Optical wavelength cross connect architectures using wavelength routing elements

• US 6,990,268 B2
• Filed: 10/23/2002
• Issued: 01/24/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 03/08/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Altera Corporation (Intel Corporation)
• Original Assignee: PTS Corporation
• Inventors: Weverka, Robert T.
• Primary Examiner(s): KANG, JULIANA K
• Application Number:
  US10/279,388
• Publication Number:
  US 20040208551A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,189 Days
• Field of Search: 385/10, 385 15- 17, 385/24, 398/45, 398/50, 398/57
• US Class Current: 385/24
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0204 Broadcast and select arrangements, e.g. with an optical splitter at the input before adding or dropping
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0209 Multi-stage arrangements, e.g. by cascading multiplexers or demultiplexers
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0212 using optical switches or wavelength selective switches [WSS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0213 Groups of channels or wave bands arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0217 Multi-degree architectures, e.g. having a connection degree greater than two
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0219 Modular or upgradable architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0282 WDM tree architectures
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/0297 Optical equipment protection
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0005 Switch and router aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2011/0016 using wavelength multiplexing or demultiplexing
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2011/0024 using space switching
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2011/0026 using free space propagation (e.g. lenses, mirrors)
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2011/0032 using static wavelength routers (e.g. arrayed waveguide grating router [AWGR] )
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2011/0043 Fault tolerance
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2011/0052 Interconnection of switches
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2011/0075 Wavelength grouping or hierarchical aspects

Abstract

An optical wavelength cross connect is provided to receive multiple input optical signals that each have multiple spectral bands and to transmit multiple output optical signals that each have one or more of those spectral bands. The optical wavelength cross connect includes multiple wavelength routing elements, which are optical components that selectively route wavelength components between one optical signal and multiple optical signals in either direction according to a configurable state.

Claims

1. A method for distributing a plurality of spectral bands comprised by a plurality of input optical signals onto a plurality of output optical signals, the method comprising:

selectively distributing spectral bands from each of the plurality of input optical signals onto a plurality of intermediate optical signals, wherein at least one of the intermediate optical signals comprises two or more of the spectral bands;

duplicating the intermediate optical signals; and

selecting spectral bands from combinations of the duplicated optical signals to provide the output optical signals.

2. The method recited in claim 1 wherein selecting spectral bands from combinations of the duplicated optical signals comprises blocking propagation of certain spectral bands from the duplicated optical signals onto the output optical signals.

3. The method recited in claim 1 wherein the combinations include spectral bands from each of the input optical signals.

4. The method recited in claim 1 wherein the input optical signals are equal in number to the output optical signals.

5. A method for distributing a plurality of spectral bands comprised by a plurality of input optical signals onto a plurality of output optical signals, the method comprising:

selectively distributing spectral bands from each of the plurality of input optical signals onto a plurality of intermediate optical signals, wherein selectively distributing spectral bands comprises blocking propagation of certain spectral bands, and wherein at least one of the intermediate optical signals comprises two or more of the spectral bands; and

selecting spectral bands from combinations of the intermediate optical signals to provide the output optical signals.

6. The method recited in claim 5 wherein the combinations include spectral bands from each of the input optical signals.

7. The method recited in claim 5 wherein the input optical signals are equal in number to the output optical signals.

8. A method for distributing a plurality of spectral bands comprised by a plurality of input optical signals onto a plurality of output optical signals, the method comprising:

producing a first plurality of intermediate optical signals that are equivalent to corresponding input optical signals, wherein at least one of the first plurality of intermediate optical signals comprises two or more of the spectral bands;

producing a second plurality of intermediate optical signals by selectively distributing spectral bands from each of the plurality of input optical signals;

combining combinations of the second plurality of intermediate optical signals to provide a portion of the output optical signals; and

selecting spectral bands from each of the first plurality of intermediate optical signals to provide a remainder of the output optical signals.

9. The method recited in claim 8 wherein selecting spectral bands from each of the first plurality of intermediate optical signals comprises blocking propagation of certain spectral bands from the duplicated optical signals onto the remainder of the output optical signals.

