Embedding digital watermarks in spot colors

• US 6,993,149 B2
• Filed: 09/25/2001
• Issued: 01/31/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 09/25/2001
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Digimarc Corporation
• Original Assignee: Digimarc Corporation
• Inventors: Brunk, Hugh L., Alattar, Osama M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Couso, Jose L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lu, Tom Y.
• Application Number:
  US09/963,344
• Publication Number:
  US 20030058477A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,589 Days
• Field of Search: 382/100, 382135-139, 382162-167, 345/3.28, 345/3.3, 358/2.1, 358/452
• US Class Current: 382/100
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 15/02 using printers
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 1/0028 Adaptive watermarking, e.g. Human Visual System [HVS]-based watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2201/0051 Embedding of the watermark in the spatial domain
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32208 involving changing the magnitude of selected pixels, e.g. overlay of information or super-imposition H04N1/32219, H04N1/32224 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32309 in colour image data

Abstract

The present invention relates to digitally watermarking spot color images. In one embodiment, an original spot color is replaced with a combination of cyan (C), magenta (M) and yellow (Y) components and the original spot color. The CMY components convey a digital watermark. Preferably, a large percentage halftone process screens the spot color. This screened spot color is combined with the CMY components. Combining the CMY components with a large percentage halftone screening results in a watermarked image color that closely approximates to the original spot color. In another embodiment, a spot color is halftone-screened to a percentage of its original intensity. The screened-back spot color is modulated to accommodate a watermark signal.

Claims

1. A method of digital watermarking a spot color comprising:

providing a first multicolor approximation of the spot color;

based at least in part on the first multicolor approximation, providing multicolor components including a digital watermark signal; and

combining a percentage of the spot color with the multicolor components.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first multicolor approximation comprises cyan, magenta and yellow components.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the multicolor components comprise cyan, magenta and yellow components.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the percentage of the spot color comprising a halftone screening of the spot color.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein said combining step comprises a halftone screening process.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising providing an initial multicolor approximation, prior to the first multicolor approximation, wherein said first multicolor approximation is provided from the initial multicolor approximation.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein said initial multicolor approximation comprises cyan, magenta, yellow and black components.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said first multicolor approximation comprises cyan, magenta and yellow components.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the percentage of the spot color comprises halftone screening of the spot color.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein said combining comprises halftone screening.

11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising printing the combined spot color percentage and the multicolor components.

12. A digital watermarking method comprising:

screening a spot color; and

combining the screened spot color with multicolor components, wherein the multicolor components comprise at least cyan, magenta, and yellow, and wherein the multicolor components include hidden data.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein said combining comprises halftone screening.

14. The method according to claim 12, further comprising determining a percentage level for screening of the spot color.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein said determining comprises providing a fixed percentage for the spot color, and combining the fixed percentage for each pixel in an area comprising the spot color.

16. The method according to claim 14, wherein said determining comprises providing a percentage so as to render at least one of the multicolor components approximately zero.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the at least one multicolor component comprises zero.

18. A paper product comprising an image printed thereon, the printed image including a combination comprising a halftone-screening of a spot color ink, and at least cyan, magenta and yellow inks, wherein the cyan, magenta and yellow inks include a digital watermark signal.

19. A method of digital watermarking an image including a spot color comprising:

approximating the spot color with cyan, magenta and yellow components;

changing the cyan, magenta and yellow components to include a digital watermark;

combining the changed cyan, magenta and yellow components with a scaled spot color component; and

applying the combined components to a medium.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein said approximating includes approximating the spot color with a black component.

21. The method according to claim 19, further comprising approximating the spot color with cyan, magenta, yellow and black components.

22. A method of embedding a spot color area comprising:

screening the spot color area to a percentage of its original intensity; and

modulating of a set of pixels within the spot color area to comprise a watermark signal, wherein the screened spot color area varies in intensity or luminance, and said modulating adapts modulation of the watermark signal according to localized areas of intensity or luminance resulting in the watermark signal varying across the spot color area; and

applying the spot color area to a medium.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the watermark signal comprises negative intensity adjustments and positive intensity adjustments.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the mean of a set comprising the negative intensity adjustments and the positive intensity adjustments comprises zero.

25. The method according to claim 23, wherein an average of the negative intensity adjustments is greater than an average of the positive intensity adjustments.

26. The method according to claim 23, wherein an average of the positive intensity adjustments is greater than an average of the negative intensity adjustments.

27. The method according to claim 22, wherein said modulating comprises modulating the set of pixels to a predetermined watermark signal level.

28. The method according to claim 22, wherein said modulating comprises modulating the set of pixels in a dynamic range.