Electrochromic organic polymer synthesis and devices utilizing electrochromic organic polymers
First Claim
1. A digital window suitable for use with pixilated addressing, comprising:
- (a) a digital window including a plurality of individually addressable pixels arranged in a grid format, each pixel being switchable between a transparent state and non-transparent state by selectively applying a voltage thereto, each pixel comprising a laminated electrochromic structure having a cathodic electrochromic polymer layer and no anodic electrochromic polymer layer; and
(b) a plurality of electrical conductors coupled to each pixel, such that a voltage can be individually applied to each pixel.
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Abstract
Large contrast ratio and rapid switching laminated electrochromic (EC) polymer device includes transparent electrode, cathodic EC polymer, gel electrolyte, and counter-electrode. Preferably the cathodic EC polymer is a poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene) derivative, PProDOT-Me2. Counter-electrode is a conductive coating deposited on transparent substrate, with preferred coatings including gold and highly conductive carbon. Lithography and sputtering can be employed to pattern a gold layer, while screen printing can be employed to similarly pattern graphite. Empirical studies of preferred device indicate a color change of high contrast ratio of transmittance (>50% T) is rapidly (0.5–1s) obtained upon applied 2.5V, repeatable to at least 10,000 times, as estimated by electrochemistry. Dual layer EC devices including PProDOT-Me2 are also disclosed, as are methods for synthesizing preferred EC polymers. Preferred synthesis method for obtaining PProDOT-Me2 involves refluxing reagents in toluene in the presence of catalyst, while continually removing methanol byproduct from refluxing solution.
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Citations
14 Claims
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1. A digital window suitable for use with pixilated addressing, comprising:
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(a) a digital window including a plurality of individually addressable pixels arranged in a grid format, each pixel being switchable between a transparent state and non-transparent state by selectively applying a voltage thereto, each pixel comprising a laminated electrochromic structure having a cathodic electrochromic polymer layer and no anodic electrochromic polymer layer; and (b) a plurality of electrical conductors coupled to each pixel, such that a voltage can be individually applied to each pixel. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A multicolor display comprising:
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(a) a plurality of individually addressable pixels arranged in a grid format, each pixel being switchable between a transparent state and non-transparent state by applying a voltage, each pixel comprising a laminated electrochromic structure including a cathodic electrochromic polymer layer, at least some of the pixels further comprising an anodic polymer layer switchable between two different colors, the anodic polymer layer comprising poly[3,6-bis(2-(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene))-N-methylcarbazole]; and (b) a plurality of electrical conductors coupled to each pixel, such that a voltage can be selectively individually applied to each pixel. - View Dependent Claims (11)
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12. A digital window suitable for use with pixilated addressing, comprising:
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(a) a digital window including a plurality of individually addressable pixels arranged in a grid format, each pixel being switchable between a transparent state and non-transparent state by selectively applying a voltage thereto, each pixel comprising a laminated electrochromic structure including; (i) a transparent electrode; (ii) a cathodic electrochromic polymer layer comprising poly[3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxepine]; (iii) an electrolyte layer comprising a solid electrolyte; (iv) an anodic polymer layer; and (v) another transparent electrode; and (b) a plurality of electrical conductors coupled to each pixel, such that a voltage can be individually applied to each pixel. - View Dependent Claims (13)
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14. A digital window suitable for use with pixilated addressing, comprising:
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(a) a digital window including a plurality of individually addressable pixels arranged in a grid format, each pixel being switchable between a transparent state and non-transparent state by selectively applying a voltage thereto, each pixel comprising a laminated electrochromic structure including; (i) a transparent electrode; (ii) a cathodic electrochromic polymer layer; (iii) an electrolyte layer comprising a solid electrolyte; (iv) an anodic polymer layer comprising poly[3,6-bis(2-(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene))-N-methylcarbazole]; and (v) another transparent electrode; and (b) a plurality of electrical conductors coupled to each pixel, such that a voltage can be individually applied to each pixel.
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Specification