Positive airway pressure system and method for treatment of sleeping disorder in patient

• US 6,988,994 B2
• Filed: 08/14/2003
• Issued: 01/24/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 08/14/2003
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: New York University
• Original Assignee: New York University
• Inventors: Norman, Robert G., Rapoport, David M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hindenburg, Max F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Natnithithadha, Navin
• Application Number:
  US10/642,459
• Publication Number:
  US 20050038353A1
• Time in Patent Office: 894 Days
• Field of Search: 600/529, 600531-538, 128/200.24, 128/204.18, 128/204.21, 128/204.22, 128/204.23, 128/204.26
• US Class Current: 600/538
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/021 Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels A61B5/0205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/024 Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate A61B5/0205, A61B5/021 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0816 Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency measuring frequency of electric signals G01R23/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/087 Measuring breath flow
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/369 Electroencephalography [EEG] devices for psychotechnics A61B5/16
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4809 Sleep detection, i.e. determining whether a subject is asleep or not
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4818 Sleep apnoea
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0066 Blowers or centrifugal pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0069 the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/024 including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/06 Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0021 with a proportional output signal, e.g. from a thermistor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0039 in the inspiratory circuit

Abstract

Described are a positive airway pressure system and method for treatment of a sleeping disorder in a patient. The system includes a generator, a sensor and a processing arrangement. The generator supplies airflow and applies a pressure at to an airway of a patient. The sensor measures data corresponding to patient'"'"'s breathing patterns. The processing arrangement analyzes the breathing patterns to determine whether the breathing patterns are indicative of at least one of the following patient'"'"'s states: (i) a regular breathing state, (ii) a sleep disorder breathing state, (iii) a REM sleep state and (iv) a troubled wakefulness state. The processing arrangement adjusts the applied pressure as a function of the patient'"'"'s state.

Claims

1. A positive airway pressure system for treatment of a sleeping disorder in a patient, comprising:

a generator supplying airflow and applying a pressure to an airway of a patient;

a sensor measuring data corresponding to patient'"'"'s breathing patterns; and

a processing arrangement analyzing the breathing patterns to determine whether the breathing patterns are indicative of one of the following patient'"'"'s states;

(i) a regular breathing state, (ii) a sleep disorder breathing state, (iii) a REM sleep state and (iv) a troubled wakefulness state, the processing arrangement adjusting the applied pressure as a function of the patient'"'"'s state,

wherein, when the breathing patterns indicate one of states (i) and (ii) and (iii), the processing arrangement controls the generator to adjust the pressure to a first value and wherein, when the breathing patterns indicate state (iv), the processing arrangement controls the generator to adjust the pressure to a second value.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor measures at least one of an airflow rate and a currently applied pressure.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein processing arrangement monitors and adjusts the airflow and the pressure supplied by the generator until the system is disengaged.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the processing arrangement determines the breathing patterns as a function at least one of the airflow rate and the currently applied pressure.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the processing arrangement determines the patient'"'"'s state as a function of at least one of a patient'"'"'s blood pressure, a heart rate and EEG data.

6. The system according to claim 1, further comprising:

a mask placed on a face of the patient and covering at least one of the mouth and the nose of the patient.

7. The system according to claim 6, further comprising:

a tube connecting the mask to the flow generator for supplying the airflow to the patient.

8. The system according to claim 1, further comprising:

a venting arrangement preventing the patient from rebreathing of the exhaled airflow.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein the breathing patterns are stored in a database of the processing arrangement, the processing arrangement determining the patient'"'"'s state as a function of currently detected breathing patterns and previous breathing patterns stored in the database.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein when the breathing patterns indicate a change from one of states (i), (ii), (iii) to the state (iv), the processing arrangement controls the generator to reduce the pressure.

11. The system according to claim 1, wherein when the breathing patterns indicate a change from state (iv) to one of states (i), (ii) and (iii), the processing arrangement controls the generator to increase the pressure supplied by the generator.

12. The system according to claim 1, wherein when the breathing patterns indicate one of an elevated upper airway resistance, hypopnea and a repetitive obstructive apnea, the processing arrangement controls the generator to increase the pressure supplied by the generator.

13. The system according to claim 1, wherein when the detected breathing pattern is indicative of the state (iii), the processing arrangement controls the generator to maintain a current level of the pressure supplied by the generator.

