Coating composition for multiple hydrophilic applications

• US 7,008,979 B2
• Filed: 09/27/2002
• Issued: 03/07/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hydromer, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Hydromer, Inc.
• Inventors: Gruening, Rainer, Hennessey, Patrick M., Schottman, Thomas C.
• Primary Examiner(s): SHOSHO, CALLIE E
• Application Number:
  US10/260,823
• Publication Number:
  US 20030203991A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,257 Days
• Field of Search: 523/334, 524/430, 524/431, 524/492, 524/502, 524/503, 524/507, 524/513, 524/522, 428/32.34, 428/32.38, 428/195.1, 428/32.3, 604/264
• US Class Current: 523/334
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 3/22 of metals
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 201/00 Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 5/00 Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced electrically insulating plastics, resins or waxes H01B3/30; Filling pastes
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/61 inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31504 Composite [nonstructural laminate]

Abstract

A coating composition is disclosed which comprises an aqueous polymeric matrix, a hydrophilic polymer, a colloidal metal oxide and a crosslinker. The coating composition when applied on medical devices is hydrophilic, shows improved lubricity, abrasion resistance and substrate adhesion on metallic or plastic substrates. The coating also shows improved water sheeting thus providing the coated substrates with anti-fog properties. The coating absorbs aqueous dye or stain solutions making the substrate suitable for printing.

Claims

1. An aqueous coating composition for providing the surface of an object with a durable hydrophilic coating comprising:

a) a multifunctional modified polyurethane carrier dispersed or emulsified in water, in a concentration from about 0.5 to about 15 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition, wherein said carrier forms a polymeric matrix upon drying or curing said coating composition;

b) a hydrophilic water-soluble organic monomer, oligomer, prepolymer, polymer or copolymer derived from N-vinylpyrrolidone, in a concentration from about 0.001 to about 10 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition;

c) a multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide, in a concentration from about 0.01 to about 25 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition; and

d) a multifunctional crosslinker;

wherein a coating of said composition is a durable hydrophilic coating upon drying or curing said coating.

2. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein the multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide is derived from a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silicon, titanium, zirconium, zinc, tin, silver and combinations thereof.

3. The coating composition according to claim 2, wherein said multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide is a combination of colloidal alumina and silica having a ratio of about 1:

10.

4. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein the colloidal metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of an aluminate, silicate, titanate, zincate, stannate, argentite, aluminum silicate, aluminum titanate, zirconate, zircoaluminate and a combination thereof.

5. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein the multifunctional crosslinker is a multifunctional compound of a type selected from the group consisting of aziridine, carbodiimide, oxirane, alcohol, glycydyl ether, glycidyl ester, carboxyl acid, amine, epoxide, vinyl sulfone, amide, allyl, prepolymeric resins of said multifunctional compounds and combinations thereof.

6. The coating composition according to claim 5, wherein the multifunctional aziridine is selected from the group consisting of trimethylolpropane tri-[.beta.-(N-aziridinyl)-propionate];

2,2-bishydroxymethyl butanoltris[3-(1-aziridine) propionate];

aziridine-2-methylol acrylate;

aziridine-2-methylol methacrylate;

N-(2-aziridinyl)methylacrylamide;

N-(2-aziridinyl)-methylmethacrylamide;

1-(aziridin-2-yl)-2-oxabut-3-ene;

4-(aziridin-2-yl)-but-1-ene;

5-(aziridin-2-yl)-pent-1-ene;

prepolymeric resins of said aziridine compounds; and

combinations thereof.

7. The coating composition according to claim 5, wherein the multifunctional carbodiimide is selected from the group consisting of a carbodiimide, prepolymeric resins of said multifunctional carbodiimides and combinations thereof.

8. The coating composition according to claim 5, wherein the multifunctional alcohol is selected from the group consisting of glycerin;

pentaerythritol;

pentaerythritol ethoxylate;

pentaerythritol propoxylate;

ethylene glycol;

diethylene glycol;

triethylene glycol;

tetraethylene glycol;

polyethylene glycol;

1,2,3-propanetriol;

polyglycerol;

propylene glycol;

1,2-propanediol;

1,3-propanediol;

trimethylol propane;

diethanolamine;

triethanolamine;

polyoxypropylene-oxyethylene-oxypropyle block copolymer;

sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters;

sorbitol;

a polyglycidyl ether compound; and

combinations thereof.

9. The coating composition according to claim 8, wherein said polyglycidyl ether compound is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerol polyglycidyl ether, diglycerol polyglycidyl ether, polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol polyglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether and a combination thereof.

10. The coating composition according to claim 5, wherein the multifuncional amine is selected from the group consisting of a melamine, hexamethylendiamine, hexamethylentetramine and guanidine.

11. The coating composition according to claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary agent for performance enhancement of the aqueous coating composition and/or the resulting hydrophilic coating of the said coated surface.

