Method and system for optimizing illumination power and integration time in an optical sensing device

• US 6,963,059 B2
• Filed: 07/01/2003
• Issued: 11/08/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 07/01/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: EM Microelectronic - Marin SA (The Swatch Group AG)
• Original Assignee: EM Microelectronic - Marin SA (The Swatch Group AG)
• Inventors: Rotzoll, Robert R., Lauffenburger, James Harold, Afriat, Gil
• Primary Examiner(s): Porta, David
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ko, Tony
• Application Number:
  US10/609,686
• Publication Number:
  US 20050001142A1
• Time in Patent Office: 861 Days
• Field of Search: 250/205, 250/214.R, 315/152, 315/156, 315/157, 315/158
• US Class Current: 250/205
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/32 adapted for automatic variation of the measured or reference value regulation of light intensity G05D25/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0317 in co-operation with a patterned surface, e.g. absolute position or relative movement detection for an optical mouse or pen positioned with respect to a coded surface

Abstract

There is described an optical sensing device, a method for controlling operation of an optical sensing device comprising a light source for illuminating a surface portion with radiation, a photodetector device having at least one photosensitive element responsive to radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion, and conversion means for integrating an output signal of said at least one photosensitive element over time during an integration period of variable duration, which duration depends on power of the light source and level of radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion. The optical sensing device further comprises a regulating system for controlling power if the light source as a function of a comparison between a parameter representative of the evolution of the integration of the output signal of the said at least one photosensitive element and at least one reference value. Regulation is advantageously performed by timing the duration of the integration period or by determining the rate of evolution of the integrated signal, comparing this duration or rate of evolution with at least one reference value and controlling power of the light source as a function of the result of the comparison. There is also described an optical pointing device implementing the above regulation scheme as well as an optical sensing device exploiting this scheme so as to sense proximity of the illuminated surface portion with respect to the optical sensing device.

Claims

1. An optical sensing device comprising:

a light source for illuminating a surface portion with radiation;

a photodetector device having at least one photosensitive element responsive to radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion; and

conversion means for integrating an output signal of said at least one photosensitive element over time during an integration period of variable duration, which duration depends on power of said light source and level of radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion,

said optical sensing device further comprising a regulating system for controlling the power of the light source as a function of a comparison between a parameter representative of the evolution of the integration of the output signal of said at least one photosensitive element and at least one reference value;

wherein said representative parameter is a rate of evolution of the integrated output signal of said at least one photosensitive element, said regulating system comprising;

means for determining said rate of evolution during the integration period;

comparator means for comparing the determined rate of evolution with at least one reference rate value; and

power control means for controlling the power of the light source as a function of the result of the comparison between the determined rate of evolution and said at least one reference rate value.

2. The optical sensing device of claim 1, further comprising a programmable memory means for storing said at least one reference value.

3. The optical sensing device of claim 1, wherein said regulating system comprises means for interrupting integration of the output signal of said at least one photosensitive element if the duration of the integration period reaches or is likely to reach a predetermined timeout value,

said regulating system increasing power of said light source if the duration of said integration period has reached or is likely to reach the predetermined timeout value.

4. An optical sensing device comprising:

a light source for illuminating a surface portion with radiation;

a photodetector device having at least one photosensitive element responsive to radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion; and

conversion means for integrating an output signal of said at least one photosensitive element over time during an integration period of variable duration, which duration depends on power of said light source and level of radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion,

said optical sensing device further comprising a regulating system for controlling the power of the light source as a function of a comparison between a parameter representative of the evolution of the integration of the output signal of said at least one photosensitive element and at least one reference value;

wherein said regulating system controls the power of the light source so that the duration of said integration period remains within a reference window having lower and upper reference values, said regulating system decreasing power of the light source so as to maintain the duration of said integration period above the window'"'"'s lower reference value and increasing power of the light source so as to maintain the duration of said integration period below the window'"'"'s upper reference value.

5. A method for controlling operation of an optical sensing device having a light source and a photodetector device with at least one photosensitive element, said method comprising the steps of:

illuminating a surface portion with radiation by means of said light source;

detecting radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion with said at least one photosensitive element; and

while said surface portion is being illuminated, integrating an output signal of said at least one photosensitive element over time during an integration period of variable duration, which duration depends on power of the light source and level of radiation reflected from said illuminated surface portion,

said method further comprising the steps of;

determining a parameter representative of the evolution of the integration of the output signal of said at least one photosensitive element;

comparing the determined representative parameter with at least one reference value; and

controlling power of the light source as a function of the result of the comparison between the determined representative parameter and said at least one reference value;

wherein said representative parameter is the duration of said integration period or a rate of evolution of the integrated output signal of said at least one photosensitive element.

6. The method of claim 5, comprising the step of providing a register the value of which determines the power of said light source, said step of controlling power of the light source including adjusting the value of said register.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the power of said light source is controlled in a stepwise manner.

8. The method of claim 5, further comprising the steps of:

interrupting integration of the output signal of said at least one photosensitive element if the duration of said integration period reaches or is likely to reach a predetermined timeout value; and

increasing the power of said light source if the duration of said integration period has reached or is likely to reach the predetermined timeout value.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of providing a warning signal if the duration of said integration period has reached or is likely to reach the predetermined timeout value and if the power of said light source is at a maximum.

10. The method of claim 8, comprising the step of periodically activating the optical sensing device at a selected activation rate,

said method further comprising the step of setting said activation rate to a minimum if duration of said integration period has reached or is likely to reach the predetermined timeout value and if the power of said light source is at a maximum.

11. The method of claim 5, wherein said representative parameter is a rate of evolution of the integrated output signal of said at least one photosensitive element, power of the light source being controlled while said light source is activated.

