Wideband circularly polarized single layer compact microstrip antenna
First Claim
1. An electrically small, wideband circularly polarized compact microstrip antenna, comprising:
- a radiating arch on a top surface of a microstrip dielectric substrate, said radiating arch further comprising a plurality of arc-shaped segments terminating in straight edges defining a plurality of gaps between said segments;
said microstrip dielectric substrate being stacked on a conductive ground plane;
said radiating arch, being thinner than said dielectric substrate, and said dielectric substrate being at least as thick as said ground plane;
a center probe of a coaxial connector projects upwardly through said ground plane, said dielectric substrate and an opening in a first one of said segments, said opening having an opening diameter greater than a probe diameter of said center probe prevents an electrical contact between the said center probe and said first segment;
said antenna having a given length, AL, and a given bandwidth, generates a leaky wave radiation;
said radiating arch having an inner edge, an outer edge, a first straight end, a second straight end and a path length difference between said plurality of gaps, said inner edge being shorter than said outer edge;
said radiating arch generating a plurality of electrical fields perpendicular to said first end, said second end and said plurality of straight edges; and
said radiating arch, said perpendicular electrical fields and said path length difference permits said leaky wave radiation to leak by propagating under said segments, advantageously causing an increased bandwidth and resulting in a wideband circularly polarized radiation with a 47% bandwidth permitting a decreased antenna length, AD.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An electrically small wideband circularly polarized single layer compact microstrip antenna that permits a substantial reduction in antenna size is provided, by stacking a semicircular radiating arch on a dielectric substrate and a conductive ground plane that permits both a considerably reduced antenna length and significantly high efficiency antenna performance. The radiating arch is composed from a group of arc-shaped segments that are each separated by a gap, with one segment having an opening allowing a connector center probe to protrude upwards. In the preferred embodiment, the arc-shaped segments are arranged into a semicircle on the top surface of the dielectric substrate. Other embodiments include an array antenna and a method for decreasing a wideband circularly polarized compact microstrip antenna with a given length, AL.
99 Citations
60 Claims
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1. An electrically small, wideband circularly polarized compact microstrip antenna, comprising:
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a radiating arch on a top surface of a microstrip dielectric substrate, said radiating arch further comprising a plurality of arc-shaped segments terminating in straight edges defining a plurality of gaps between said segments; said microstrip dielectric substrate being stacked on a conductive ground plane; said radiating arch, being thinner than said dielectric substrate, and said dielectric substrate being at least as thick as said ground plane; a center probe of a coaxial connector projects upwardly through said ground plane, said dielectric substrate and an opening in a first one of said segments, said opening having an opening diameter greater than a probe diameter of said center probe prevents an electrical contact between the said center probe and said first segment; said antenna having a given length, AL, and a given bandwidth, generates a leaky wave radiation; said radiating arch having an inner edge, an outer edge, a first straight end, a second straight end and a path length difference between said plurality of gaps, said inner edge being shorter than said outer edge; said radiating arch generating a plurality of electrical fields perpendicular to said first end, said second end and said plurality of straight edges; and said radiating arch, said perpendicular electrical fields and said path length difference permits said leaky wave radiation to leak by propagating under said segments, advantageously causing an increased bandwidth and resulting in a wideband circularly polarized radiation with a 47% bandwidth permitting a decreased antenna length, AD. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. An electrically small, wideband circularly polarized compact microstrip antenna array, comprising:
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a plurality of radiating arches located on a top surface of a microstrip dielectric substrate, said plurality of radiating arches further comprising a plurality of arc-shaped segments terminating in straight edges defining a plurality of gaps between said segments; said microstrip dielectric substrate being stacked on a conductive ground plane; said radiating arches, being thinner than said dielectric substrate, and said dielectric substrate being at least as thick as said ground plane; each of said plurality of radiating arches having a first segment with an opening; a power supply network disposed beneath said ground plane feeds RF power to a plurality of center probes projecting upwardly through said ground plane, said dielectric substrate and said openings, said openings each having an opening diameter greater than a probe diameter of said center probe prevents an electrical contact between the said center probe and said first segments; said antenna array having a given antenna array length, AAL, and a given bandwidth, generates a leaky wave radiation, said antenna array being configured in a size of about one half of a wavelength; each of said plurality of radiating arches having an inner edge, an outer edge, a first straight end, a second straight end and a path length difference between said plurality of gaps, said inner edges being shorter than said outer edges; said plurality of radiating arches generating a plurality of electrical fields perpendicular to said first end, said second end and said plurality of straight edges; and said plurality of radiating arches, said perpendicular electrical fields and said path length differences permit said leaky wave radiation to leak by propagating under said segments, advantageously causing an increased bandwidth and resulting in a wideband circularly polarized radiation with a 47% bandwidth permitting a decreased antenna array length, AAD. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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32. An electrically small, wideband circularly polarized compact microstrip antenna, comprising:
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a radiating arch on a top surface of a microstrip dielectric substrate, said radiating arch further comprising a plurality of flat arc-shaped segments arranged in a semicircle, said segments terminating in straight edges defining a plurality of narrow gaps between said segments; said microstrip dielectric substrate being stacked on a conductive ground plane; said radiating arch, a thickness, t1, less than a thickness, t2, of said dielectric substrate, said thickness, t2, being greater than a thickness, t3, of said ground plane; a center probe of a coaxial connector projects upwardly through said ground plane, said dielectric substrate and an opening in a first one of said segments, said opening having an opening diameter greater than a probe diameter of said center probe prevents an electrical contact between the said center probe and said first segment; said antenna having a given length, AL, and a given bandwidth, generates a leaky wave radiation; said radiating arch having an inner edge, an outer edge, a first straight end, a second straight end and a path length difference between said plurality of gaps, said inner edge being shorter than said outer edge; said radiating arch generating a plurality of electrical fields perpendicular to said first end, said second end and said plurality of straight edges; and said radiating arch, said perpendicular electrical fields and said path length difference permits said leaky wave radiation to leak by propagating under said segments, advantageously causing an increased bandwidth and resulting in a wideband circularly polarized radiation with a 47% bandwidth permitting a decreased antenna length, AD. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46)
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47. A method for decreasing a wideband circularly polarized compact microstrip antenna with a given length, AL, comprising the steps of:
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arranging a plurality of flat arc-shaped segments in a semicircle, said segments terminating in straight edges defining a plurality of narrow gaps between said segments; forming a radiating arch from said segments, said radiating arch having an inner edge, an outer edge, a first straight end, a second straight end and a path length difference between said plurality of narrow gaps in said radiating arch, said inner edge being shorter than said outer edge; placing said radiating arch on a top surface of a microstrip dielectric substrate, said dielectric substrate being thicker than said radiating arch; stacking said microstrip dielectric substrate on a conductive ground plane, said dielectric substrate being at least as thick as said ground plane; projecting a center probe of a coaxial connector upwardly through said ground plane, said dielectric substrate and an opening in a first one of said segments, said opening having an opening diameter greater than a probe diameter of said center probe prevents an electrical contact between said center probe and said first segment; forming said antenna with said given length, AL, and a given bandwidth to generate a leaky wave radiation, said antenna being electrically small; generating a plurality of electrical fields perpendicular to said first end, said second end and said plurality of straight edges; and permitting said leaky wave radiation to leak by propagating under said segments, said radiating arch, said perpendicular electrical fields and said path length difference advantageously causing an increased bandwidth and resulting in a wideband circularly polarized radiation with a 47% bandwidth permitting a decreased antenna length, AD. - View Dependent Claims (48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60)
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Specification