12. The coating composition according to claim 11, wherein the auxiliary agent is selected from the group consisting of a surfactant, a wetting agent, an emulsifier, a dye, pigment, colorant, UV absorber, radical scavenger, anti-oxidant, anti-corrosion agent, optical brightener, fluorescers, bleaches, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, non-activated enzymes, enzyme stabilizing systems, chelants, coating aid, metal catalyst, metal oxide catalyst, organometallic catalyst, filmforming promoter, hardener, linking accelerator, flow agent, leveling agent, defoaming agent, lubricant, matte particle, rheological modifier, thickener, conductive or non-conductive metal oxide particle, magnetic particle, anti-static agent, pH control agents, perfumes, biocide, pesticide, anti-fouling agent, antimicrobial agent, aligicide, bactericide, germicides, disinfectant, fungicide, bio-effecting agent, vitamin, drug, therapeutic agent and a combination thereof.

13. The coating composition according to claim 12, wherein said biocide is selected from the group consisting of parabens, formaldehyde releasers, haloalkyls, haloalkynyls, alkyl acids, aryl acids, isothiazolinons, quats, zinc oxide, zinc organics, iodine, povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, bronopol, triclosan, clotrimazol, propiconazole, tebuconazole, miconazole, tolnaphtate, clioquinol, colloidal silver, silver complexes, silver salts and combinations thereof.

14. The coating composition according to claim 12, wherein said antimicrobial agent is selected from the group consisting of antibiotics, antiseptics, disinfectants, tetracyclines, rifamycins, rapamycin, macrolides, penicilins, cephalosporins, beta-lactam antibiotics, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, sufonamides, glycopeptides, quinolones, ciprofloxacin, fusidic acid, trimethoprim, metronidazole, clindamycin, mupirocin, polyenes, azotes, fluconazole and beta-lactam inhibitors.

15. A coating composition according to claim 12, wherein said therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, topical antipuritics, anti-itch agents, steroids, dermatological agents, anthralin coal tar extracts, keratolytic agents, local anaesthetic agents, anti-acne agents, vitamin A and wart removing agents.

16. A coating composition according to claim 12, wherein said drug is selected from the group consisting of taxol, paclitaxel, dexamethasone, heparin, tacrolimus, everolimus, cyclosporins, sirolimus, aspirin, hirudin, a nitric oxide releasing drug, angiopeptin, enoxaprin, pyrolytic carbon, silicon carbide, and combinations thereof.

17. The coating composition according to claim 11, wherein the auxiliary agent includes a radiopaque agent.

18. The coating composition according to claim 17, wherein the radiopaque agent is up to 75% by weight of the solids of the coating composition.

19. A coating composition according to claim 17, wherein said radiopaque agent is selected from the group consisting of diatrizoate, iothalamate, metrizoate, iodipamide, triiodobenzoic acid, iothalamic acid, iopanoic or iodopanoic acid, triiodophenyl acid, iodothalamic acid, iodine, iodides, bromine, perfluorooctyl bromide, barium sulfate, samarium, erbium, bismuth trioxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, gold, platinum, silver, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, gold, titanium, iridium, platinum, rhenium and combinations thereof.

20. The coating composition according to claim 11, wherein the concentration of the auxiliary agent is from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight.

21. The coating composition according to claim 20, wherein the concentration of the auxiliary agent is from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight.

22. The coating composition according to claim 11, wherein the auxiliary agent includes at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of alcohols, alkylketones, arylalkylketones, ketoalcohols, cyclic ketones, heterocyclic ketones, ethers, cyclic ethers, esters, and combinations thereof.

23. The coating composition according to claim 11, wherein the auxiliary agent is chemically bonded and/or physically incorporated into the aqueous coating composition or incorporated into the finished hydrophilic coating on the surface of the object.

24. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein said coating composition is in the form of a gel.

25. The coating composition according to claim 24, wherein said gel is used for topical transdermal application as a medical gel for wound dressing in human or animal application.

26. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic water-soluble organic monomer, oligomer, prepolymer, polymer or copolymer concentration is from about 0.25% to about 10% by weight.

27. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein the multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide concentration is from about 0.25% to about 20% by weight.

28. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein the cross linker concentration is from about 0.001 to about 8% by weight.

29. The coating composition according to claim 28, wherein the cross linker concentration is from about 0.01% to about 3% by weight.

30. The coating composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one organic solvent in an amount from 0.5% to 50% and water in an amount from 1% to 95% by weight.

31. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the object consists of a metal, metal alloy, plastic, glass, human skin or animal skin.

32. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein said hydrophilic coating, formed by coating said surface with said coating composition and drying or curing said composition, exhibits improved water wetting ability after rewetting said dried or cured coating.

33. The coating composition according to claim 32, wherein said coating exhibits a reduction in contact angle after being wetted with water compared to the dry coating.

34. The coating composition according to claim 32, wherein said hydrophilic coating, formed by coating said surface with said coating composition and drying or curing said composition, exhibits a reduction in friction compared to the uncoated surface when each are wetted with water.

