Control system for digital de-screening of documents

• US 6,983,076 B2
• Filed: 07/01/2002
• Issued: 01/03/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 07/01/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Curry, Donald J., Kletter, Doron, Nafarieh, Asghar
• Primary Examiner(s): PATEL, KANJIBHAI B
• Application Number:
  US10/188,026
• Publication Number:
  US 20040001642A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,282 Days
• Field of Search: 382/173, 382/260, 382263-264, 382274-275, 382/266, 382/284, 382/300, 358/3.08, 345/582, 345/617
• US Class Current: 382/260
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 5/20 using local operators
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 5/75 Unsharp masking
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/40075 Descreening, i.e. converting a halftone signal into a corresponding continuous-tone signal; Rescreening, i.e. combined descreening and halftoning

Abstract

A method and a system for controlling de-screening of documents. The control system is included in a de-screening system including a bank of filters. The filter bank receives an image signal and produces a set of filter output signals. The control system comprises a contrast module, a halftone estimate module and a pixel control module. The contrast module receives a filter output signal from a filter having a large filter span and produces a contrast signal. The halftone estimate module receives the image signal and a filter output signal from a filter having a small filter span and produces an estimated frequency signal and a halftone weight signal. Based on the contrast signal, the estimated frequency signal and the halftone weight signal, the pixel control module produces a control signal which includes information regarding which of the filter output signals are to be blended and the proportion of blending.

Claims

1. A method for controlling de-screening operation in a de-screening system, the de-screening system including a bank of filters, the bank of filters receiving an image signal and producing a set of filter output signals, the method comprising the operations of:

(1) receiving, via a contrast module, a filter output signal from a first filter in a bank of filters and producing a contrast signal, the first filter being one of the filters having larger filter spans in the bank of filters;

(2) receiving, via a halftone estimate module, the image signal and a second filter output signal from a second filter in the bank of filters, the second filter being one of the filters-having smaller filter spans in the bank of filters, and producing an estimated frequency signal and a halftone weight signal; and

(3) receiving, via a pixel control module, the contrast signal from the contrast module and the estimated frequency signal and the halftone weight signal from the halftone estimate module, and producing the first control signal, the first control signal including information regarding which of the filter output signals are to be blended and the proportion of blending.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein operation (2) comprises the operation of processing concurrently the image signal and the second filter output signal via, respectively a first and a second frequency detection modules included in the halftone estimate module.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein operation (2) comprises the operations of:

detecting extrema in each of the image signal and the second filter output signal via a min-max texture detector included in each of the frequency detection modules, and outputting respective detected signals; and

filtering the respective detected signals via respective cascades of averaging filters and outputting respective filtered detected signals.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the operation of detecting extrema is performed by using a structure pattern within a window, the structure pattern having two distinct sets of pixels arranged such that, for any line segment crossing the structure pattern, each of the two sets of pixels does not lie entirely on one side of the line segment.

5. The method of claim 3 wherein operation (2) further comprises the operation of filtering each of the two filtered detected signals via a special filter included in each of the frequency detection modules to ensure reliability of the estimated frequency signal and the halftone weight signal even in the presence of an edge of a halftone area in the image signal.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein operation (2) further comprises the operation of searching for a maximum value within a window in the output of each of the special filters via a module included in each of the frequency detection modules.

7. The method of claim 2 wherein operation (2) further comprises the operations of sub-sampling and interpolating.

8. The method of claim 2 wherein operation (2) comprises the operations of combining the outputs of the first and second frequency detection modules and producing the halftone weight signal, via a halftone weight module included in the halftone estimate module.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein operation (3) comprises the operation of processing the contrast signal, the estimated frequency signal and the halftone weight signal via at least one piecewise linear function block included in the pixel control module to produce the first control signal which includes information regarding which of the filter output signals are to be blended and the proportion of blending.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein operation (3) comprises the operation of processing the estimated frequency signal via a second piecewise linear function block included in the pixel control module to produce a second control signal for controlling sharpeness.

11. The method of claim 9 wherein operation (3) comprises the operation of processing the estimated frequency signal, the halftone weight signal and a lowpass filtered version of the image signal, via a neutral logic block included in the pixel control module to produce a third control signal for controlling the neutrality of a current pixel.

12. A control system included in a de-screening system, the de-screening system including a bank of filters, the bank of filters receiving an image signal and producing a set of filter output signals, the control system comprising:

a contrast module receiving a filter output signal from a first filter in a bank of filters, the first filter being one of the filters having larger filter spans in the bank of filters, and producing a contrast signal;

a halftone estimate module receiving the image signal and a filter output signal from a second filter in the bank of filters, the second filter being one of the filters having smaller filter spans in the bank of filters, and producing an estimated frequency signal and a halftone weight signal; and

a pixel control module receiving the contrast signal from the contrast module and the estimated frequency signal and the halftone weight signal from the halftone estimate module, and producing the first control signal, the first control signal including information regarding which of the filter output signals are to be blended and the proportion of blending.

13. The control system of claim 12 wherein the halftone estimate module comprises a first and a second frequency detection modules operating concurrently.

14. The control system of claim 13 wherein each of the frequency detection modules comprises a min-max texture detector for detecting extrema in each of the image signal and the second filter output signal and outputting two respective detected signals, and a cascade of averaging filters for filtering the respective detected signal and outputting a respective filtered detected signal.

15. The control system of claim 14 wherein the min-max texture detector uses a structure pattern within a window, the structure pattern having two distinct sets of pixels arranged such that, for any line segment crossing the structure pattern, each of the two sets of pixels does not lie entirely on one side of the line segment.

16. The control system of claim 14 wherein each of the frequency detection modules further comprises a special filter to filter the respective detected signals to ensure reliability of the estimated frequency signal and the halftone weight signal even in the presence of an edge of a halftone area in the image signal.

17. The control system of claim 16 wherein each of the frequency detection modules further comprises a module for searching for a maximum value within a window in the output of the respective special filter.

18. The control system of claim 13 wherein each of the frequency detection modules further comprises at least one sub-sampling unit and at least one interpolation unit.

19. The control system of claim 13 wherein the halftone estimate module further comprises a halftone weight module for combining the outputs of the first and second frequency detection modules and producing the halftone weight signal.

20. The control system of claim 12 wherein the pixel control module comprises at least one piecewise linear function block producing the first control signal which includes information regarding which of the filter output signals are to be blended and the proportion of blending.

21. The control system of claim 20 wherein the pixel control module further comprises a second piecewise linear function block receiving the estimated frequency signal and producing a second control signal for controlling sharpeness.

22. The control system of claim 20 wherein the pixel control module further comprises a neutral logic block receiving as inputs the estimated frequency signal, the halftone weight signal and a lowpass filtered version of the image signal, and producing a third control signal for controlling the neutrality of a current pixel.

23. An article of manufacture comprising:

a machine usable medium having program code embedded therein, the program code is used for controlling de-screening operation in a de-screening system, the de-screening system including a bank of filters, the bank of filters receiving an image signal and producing a set of filter output signals, the program code comprising;

machine readable code to process a filter output signal received from a first filter in a bank of filters and produce a contrast signal, the first filter being one of the filters having larger filter spans in the bank of filters;

machine readable code to process the image signal and a second filter output signal received from a second filter in the bank of filters, the second filter being one of the filters having smaller filter spans in the bank of filters, and produce an estimated frequency signal and a halftone weight signal; and

machine readable code to process the contrast signal and the estimated frequency signal and the halftone weight signal, and produce the first control signal, the first control signal including information regarding which of the filter output signals are to be blended and the proportion of blending.