disposed to spatially modulate the light beam from the light source, the array formed on a substrate and each micromirror being in a first position when not modulated, modulating micromirrors in the array so that each micromirror moves to an on position that directs light to the light collection optics for the array, and moves to an off position for directing light away from the light collection optics, both said on and off positions being different from said first position, and wherein the on position is at a magnitude of an angle relative to the first position different from the magnitude of an angle when in the off position.
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Accused Products
Abstract
In order to minimize light diffraction along the direction of switching and more particularly light diffraction into the acceptance cone of the collection optics, in the present invention, micromirrors are provided which are not rectangular. Also, in order to minimize the cost of the illumination optics and the size of the display unit of the present invention, the light source is placed orthogonal to the rows (or columns) of the array, and/or the light source is placed orthogonal to a side of the frame defining the active area of the array. The incident light beam, though orthogonal to the sides of the active area, is not however, orthogonal to any substantial portion of sides of the individual micromirrors in the array. Orthogonal sides cause incident light to diffract along the direction of micromirror switching, and result in light ‘leakage’ into the ‘on’ state even if the micromirror is in the ‘off’ state. This light diffraction decreases the contrast ratio of the micromirror. The micromirrors of the present invention result in an improved contrast ratio, and the arrangement of the light source to micromirror array in the present invention results in a more compact system. Another feature of the invention is the ability of the micromirrors to pivot in opposite direction to on and off positions (the on position directing light to collection optics), where the movement to the on position is greater than movement to the off position. A further feature of the invention is a package for the micromirror array, the package having a window that is not parallel to the substrate upon which the micromirrors are formed. One example of the invention includes all the above features.
178 Citations
142 Claims
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1. A method for spatially modulating a light beam, comprising directing a light beam from a light source to light collection optics via an array of micromirrors disposed to spatially modulate the light beam from the light source, the array formed on a substrate and each micromirror being in a first position when not modulated, modulating micromirrors in the array so that each micromirror moves to an on position that directs light to the light collection optics for the array, and moves to an off position for directing light away from the light collection optics, both said on and off positions being different from said first position, and wherein the on position is at a magnitude of an angle relative to the first position different from the magnitude of an angle when in the off position.
- 2. An optical micromechanical element formed on a substrate having an on position at a first magnitude of an angle relative to the substrate, having an off position at a second magnitude of an angle to the substrate, the first and second magnitudes being different, and having a third position substantially parallel to the substrate, both the on and off positions being defined by abutment of the optical micromechanical element against the substrate or against structure formed on said substrate.
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13. A method for modulating light, comprising:
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reflecting light from an array of deflectable micromirrors disposed on a planar substrate;
said micromirrors tilted to either a first position or to a second position;
wherein the angle formed between said first position and the substrate, and the angle formed between said second position and the substrate, are substantially different.
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14. A method for modulating light, comprising:
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a light source, a planar light modulator array comprising a deflectable elements and collection optics, wherein the elements in the array are selectively configured in at least two states, wherein the first state elements direct the light from the light source through a first angle into the collection optics, and in the second state elements direct the light from the light source through a second angle;
a third angle representing light that is reflected from the array as if it were a micromirrored surface, wherein the difference between the first and third and second and third angles are substantially different.
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15. A projection system, comprising:
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a light source for providing a light beam;
a micromirror array comprising a plurality of micromirrors provided in a path of the light beam; and
collection optics disposed in a path of the light beam after the light beam is incident on the micromirror array and reflects off of the plurality of micromirrors as a pattern of on and off micromirrors in the array;
wherein the micromirror array comprises a substrate, the array of micromirrors being held on the substrate where each micromirror is capable of moving to an on position and an off position from a non-deflected position, wherein the on position is at a different angle than the off position relative to the non-deflected position. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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27. A method for projecting an image onto a target, comprising:
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directing a light beam from a light source onto a micromirror array;
modulating the micromirrors each to an on or off position, wherein in the on position, micromirrors direct light to collection optics disposed for receiving light from micromirrors in their on position, wherein the pattern of on and off micromirrors forms an image; and
wherein the position of the micromirrors in their on position is at a different magnitude of an angle compared to the magnitude of the angle of the micromirrors in their off position.
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- 28. A method for spatially modulating a light beam, comprising directing a beam of light onto an array of micromirrors, the micromirrors capable of movement to a first or second position, wherein in the first position the micromirrors direct a portion of the beam of light incident thereon into a collection optic, and wherein the minimum distance between adjacent micromirrors when each in the second position is less than the minimum distance between the adjacent micromirrors when each is in the first position.
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31. A device comprising:
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a substrate on which is formed a movable reflective or diffractive micromechanical device;
a package for holding the substrate with the movable micromechanical device;
wherein the package comprises an optically transmissive window that is non-parallel to the substrate. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55)
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56. A projection system, comprising:
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a light source;
light collection optics;
a substrate on which is formed a movable reflective or diffractive micromechanical device;
a package for holding the substrate with the movable micromechanical device;
wherein the package comprises an optically transmissive window that is non-parallel to the substrate;
the packaged micromechanical device disposed in a path of a light beam from the light source for modulating light from the light beam, and the collection optics collecting the modulated light. - View Dependent Claims (57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95)
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- 96. A packaged MEMS device having a substrate with a micromechanical device thereon and a window in the package disposed at an angle to the substrate.
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123. A projector comprising a light source, a packaged MEMS device having a substrate with a micromechanical device thereon and a window in the package disposed at an angle to the substrate, and collection optics disposed to receive light from the light source after modulation by the packaged MEMS device.
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124. A method for making a micromirror, comprising:
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providing a substrate;
depositing and patterning a first sacrificial layer on the substrate;
depositing at least one hinge layer on the sacrificial layer and patterning the at least one hinge layer to define at least one flexure hinge;
depositing and patterning a second sacrificial layer;
depositing at least one mirror layer on the second sacrificial layer and patterning the at least one mirror layer to form a mirror element; and
removing the first and second sacrificial layers so as to release the micromirror. - View Dependent Claims (125, 126, 127)
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128. An optical micromechanical device, comprising:
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a substrate;
a first post on the substrate;
a flexure hinge where a proximal end of flexure hinge is on the post;
a second post attached to a distal end of the flexure hinge; and
a plate attached to the second post. - View Dependent Claims (129, 130, 131)
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132. A mirror array comprising:
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a substrate;
an array of mirrors held on said substrate, each mirror held by a hinge to said substrate;
a plurality of electrodes formed proximate to each mirror in the array for deflecting a proximate mirror to one of only two different deflection angles depending upon a voltage being applied to one of the plurality of electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (133, 134, 135)
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- 136. A package for a micromechanical device comprising a bottom substrate for holding the micromechanical device and a top light transmissive substrate that is non-parallel to the bottom substrate.
Specification