14. A method for treatment of sleeping disorder in a patient using a positive airway pressure, comprising the steps of:

supplying an airflow to an airway of a patient using a flow generator;

measuring data corresponding to the patient'"'"'s breathing patterns;

analyzing with the processing arrangement the data corresponding to the breathing patterns to determine whether the breathing patterns are indicative of at least one of the following patient states;

(i) a regular breathing state, (ii) a sleep disorder breathing state, (iii) a REM sleep state, and (iv) a troubled wakefulness state;

using the processing arrangement, controlling the generator to adjust the supplied pressure as a function of the patient'"'"'s state; and

when the breathinq patterns indicate one of states (i) and (ii) and (iii), controlling the generator to adjust the supplied pressure to a first value; and

when the breathing patterns indicate state (iv), controlling with the processing arrangement the flow generator to adiust the supplied pressure to a second value.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the measuring step includes the substep of:

measuring at least one of an airflow rate and an applied pressure using a sensor.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the data corresponding to the breathing patterns includes one of the airflow rate and the applied pressure.

17. The method according to claim 14, wherein the analyzing step further includes the substep of:

determining with the processing arrangement the patient'"'"'s state as a function of at least one of a patient'"'"'s blood pressure, a heart rate and EEG data.

18. The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of:

monitoring and adjusting the pressure supplied by the generator until the processing arrangement receives a signal to disengage.

19. The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of:

placing a mask on a face of the patient and covering at least one of the mouth and the nose of the patient.

20. The method according to claim 19, further comprising the step of:

connecting to the mask to the generator using a tube.

21. The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of:

providing a venting arrangement to prevent the patient from rebreathing exhaled airflow.

22. The method according to claim 14, further comprising the steps of:

storing the breathing patterns of the patent in a database of the processing arrangement; and

determining the patient'"'"'s state as a function of a current rebreathing pattern and the previous breathing patterns stored in the database.

23. The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of:

controlling the generator to reduce the supplied pressure when the breathing pattern indicates a change from one of the states (i), (ii) &

(iii) to the state (iv).

24. The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of:

controlling the flow generator to increase the supplied pressure when the breathing pattern indicate change from the state (iv) to one of the states (i), (ii) &

(iii).

25. The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of:

controlling the generator to increase the supplied pressure when the breathing pattern indicates one of an elevated upper airway resistance, hypopnea and a repetitive obstructive apnea.

26. The method according to claim 14, further comprising the step of:

controlling the generator to maintain the supplied pressure at a current level when the breathing pattern indicates the state (iii).

27. A positive airway pressure system for treatment of a sleeping disorder in a patient, comprising:

a generator supplying airflow and applying a pressure to an airway of a patient;

a sensor measuring data corresponding to patient'"'"'s breathing patterns; and

a processing arrangement analyzing the breathing patterns to determine which one of the following patient'"'"'s states the breathing patterns are indicative of;

(i) a regular breathing state, (ii) a sleep disorder breathing state, (iii) a REM sleep state and (iv) a troubled wakefulness state.

28. A method for treatment of sleeping disorder in a patient wing a positive airway pressure, comprising the steps of:

supplying an airflow to anairway of a patient using a flow generator;

measuring data corresponding to the patient'"'"'s breathing patterns; and

analyzing data corresponding to the breathing patterns to determine which one of the following patient'"'"'s states the breathing patterns are indicative of;

(i) a regular breathing state, (ii) a sleep disorder breathing state, and one of (iii) a REM sleep state and (iv) a troubled wakefulness state.

29. A positive airway pressure system for treatment of a sleeping disorder in a patient, comprising:

a generator supplying airflow and applying a pressure to an airway of a patient;

a sensor measuring data corresponding to patient'"'"'s breathing patterns; and

a processing arrangement determining whether the breathing patterns are indicative of a troubled wakefulness state.

31. The system of claim 29, wherein the processing arrangement adjusts the applied pressure as a function.

30. A method fbr treatment of sleeping disorder in a patient using a positive airway pressure, comprising the steps of:

supplying an airflow to an airway of a patient using a flow generator;

measuring data corresponding to the patient'"'"'s breathing patterns; and

determining, based on the data, whether the breathing patterns are indicative of a troubled wakefulness state.

32. The method of claim 30, further comprising:

adjusting the airflow based on the state.