Biosensor
First Claim
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1. A biosensor comprising:
- (i) an electrode;
(ii) at least one molecule of a protein that undergoes a conformational change upon binding to a ligand;
(iii) a redox reporter bound to said molecule of said protein; and
(iv) a means for measuring a voltage or current,wherein said redox reporter is bound to a surface of said molecule of said protein that faces said electrode so that said redox reporter is positioned between said molecule of said protein and said electrode, and wherein the conformational change that occurs upon binding of said ligand to said molecule of said protein results in a change in the interaction between said redox reporter and said electrode that is detectable potentiometrically or amperometrically.
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Abstract
The present invention relates, in general, to biosensors and, in particular, to bioelectronic sensors comprising a macromolecule immobilized on an electrode surface so that a redox cofactor that is site-specifically attached to the surface of the macromolecule is between the macromolecule and electrode surface ligand-mediated conformational changes alter the geometry of interaction between the redox cofactor and the electrode surface resulting in a change in electronic coupling between the cofactor and electrode.
43 Citations
27 Claims
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1. A biosensor comprising:
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(i) an electrode; (ii) at least one molecule of a protein that undergoes a conformational change upon binding to a ligand; (iii) a redox reporter bound to said molecule of said protein; and (iv) a means for measuring a voltage or current, wherein said redox reporter is bound to a surface of said molecule of said protein that faces said electrode so that said redox reporter is positioned between said molecule of said protein and said electrode, and wherein the conformational change that occurs upon binding of said ligand to said molecule of said protein results in a change in the interaction between said redox reporter and said electrode that is detectable potentiometrically or amperometrically. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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Specification