Pseudo 3-D space representation system, pseudo 3-D space constructing system, game system and electronic map providing system

• US 6,972,757 B2
• Filed: 01/03/2002
• Issued: 12/06/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 06/08/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYOPresident Of The University Of Tokyo
• Original Assignee: PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYOPresident Of The University Of Tokyo
• Inventors: Arikawa, Masatoshi, Shibasaki, Ryosuke, Tanaka, Hiroya
• Primary Examiner(s): Tung, Kee M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Santiago, Enrique L.
• Application Number:
  US10/037,229
• Publication Number:
  US 20020187831A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,433 Days
• Field of Search: 345/419, 345/630, 345/634, 345/635, 345/637, 345/639, 345/640, 345/641, 345/427, 345/473, 345/619, 345/629, 463/32, 715/757, 715/850
• US Class Current: 345/419
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/66 for rendering three dimensional images
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/695 Imported photos, e.g. of the player
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 21/3638 including 3D objects and buildings three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects G06T17/00; geographic models G06T17/05
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 21/3647 Guidance involving output of stored or live camera images or video streams
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/16 Spatio-temporal transformations, e.g. video cubism

Abstract

Disclosed is a pseudo 3-D space representation system capable of creating a cubic pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images by simple operation. An operation display means displays plural images to a user who is requested to specify a same area on each of two or more images by using an area specifying means. A specified area associating means associates the specified area on one image with the specified area on the other image as one set or plural sets of common parts. An image transforming means transforms one or both images by matching the specified areas by affine transformation and an image display means displays both images as superposed on one the other.

Claims

1. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images; and

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

wherein the image transforming means has a means for transforming image shape in order that the selected image or the specified image of the both images superposed each other by the image display means is transformed to the original shape, the image shape being the shape of the other image of the both images or the both images, and the image display means has an image presenting means for presenting selectable images other than the original one and a display image changing means for changing the displayed images by displaying both images transformed by the image transforming means.

2. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other; and

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

wherein the image transforming means has a means for transforming image shape in order that the selected image or the specified image of the both images superposed each other by the image display means is transformed to the original shape, the image shape being the shape of the other image of the both images or the both images, and the image display means has an image presenting means for presenting selectable images other than the original one and a display image changing means for changing the displayed images by displaying both images transformed by the image transforming means.

3. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images; and

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

wherein the image display means has an area presenting means for selectively presenting an area on an image associated with an area on another image and a display image changing means for changing display image by displaying the associated original image of the another image when the area presented by the area presenting means is selected.

4. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other; and

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

wherein the image display means has an area presenting means for selectively presenting an area on an image associated with an area on another image and a display image changing means for changing display image by displaying the associated original image of the another image when the area presented by the area presenting means is selected.

5. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images; and

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

wherein an image is provided with metadata including at least information about a position and a direction thereof and there is provided a means for identifying a position of the image based on the each metadata and associating the metadata with the electronic map and a means for displaying the image identified by the metadata on the electronic map.

6. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other; and

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

wherein an image is provided with metadata including at least information about a position and a direction thereof and there is provided a means for identifying a position of the image based on the each metadata and associating the metadata with the electronic map and a means for displaying the image identified by the metadata on the electronic map.

7. A game system for playing a game for specifying an area on an image by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising;

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images; and

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

such that further specifying an area of another image associated with the specified area and repeating the same until all specified images are linked, which has an image database storing a plurality of image groups each composed of a plurality of images associated with each other in such a way that areas of images can be linked only in a specified order and which presents a group of images for users to specify areas one on each of two images, links two specified areas, adds points of the links and presents remaining images of the group excepting two images which areas were specified and repeats the same steps.

8. A game system for playing a game for specifying an area on an image by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising;

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other; and

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

such that further specifying an area of another image associated with the specified area and repeating the same until all specified images are linked, which has an image database storing a plurality of image groups each composed of a plurality of images associated with each other in such a way tat areas of images can be linked only in a specified order and which presents a group of images for users to specify areas one on each of two images, links two specified areas, adds points of the links and presents remaining images of the group excepting two images which areas were specified and repeats the same steps.

9. An electronic map display system, comprising a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through alike transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images; and

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

wherein said pseudo 3-D space representation system is embedded in a corresponding position on an electronic map or is linked thereto and displayed thereon.

10. An electronic map display system, comprising a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other; and

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

wherein said pseudo 3-D space representation system is embedded in a corresponding position on an electronic map or is linked thereto and displayed thereon.

