Closed-loop power control for hybrid electric vehicles

• US 6,991,053 B2
• Filed: 02/27/2003
• Issued: 01/31/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Original Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Inventors: Syed, Fazal Urrahman, Kuang, Ming Lang, Smith, David Estes
• Primary Examiner(s): Ellis, Christopher P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): SWENSON, BRIAN L
• Application Number:
  US10/248,886
• Publication Number:
  US 20040168840A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,069 Days
• Field of Search: 280/65.1, 280/65.2, 280/65.3, 280/65.4, 280/65.6, 701/22, 180/65.1, 180/65.2, 180/65.3, 180/65.4, 180/65.6
• US Class Current: 180/65.235
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/421 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/441 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/443 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/461 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/662 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/14 Preventing excessive discharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/10 Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/13 in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2520/10 Longitudinal speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/10 Accelerator pedal position
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 : Engine management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/93 : Conjoint control of different elements

Abstract

A control system and control method for a hybrid electric vehicle powertrain having an engine, an electric motor and an electric generator with gearing for effecting split power distribution from separate power sources. Power delivery to vehicle traction wheels is coordinated to meet a driver'"'"'s demand for power as much as possible without violating predefined maximum and minimum powertrain limits, including the limits of the battery subsystem.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a hybrid powertrain for an automotive vehicle having a driver controlled engine, an electric motor, a battery, a generator connected to the battery and a gear system that establishes first and second power sources for distributing torque to vehicle traction wheels, the method comprising the steps of:

delivering engine torque to a first torque input element of the gear system, delivering reaction torque of the gear system to the motor and generator and delivering torque from a torque output element of the gear system to the traction wheels thereby establishing a power split in a first power source configuration;

delivering torque from the motor and generator through the gear system to the traction wheels with the engine deactivated thereby establishing a second power source configuration; and

coordinating power delivery from the first and second power sources whereby a response to driver demand for power will optimize driveline efficiency and performance without exceeding power limits for the engine and the battery including calculating driver power demand based on driver torque demand and vehicle speed;

determining a battery power request resulting from the coordination of power delivery from the first and second power sources;

combining the driver power demand and the battery power request;

determining whether the combined driver power demand and the battery power request is within predetermined maximum and minimum engine power limits to develop an engine power command and an actual engine output power;

combining the actual engine output power with the driver power demand;

measuring actual battery power;

determining whether the combined actual engine output power and the driver power demand is within pre-calibrated battery power limits to develop a battery power desired;

determining a modified battery power desired when actual battery power deviates from battery power desired; and

combining the modified battery power desired and the actual engine output power to develop an actual allowed driver power demand.

2. The method set forth in claim 1 wherein the step determining a modified battery power desired comprises a closed-loop calculation using actual battery power as a feedback variable whereby pre-calibrated battery power limits are not exceeded.

3. The method set forth in claim 1 including the step of adjusting the engine power command in a closed-loop calculation using actual battery power as a feedback variable whereby a battery power request for optimal coordination of power delivery from the first and second power sources is maintained.

4. The method set forth in claim 3 including the step of determining whether a desired battery power to be combined with engine power output is within predetermined battery power maximum and minimum limits and controlling battery power to avoid exceeding the battery power limits thereby preventing the battery from overcharging or over-discharging.

5. The method as set forth in claim 3 including the step of determining whether the driver demand for power is within predetermined maximum and minimum system power limits;

and

delivering battery power to the gear system to complement the driver demand for power when the driver power demand is outside the engine power limits.

6. The method set forth in claim 5 including the step of determining whether a desired battery power to be combined with engine output power is within predetermined battery power maximum and minimum limits and controlling battery power to avoid exceeding battery power limits thereby preventing the battery from overcharging or over-discharging.

7. The method as set forth in claim 5 wherein the step of determining driver power demand includes the step of accounting for electrical losses in the powertrain whereby the effective demand for power is the sum of the driver power demand and electrical power losses.