Disk drive caching initial host requested data in non-volatile semiconductor memory to reduce start-up time of a host computer

• US 6,968,450 B1
• Filed: 06/01/2002
• Issued: 11/22/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 06/01/2002
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Western Digital Technologies Incorporated (Western Digital Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Western Digital Technologies Incorporated (Western Digital Corporation)
• Inventors: Rothberg, Michael S., Dang, Quoc N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Cao, Chun
• Application Number:
  US10/160,682
• Time in Patent Office: 1,270 Days
• Field of Search: 713/1, 713/2, 711/103, 711/113, 710/5
• US Class Current: 713/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/0866 for peripheral storage systems, e.g. disk cache
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0607 by facilitating the process of upgrading existing storage systems, e.g. for improving compatibility between host and storage device
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0625 Power saving in storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0632 by initialisation or re-initialisation of storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0674 Disk device
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

A disk drive is disclosed comprising a disk for storing initial host requested (IHR) data requested by a host computer during a start-up process of the host computer, a head actuated radially over the disk, and a non-volatile semiconductor memory (NVSM) for caching at least part of the IHR data. The disk drive transmits the cached IHR data from the NVSM to the host computer during the start-up process thereby avoiding the delay associated with initializing the mechanics of the disk drive as well as conserving battery power for mobile applications.

Claims

1. A disk drive connectable to a host computer, the disk drive comprising:

(a) a disk for storing initial host requested (IHR) data requested by the host computer during a start-up process of the host computer;

(b) a head actuated radially over the disk;

(c) a non-volatile semiconductor memory (NVSM) for caching at least part of the IHR data; and

(d) a disk controller for performing a mechanical initialization process for the disk drive and for transmitting the IHR data to the host computer during the start-up process by;

enabling the disk drive to receive a read command from the host computer before completing the mechanical initialization process;

receiving the read command from the host computer to read the IHR data;

if the IHR data is cached in the NVSM, transmitting the cached IHR data from the NVSM to the host computer; and

if the IHR data is not cached in the NVSM;

waiting for the mechanical initialization process to complete;

reading the IHR data from the disk; and

transmitting the IHR data to the host computer, wherein;

the start-up process begins in connection with an operating system boot of the host computer;

the IHR data comprises operating system boot data;

the IHR data comprises a plurality of IHR data blocks requested in a sequence by the host computer during the start-up process; and

when the sequence of IHR data blocks requested by the host computer changes, the disk controller re-allocates a block of the NVSM storing a later requested IHR data block cached in the NVSM in order to cache an earlier requested IHR data block in the NVSM.

2. The disk drive as recited in claim 1, wherein the IHR data read from the disk is stored in the NVSM.

3. The disk drive as recited in claim 1, wherein:

(a) the host computer enters a hibernation mode;

(b) prior to entering the hibernation mode, the disk controller stores image data representing an operating state of the host computer in the NVSM in response to a write command received from the host computer;

(c) the start-up process begins in connection with the host computer waking from the hibernation mode; and

(d) the IHR data comprises the image data.

4. The disk drive as recited in claim 1, wherein the mechanical initialization process comprises a disk spin-up process.

5. The disk drive as recited in claim 1, wherein the mechanical initialization process calibrates a servo system for positioning the head radially over the disk.

6. The disk drive as recited in claim 1, wherein the disk controller re-allocates a block of the NVSM if the host computer does not request the IHR data cached in the block of NVSM during the start-up process.

7. The disk drive as recited in claim 1, wherein the disk controller re-allocates a block of the NVSM if the host computer does not request the IHR data cached in the block of NVSM after a predetermined number of start-up processes.

8. The disk drive as recited in claim 1, wherein:

(a) the NVSM stores a cache data structure used by the disk controller to access the NVSM; and

(b) the disk controller initializes the cache data structure at the beginning of the start-up process.

9. The disk drive as recited in claim 8, wherein the cache data structure comprises a number of entries, wherein each entry comprises:

(a) a first field storing a block identifier for identifying an IHR data block;

(b) a second field storing a memory address of the NVSM where the IHR data block is stored; and

(c) a third field indicating whether the IHR data block was requested by the host computer during the start-up process.

10. The disk drive as recited in claim 9, wherein the disk controller initializes the cache data structure by resetting the third field in each entry to indicate that none of the IHR data blocks have been requested by the host computer at the beginning of the start-up process.

11. The disk drive as recited in claim 9, wherein each entry further comprises a sequence number identifying the order in which the IHR data block was requested by the host computer during the start-up process.

12. A method of operating a disk drive during a start-up process for a host computer, the disk drive comprising a disk for storing initial host requested (IHR) data requested by the host computer during the start-up process, a head actuated radially over the disk, and a non-volatile semiconductor memory (NVSM) for caching at least part of the IHR data, the disk drive performing a mechanical initialization process, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) enabling the disk drive to receive a read command from the host computer before completing the mechanical initialization process;

(b) receiving the read command from the host computer to read the IHR data;

(c) if the IHR data is cached in the NVSM, transmitting the cached IHR data from the NVSM to the host computer; and

(d) if the IHR data is not cached in the NVSM;

waiting for the mechanical initialization process to complete;

reading the IHR data from the disk; and

transmitting the IHR data to the host computer wherein;

the start-up process begins in connection with an operating system boot of the host computer;

the IHR data comprises operating system boot data;

the IHR data comprises a plurality of IHR data blocks requested in a sequence by the host computer during the start-up process; and

when the sequence of IHR data blocks requested by the host computer changes, further comprising the step of re-allocating a block the NVSM storing the last IHR data block cached in the NVSM in order to cache an earlier requested IHR data block in the NVSM.

13. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the IHR data read from the disk is stored in the NVSM.

14. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the host computer enters a hibernation mode, further comprising the steps of:

(a) prior to entering the hibernation mode, storing image data representing an operating state of the host computer in the NVSM in response to a write command received from the host computer; and

(b) beginning the start-up process in connection with the host computer waking from the hibernation mode, wherein the IHR data comprises the image data.

15. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the mechanical initialization process comprises a disk spin-up process.

16. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the mechanical initialization process calibrates a servo system for positioning the head radially over the disk.

17. The method as recited in claim 12, further comprising the step of re-allocating a block of the NVSM if the host computer does not request the IHR data cached in the block of NVSM during the start-up process.

18. The method as recited in claim 12, further comprising the step of re-allocating a block of the NVSM if the host computer does not request the IHR data cached in the block of NVSM after a predetermined number of start-up processes.

19. The method as recited in claim 12, further comprising the steps of:

(a) storing a cache data structure in the NVSM used to access the NVSM; and

(b) initializing the cache data structure at the beginning of the start-up process.

20. The method as recited in claim 19, wherein the cache data structure comprises a number of entries, wherein each entry comprises:

(a) a first field storing a block identifier for identifying an IHR data block;

(b) a second field storing a memory address of the NVSM where the IHR data block is stored; and

(c) a third field indicating whether the IHR data block was requested by the host computer during the start-up process.

21. The method as recited in claim 20, wherein the step of initializing the cache data structure comprises the step of resetting the third field in each entry to indicate that none of the IHR data blocks have been requested by the host computer at the beginning of the start-up process.

22. The method as recited in claim 20, wherein each entry further comprises a sequence number identifying the order in which the IHR data block was requested by the host computer during the start-up process.