46. Program for operating a computer as an electronic map display system, utilizing a pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in any one of claims 9, 10, 29, and 30.

11. An electronic map providing system comprising a server device having an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereof or linked thereto pseudo 3-D space representation images created by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images; and

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

wherein the server device connected to a number of client devices through a network retrieves the pseudo 3-D special electronic map in the electronic map database in response to access from the client device and provides it to the client device.

47. Program for operating a computer as an electronic map providing system, utilizing a pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in any one of claims 11, 12, 31, and 32.

12. An electronic map providing system comprising a server device having an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereof or linked thereto pseudo 3-D space representation images created by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other; and

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

wherein the server device connected to a number of client devices through a network retrieves the pseudo 3-D special electronic map in the electronic map database in response to access from the client device and provides it to the client device.

13. A navigation system comprising a server device comprising an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map comprising a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images; and

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereon or linked thereto a pseudo 3-D space representation image created by using said pseudo 3-D space representation system, wherein the server device is connected to a number of client devices capable of detecting its present position through network and, in response to an access from any client device indicating its current position, it retrieves in the electronic map database and provides the client device with pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map corresponding to the current position, thus navigating the user of the client device.

48. Program for operating a computer as a navigation system, utilizing a pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in any one of claims 13, 14, 33, and 34.

14. A navigation system comprising a server device comprising an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map comprising a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other; and

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereon or linked thereto a pseudo 3-D space representation image created by using said pseudo 3-D space representation system, wherein the server device is connected to a number of client devices capable of detecting its present position through network and, in response to an access from any client device indicating its current position, it retrieves in the electronic map database and provides the client device with pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map corresponding to the current position, thus navigating the user of the client device.

15. A navigation system comprising an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereon or linked thereto a pseudo 3-D space representation image created by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images; and

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

such that said navigation system navigates a user by detecting a current position, searching an electronic map corresponding to the detected current position in the electronic database, and displaying the pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map on a display screen of the user device.

37. Pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in any one of claims 15, 16, 21, and 22, wherein the image transforming means has an interpolation image generating means for generating a series of interpolating images by affine transformation until a next original image is displayed, and the display image changing means has an interpolation image display means for subsequently displaying the interpolation images generated by the interpolation image generating means.

38. Pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in claim 37, further comprising a traversing time changing means for changing a traversing time necessary for changing a display image from an unchanged image to an original image, to represent a pseudo temporal distance according to a difference between the unchanged image and the original image.

39. Pseudo 3-D representation system as defined in claim 37, wherein each image is provided with metadata including at least time information, and a calculation means is provided for calculating a time necessary for changing a display from an original image to another image, and the changing is completed within a calculated time.

40. Pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in claim 37, wherein each image is provided with metadata including at least information about a position and a direction thereof, a calculation means is provided for calculating relative positions for each of two images according to the metadata, and changing a display from an original image to another image is completed according to a specified relationship between two positions.

49. Program for operating a computer as a navigation system, utilizing a pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in any one of claims 15, 16, 35, and 36.

16. A navigation system comprising an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereon or linked thereto a pseudo 3-D space representation image created by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other; and

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

such that said navigation system navigates a user by detecting a current position, searching an electronic map corresponding to the detected current position in the electronic database, and displaying the pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map on a display screen of the user device.

17. An electronic map displaying method comprising preparing a pseudo 3-D spatial representation image utilizing a pseudo 3-D space representing method comprising:

executing steps of displaying a plurality of images to a user, causing the user to specify areas on each of two or more images, associating the specified area of one displayed image with the specified area of the other displayed image as common parts, transforming the shape of one or both images through affine transformation by matching the paired areas and superposing both images;

wherein said pseudo 3-D spatial representation image is embedded in a corresponding position on an electronic map or linked thereto to display the same representation image on the electronic map.

50. Program for operating a computer to execute an electronic map providing method, as defined in any one of claims 17 and 18.

18. An electronic map displaying method comprising preparing a pseudo 3-D spatial representation image utilizing a pseudo 3-D space representing method comprising:

performing the steps of displaying an image to a user, causing the user to specify an area on the displayed image, transforming the specified area by affine transformation, retrieving a part common to the specified area from a plurality of images, transforming the shape of one or both images through affine transformation to match the specified area with the area extracted by the retrieval and displaying both images superposed on each other;

wherein said pseudo 3-D spatial representation image is embedded in a corresponding position on an electronic map or linked thereto to display the same representation image on the electronic map.