10. The method recited in claim 8 wherein producing the second plurality of intermediate optical signals by selectively distributing spectral bands from each of the plurality of input optical signals comprises blocking propagation of certain spectral bands onto the second plurality of intermediate optical signals.

11. The method recited in claim 8 further comprising optically splitting each of the input optical signals to provide first and second internal optical signals used respectively for producing the first and second pluralities of intermediate optical signals.

12. The method recited in claim 8 wherein the input optical signals are equal in number to the output optical signals.

13. The method recited in claim 8 wherein the first and second pluralities of intermediate optical signals are equal in number.

14. A method for distributing a plurality of spectral bands comprised by a plurality of input optical signals onto a plurality of output optical signals, the method comprising:

producing a first plurality of intermediate optical signals equivalent to a portion of the plurality of input optical signals, wherein at least one of the first plurality of intermediate optical signals comprises two or more of the spectral bands;

producing a second plurality of intermediate optical signals by selectively distributing spectral bands from each of a remainder of the plurality of input optical signals; and

combining combinations of the second plurality of intermediate optical signals with selected spectral bands from the first plurality of intermediate optical signals to produce the output optical signals.

15. The method recited in claim 14 wherein producing the first plurality of intermediate optical signals comprises optically splitting each of the portion of the plurality of input signals.

16. The method recited in claim 14 wherein producing the second plurality of intermediate optical signals by selectively distributing spectral bands from each of the remainder of the plurality of input optical signals comprises blocking propagation of certain spectral bands onto the second plurality of intermediate optical signals.

17. The method recited in claim 14 wherein the selected spectral bands from the first plurality of intermediate optical signals are obtained by selecting spectral bands from combinations of the first plurality of intermediate optical signals.

18. The method recited in claim 17 wherein selecting spectral bands from combinations of the first plurality of intermediate optical signals comprises blocking propagation of certain spectral bands from the first plurality of intermediate optical signals.

19. The method recited in claim 17 wherein the input optical signals are equal in number to the output optical signals.

20. The method recited in claim 17 wherein the portion and remainder of the plurality of input optical signals are equal in number.

21. An optical wavelength cross connect for receiving a plurality of input optical signals each having a plurality of spectral bands and transmitting a plurality of output optical signals each having one or more of the spectral bands, the optical wavelength cross connect comprising:

a first plurality of elements, wherein;

each of the first plurality of elements is disposed to receive one of the plurality of input optical signals; and

each of the first plurality of elements comprises a first input wavelength routing element adapted for selectively routing wavelength components between a respective first optical signal and a respective plurality of intermediate optical signals according to a configurable state of such first wavelength routing element,

a second plurality of elements, wherein;

each of the second plurality of elements is disposed to receive one of the intermediate optical signals from each of the first plurality of elements; and

each of the second plurality of elements comprises a first output wavelength routing element adapted for selectively routing wavelength components between a respective first incoming optical signal and a respective plurality of second outgoing optical signals according to a configurable state of such first output wavelength routing element,

wherein a mapping of the spectral bands comprised by the plurality of input optical signals to the plurality of output optical signals is determined by states of the first input wavelength routing elements and the states of the first output wavelength routing elements, the state of at least one of the first input wavelength routing elements resulting in blocking of transmission of at least one of the spectral bands between the respective first optical signal and the respective plurality of intermediate optical signals.

22. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 21 wherein the state of each of the input wavelength routing elements comprised by the first plurality of elements results in blocking of transmission of at least one of the spectral bands between the respective first optical signal and the respective plurality of intermediate optical signals.

23. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 21 wherein each of the first plurality of elements further comprises an optical splitter for duplicating one of the respective plurality of intermediate optical signals.

24. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 21 wherein each of the first plurality of elements further comprises a second input wavelength routing element adapted for selectively routing wavelength components between a respective first optical signal and a respective plurality of second optical signals according to a configurable state of such second input wavelength routing element, wherein the mapping of the spectral bands is further determined by states of the second input wavelength routing elements.

25. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 24 wherein each of the first plurality of elements further comprises an optical combiner for combining the respective first optical signals for the first and second input wavelength routing elements.

26. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 21 wherein each of the intermediate optical signals is equivalent to another of the intermediate optical signals.

27. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 21 wherein:

the first input wavelength routing element comprised by each of the first plurality of elements is adapted for selectively routing wavelength components between one of the input optical signals and d internal optical signals; and

each of the first plurality of elements further comprises optical splitters for providing equivalents of the internal optical signals as the intermediate optical signals,

whereby the intermediate optical signals form d groups of equivalent optical signals.

28. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 27 wherein a plurality of the second elements receive equivalent sets of the intermediate optical signals.

29. The cross connect recited in claim 21 wherein each of the second plurality of elements comprises:

a plurality of second output wavelength routing elements; and

an optical combiner disposed to combine the respective second outgoing optical signals from each of the second output wavelength elements.

30. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 21 wherein each of the first plurality of elements comprises:

a plurality of first input wavelength routing elements; and

an optical splitter disposed to split the input optical signal into a plurality of internal signals that correspond to the respective first optical signals for the plurality of first input wavelength routing elements.

31. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 30 wherein each of the second plurality of elements further comprises a plurality of optical combiners disposed to combine the intermediate signals received by such each of the second plurality of elements to produce the respective incoming optical signal for the second wavelength output routing element.

32. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 21, wherein:

each of a portion of the second plurality of elements comprises an optical combiner disposed to combine the intermediate optical signals received by such each of the portion of the second plurality of elements to produce a respective one of the output optical signals; and

each of a remainder of the second plurality of elements comprises a second output wavelength routing element adapted for selectively routing wavelength components between a respective first incoming optical signal and a respective plurality of second outgoing optical signals according to a configurable state of such second wavelength routing element, wherein the mapping of the spectral bands is further determined by states of the second output wavelength routing elements.

33. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 32 wherein a plurality of the intermediate optical signals are equivalents to the input optical signals.

34. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 33 wherein:

intermediate optical signals that are equivalents to the input optical signals are received from the first plurality of elements by the remainder of the second plurality of elements; and

intermediate optical signals that are not equivalents to the input optical signals are received from the first plurality of elements by the portion of the second plurality of elements.

35. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 32 wherein each of the first plurality of elements further comprises an optical splitter disposed to split the input optical signal received by such each of the first plurality of elements and to provide an equivalent to such input optical signal that corresponds to the respective first optical signal for the first wavelength routing element.

36. An optical wavelength cross connect for receiving a plurality of input optical signals each having a plurality of spectral bands and transmitting a plurality of output optical signals each having one or more of the spectral bands, the optical wavelength cross connect comprising:

a first plurality of elements configured to receive the input optical signals and to provide combinations of the spectral bands on a plurality of intermediate optical signals; and

a second plurality of elements configured to receive the intermediate optical signals and to provide the output optical signals, wherein each of the second plurality of elements comprises a first wavelength routing element for selectively routing wavelength components between a respective first optical signal and a respective plurality of second optical signals according to a configurable state of such first wavelength routing element,

wherein a mapping of the spectral bands from the input optical signals to the output optical signals is determined by states of the first wavelength routing elements, the state of at least one of the first wavelength routing elements resulting in blocking transmission of at least one of the spectral bands between the respective first optical signal and the respective plurality of second optical signals.

37. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 36 wherein each of the intermediate optical signals is equivalent to another of the intermediate optical signals.

38. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 36 wherein the state of each of the wavelength routing elements comprised by the second plurality of elements results in blocking of transmission of at least one of the spectral bands between the respective first optical signal and the respective plurality of second optical signals.

39. The optical wavelength cross connect recited in claim 36 wherein each of the first elements comprises

a second wavelength routing element adapted for selectively routing wavelength components between a respective first optical signal and a respective plurality of second optical signals according to a configurable state of such second wavelength routing element;

and

a plurality of optical splitters.