12. A method for controlling operation of an optical sensing device having a light source and a photodetector device with at least one photosensitive element, said method comprising the steps of:

illuminating a surface portion with radiation by means of said light source;

detecting radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion with said at least one photosensitive element; and

while said surface portion is being illuminated, integrating an output signal of said at least one photosensitive element over time during an integration period of variable duration, which duration depends on power of the light source and level of radiation reflected from said illuminated surface portion,

said method further comprising the steps of;

determining a parameter representative of the evolution of the integration of the output signal of said at least one photosensitive element;

comparing the determined representative parameter with at least one reference value; and

controlling power of the light source as a function of the result of the comparison between the determined representative parameter and said at least one reference value;

wherein the power of the light source is controlled so that the duration of said integration period remains within a reference window having lower and upper reference values, the power of said light source being decreased or increased so as to maintain the duration of the integration period respectively above the window'"'"'s lower reference value and below the window'"'"'s upper reference value.

13. An optical pointing device comprising:

a light source for repetitively illuminating a surface portion with radiation; and

an optical sensing unit comprising a photodetector array including a plurality of pixels responsive to radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion, each of said pixels including a photosensitive element coupled to an integrating circuit for integrating an output signal of the photosensitive element during an integration period of variable duration, which duration depends on power of said light source and level of radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion,

wherein said optical pointing device further comprises a regulating system including;

means for determining a parameter representative of the evolution of the integration of the output signals of the photosensitive elements;

comparator means for comparing the determined representative parameter with at least one reference value; and

power control means for controlling the power of the light source as a function of the result of the comparison between the determined representative parameter and said at least one reference value,

wherein said representative parameter is the duration of said integration period or a rate of evolution of the integrated output signals of said photosensitive elements.

14. The optical pointing device of claim 13, wherein said integrating circuits integrate the output signals of said photosensitive elements until the integrated output signal of a most illuminated one of said pixels reaches a predetermined value or until an averaged signal derived from the integrated output signals of said pixels reaches a predetermined value.

15. The optical pointing device of claim 13, further comprising a programmable memory means for storing said at least one reference value.

16. The optical pointing device of claim 13, further comprising a register the value of which determines the power of said light source, said register being adjusted in a stepwise manner as a function of the result of the comparison between the determined representative parameter and said at least one reference value.

17. The optical pointing device of claim 13, further comprising means for interrupting integration of said output signals if the duration of said integration period reaches or is likely to reach a predetermined timeout value,

said power control means increasing power of said light source if the duration of said integration period has reached or is likely to reach the predetermined timeout value.

18. The optical pointing device of claim 17, further comprising means for generating a warning signal if the duration of said integration period has reached or is likely to reach the predetermined timeout value and if the power of said light source is at a maximum.

19. The optical pointing device of claim 17, further comprising means for periodically activating said light source, said optical sensing unit and said regulating system at a selected activation rate, and means for setting said activation rate to a minimum if the duration of said integration period has reached or is likely to reach the predetermined timeout value and if the power of said light source is at a maximum.

20. An optical pointing device comprising:

a light source for repetitively illuminating a surface portion with radiation; and

an optical sensing unit comprising a photodetector array including a plurality of pixels responsive to radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion, each of said pixels including a photosensitive element coupled to an integrating circuit for integrating an output signal of the photosensitive element during an integration period of variable duration, which duration depends on power of said light source and level of radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion,

wherein said optical pointing device further comprises a regulating system including;

means for determining a parameter representative of the evolution of the integration of the output signals of the photosensitive elements;

comparator means for comparing the determined representative parameter with at least one reference value; and

power control means for controlling the power of the light source as a function of the result of the comparison between the determined representative parameter and said at least one reference value;

wherein said power control means control the power of the light source so that the duration of said integration period remains within a reference window having lower and upper reference values, said power control means decreasing power of the light source so as to maintain the duration of said integration period above the window'"'"'s lower reference value and increasing power of the light source so as to maintain the duration of said integration period below the window'"'"'s upper reference value.

21. An optical sensing device for use in a pointing device comprising:

a light source for illuminating a surface portion with radiation;

a photodetector device having at least one photosensitive element responsive to radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion; and

conversion means for integrating an output signal of said at least one photosensitive element over time during an integration period of variable duration, which duration depends on power of said light source and level of radiation reflected from the illuminated surface portion,

said optical sensing device further comprising means for sensing proximity of the illuminated surface portion with respect to the optical sensing device, said means including;

means for determining if the duration of said integration period reaches or is likely to reach a predetermined timeout value;

power control means for increasing power of said light source if the duration of said integration period has reached or is likely to reach the predetermined timeout value; and

means for detecting if the duration of said integration period has reached or is likely to reach the predetermined timeout value and if the power of said light source is at a maximum, such condition being indicative of the fact that a distance between the optical sensing device and the surface portion is greater than an operating distance.

22. The optical sensing device of claim 21, further comprising:

timer means for timing the duration of the integration period; and

comparator means for comparing the timed duration of the integration period with said predetermined timeout value.

23. The optical sensing device of claim 21, further comprising:

means for determining a rate of evolution of the integrated output signal of said at least one photosensitive element during integration; and

comparator means for comparing the determined rate of evolution with a predetermined rate of evolution which corresponds to a rate of evolution below which it can be predicted that the duration of the integration period is going to reach said predetermined timeout value.

24. The optical sensing device of claim 21, wherein said photodetector device comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements and wherein said means for determining if the duration of said integration period reaches or is likely to reach a predetermined timeout value monitor the evolution of the integrated output signal of a most illuminated one of said photosensitive elements or of an averaged signal which is derived from the integrated output signals of said photosensitive elements.