19. A navigation method for navigating users, comprising providing through a network a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map prepared by a pseudo 3-D space representing method comprising preparing a pseudo 3-D spatial representation image, said pseudo 3-D space representing method comprising:

executing steps of displaying a plurality of images to a user, causing the user to specify areas on each of two or more images, associating the specified area of one displayed image with the specified area of the other displayed image as common parts, transforming the shape of one or both images through affine transformation by matching the paired areas and superposing both images;

wherein said pseudo 3-D spatial representation image is embedded in or linked to corresponding positions on the electronic map.

51. Program for operating a computer to execute a navigation method, as defined in any one of claims 19 and 20.

20. A navigation method for navigating users, comprising providing through a network a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map prepared by a pseudo 3-D space representing method comprising preparing a pseudo 3-D spatial representation image, said pseudo 3-D space representing method comprising:

performing the steps of displaying an image to a user, causing the user to specify an area on the displayed image, transforming the specified area by affine transformation, retrieving a part common to the specified area from a plurality of images, transforming the shape of one or both images through affine transformation to match the specified area with the area extracted by the retrieval and displaying both images superposed on each other;

wherein said pseudo 3-D spatial representation image is embedded in or linked to corresponding positions on the electronic map.

21. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images;

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying a plurality of images; and

an area specifying means for allowing a user to specify areas on each of two or more images displayed to the user;

wherein the image transforming means has a means for transforming image shape in order that the selected image or the specified image of the both images superposed each other by the image display means is transformed to the original shape, the image shape being the shape of the other image of the both images or the both images, and the image display means has an image presenting means for presenting selectable images other than the original one and a display image changing means for changing the displayed images by displaying both images transformed by the image transforming means.

22. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other;

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying an image; and

an area specifying means for specifying an area on the displayed image;

wherein the image transforming means has a means for transforming image shape in order that the selected image or the specified image of the both images superposed each other by the image display means is transformed to the original shape, the image shape being the shape of the other image of the both images or the both images, and the image display means has an image presenting means for presenting selectable images other than the original one and a display image changing means for changing the displayed images by displaying both images transformed by the image transforming means.

23. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images;

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying a plurality of images; and

an area specifying means for allowing a user to specify areas on each of two or more images displayed to the user;

wherein the image display means has an area presenting means for selectively presenting an area on an image associated with an area on another image and a display image changing means for changing display image by displaying the associated original image of the another image when the area presented by the area presenting means is selected.

41. Pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in any one of claims 3, 4, 23, and 24, wherein the image transforming means has an interpolation image generating means for generating a series of interpolating images by affine transformation until a next original image is displayed, and the display image changing means has an interpolation image display means for subsequently displaying the interpolation images generated by the interpolation image generating means.

42. Pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in claim 41, further comprising a traversing time changing means for changing a traversing time necessary for changing a display image from an unchanged image to an original image, to represent a pseudo temporal distance according to a difference between the unchanged image and the original image.

43. Pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in claim 41, wherein each image is provided with metadata including at least time information, and a calculation means is provided for calculating a time necessary for changing a display from an original image to another image, and the changing is completed within a calculated time.

44. Pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in claim 41, wherein each image is provided with metadata including at least information about a position and a direction thereof, a calculation means is provided for calculating relative positions for each of two images according to the metadata, and changing a display from an original image to another image is completed according to a specified relationship between two positions.

24. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other; and

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying an image; and

an area specifying means for specifying an area on the displayed image;

wherein the image display means has an area presenting means for selectively presenting an area on an image associated with an area on another image and a display image changing means for changing display image by displaying the associated original image of the another image when the area presented by the area presenting means is selected.

25. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images;

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying a plurality of images; and

an area specifying means for allowing a user to specify areas on each of two or more images displayed to the user;

wherein an image is provided with metadata including at least information about a position and a direction thereof and there is provided a means for identifying a position of the image based an the each metadata and associating the metadata with the electronic map and a means for displaying the image identified by the metadata on the electronic map.

26. A pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other,

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying an image; and

an area specifying means for specifying an area on the displayed image;

wherein an image is provided with metadata including at least information about a position and a direction thereof and there is provided a means for identifying a position of the image based on the each metadata and associating the metadata with the electronic map and a means for displaying the image identified by the metadata on the electronic map.

27. A game system for playing a game for specifying an area on an image by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising;

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images;

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other,

an operation image display means for displaying a plurality of images; and

an area specifying means for allowing a user to specify areas on each of two or more images displayed to the user;

such that further specifying an area of another image associated with the specified area and repeating the same until all specified images are linked, which has an image database storing a plurality of image groups each composed of a plurality of images associated with each other in such a way that areas of images can be linked only in a specified order and which presents a group of images for users to specify areas one on each of two images, links two specified areas, adds points of the links and presents remaining images of the group excepting two images which areas were specified and repeats the same steps.

45. Program for operating a computer as a game system, utilizing a pseudo 3-D space representation system as defined in any one of claims 7, 8, 27, and 28.

28. A game system for playing a game for specifying an area on an image by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising:

a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, comprising;

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other;

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying an image; and

an area specifying means for specifying an area on the displayed image;

such that further specifying an area of another image associated with the specified area and repeating the same until all specified images are linked, which has an image database storing a plurality of image groups each composed of a plurality of images associated with each other in such a way that areas of images can be linked only in a specified order and which presents a group of images for users to specify areas one on each of two images, links two specified areas, adds points of the links and presents remaining images of the group excepting two images which areas were specified and repeats the same steps.

29. An electronic map display system, comprising a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images;

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying a plurality of images; and

an area specifying means for allowing a user to specify areas on each of two or more images displayed to the user;

wherein said pseudo 3-D space representation system is embedded in a corresponding position on an electronic map or is linked thereto and displayed thereon.

30. An electronic map display system, comprising a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may marched with each other;

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying an image; and

an area specifying means for specifying an area on the displayed image;

wherein said pseudo 3-D space representation system is embedded in a corresponding position on an electronic map or is linked thereto and displayed thereon.

31. An electronic map providing system comprising a server device having an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereof or linked thereto pseudo 3-D space representation images created by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images;

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying a plurality of images; and

an area specifying means for allowing a user to specify areas on each of two or more images displayed to the user;

wherein the server device connected to a number of client devices through a network retrieves the pseudo 3-D special electronic map in the electronic map database in response to access from the client device and provides it to the client device.

32. An electronic map providing system comprising a server device having an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereof or linked thereto pseudo 3-D) space representation images created by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other;

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying an image; and

an area specifying means for specifying an area on the displayed image;

wherein the server device connected to a number of client devices through a network retrieves the pseudo 3-D special electronic map in the electronic map database in response to access from the client device and provides it to the client device.

33. A navigation system comprising a server device comprising an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map comprising a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images; and

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereon or linked thereto a pseudo 3-D space representation image created by using said pseudo 3-D space representation system, wherein the server device is connected to a number of client devices capable of detecting its present position through network and, in response to an access from any client device indicating its current position, it retrieves in the electronic map database and provides the client device with pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map corresponding to the current position, thus navigating the user of the client device.

34. A navigation system comprising a server device comprising an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map comprising a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other;

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying an image; and

an area specifying means for specifying an area on the displayed image;

prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereon or linked thereto a pseudo 3-D space representation image created by using said pseudo 3-D space representation system, wherein the server device is connected to a number of client devices capable of detecting its present position through network and, in response to an access from any client device indicating its current position, it retrieves in the electronic map database and provides the client device with pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map corresponding to the current position, thus navigating the user of the client device.

35. A navigation system comprising an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereon or linked thereto a pseudo 3-D space representation image created by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area associating means for associating one or more sets of areas specified on one image and the other image or images as common parts;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation by matching the corresponding areas specified on the images;

an image display means for displaying both images as superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying a plurality of images; and

an area specifying means for allowing a user to specify areas on each of two or more images displayed to the user;

such that said navigation system navigates a user by detecting a current position, searching an electronic map corresponding to the detected current position in the electronic database, and displaying the pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map on a display screen of the user device.

36. A navigation system comprising an electronic map database containing a pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map prepared by embedding in corresponding positions thereon or linked thereto a pseudo 3-D space representation image created by using a pseudo 3-D space representation system for representing a pseudo 3-D space with a plurality of 2-D images, said pseudo 3-D space representation system comprising:

a specified area transforming means for transforming an area specified on an image through affine transformation;

a specified area retrieving means for retrieving a part common with the specified area from plural images;

an image transforming means for transforming one or both images through affine transformation in such a way that the specified area and the retrieved area may matched with each other;

an image display means for displaying both images superposed on each other;

an operation image display means for displaying an image; and

an area specifying means for specifying an area on the displayed image;

such that said navigation system navigates a user by detecting a current position, searching an electronic map corresponding to the detected current position in the electronic database, and displaying the pseudo 3-D spatial electronic map on a display screen of the user device.