35. The coating composition according to claim 34, wherein said reduction is about 95%.

36. The coating composition according to claim 34, wherein said hydrophilic coating retains its lubricity after repeated moistening and drying cycles.

37. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein said colloidal metal oxide is present in an amount sufficient to provide a coating having-improved lubricity when wetted compared to a similar coating without said colloidal metal oxide.

38. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein said colloidal metal oxide is present in an amount sufficient to provide a coating having inreased-aqueous solution uptake compared to a similar coating without said colloidal metal oxide.

39. The coating composition according to claim 38, wherein said aqueous solution uptake is increased by about 100 wt %.

40. A medical device for introduction into a human or animal body, comprising a hydrophilic coating on at least one surface of said device, said hydrophilic coating formed from-an aqueous coating composition-comprising:

a) a multifunctional polymeric carrier dispersed or emulsified in water, in a concentration from about 0.5 to about 15 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition, wherein said carrier forms a polymeric matrix upon drying or curing said coating composition;

b) a hydrophilic water-soluble organic monomer, oligomer, prepolymer, polymer or copolymer, in a concentration from about 0.001 to about 25 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition;

c) a multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide, in a concentration from about 0.01 to about 25 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition; and

d) a multifunctional crosslinker;

wherein a coating of said composition is a durable hydrophilic coating upon drying or curing said coating.

41. The coating composition according to claim 40, wherein the dispersed or emulsified multifunctional polymeric carrier is selected from the group consisting of a modified polymeric urethane, urea, ester, ether, carbonate, vinyl, acrylic, methacrylic, alkyd, acrylamide, maleic anhydride, an epoxy prepolymer and combinations thereof.

42. The coating composition according to claim 40, wherein the hydrophilic organic monomer, oligomer, prepolymer or copolymer is derived from vinyl alcohol, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinyl lactam, acrylamide, amide, styrenesulfonic acid, combination of vinylbutyral and N-vinylpyrrolidone, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, vinylmethyl ether, vinylpyridylium halide, melamine, maleic anhydride/methyl vinyl ether, vinylpyridine, ethyleneoxide, ethyleneoxide ethylene imine, glycol, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate/crotonic acid, methyl cellulose;

ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, starch, gelatin, albumin, casein, gum, alginate, hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, ethylene glycol (meth)acrylates, N-alkyl (meth) acrylamides, N,N-dialkyl (meth)acrylamides, N-hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylamide polymers, N,N-dihydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylamide polymers, ether polyols, polyethylene oxide, polypropyleneoxide,poly(vinyl ether), alkylvinyl sulfones, alkylvinylsulfone-acrylates or a combination thereof.

43. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein the device is at least partially made of a metal or metal alloy selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, nickel, nickel-cobalt, titanium, NiTi, tantalum, nitinol, rare earth metal, silver, gold, platinum;

tungsten, combinations thereof and alloys or plated articles thereof.

44. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein the device is at least partially made of a plastic material selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyethers, polyesters, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, silicone rubbers, rubber latex, polyester-polyether copolymers, ethylene methacrylates, polymeric phthalates, silicone, natural and synthetic rubbers, nylon, polyamide, fluorinated plastic materials and combinations thereof.

45. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein the device is at least partially made of glass.

46. The medical device according to claim 45, wherein said glass is selected from the group consisting of optical glasses, optical lenses, polarizing glasses, mirrors, optical mirrors, prisms and quartz glass.

47. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein said hydrophilic coating is formed by applying said aqueous coating composition to the surface of said device by dipping, brushing, flooding, spraying, electrolytic depositing, electrostatic spraying, electroplating, vacuum treatment, pressure treatment or combinations thereof.

48. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein said device is in the form of a tube, capillary, wire, sheet, coil, rod, lattice or network of wires.

49. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein the device is a surgical rod, a guidewire, a guidewire tube, a coiled guiding tube, a catheter, a coiled catheter, an expendable or non-expendable stent, an electrodal coil, a needle, a blade, a metallic medical device, a tablet, a capsule, a fiber, a wound dressing, a suture thread, a balloon, a foil, a guiding tube, an ocular lens delivery device, or a wound drain.

50. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein said hydrophilic coating is non-toxic and non-deleterious to living tissue.

51. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein said hydrophilic coating is directly coated on said at least one surface of said device.

52. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein said at least one surface of said device is coated with a primer and said hydrophilic. coating is directly coated on said primer.

53. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein said coated surface exhibits a reduction in friction compared to the uncoated surface when each are wetted with water.

54. The medical device according to claim 53, wherein said coated surface retains its lubricity after repeated moistening and drying cycles.

55. The medical device according to claim 53, wherein said coated surface has a reduction in friction of about 95% when wet compared to the uncoated surface.

56. The-medical device according to claim 40, wherein said multifunctional polymeric carrier is a modified polymeric polyurethane and said hydrophilic water-soluble organic monomer, oligomer, prepolymer, polymer or copolymer is derived from N-vinylpyrrolidone.

57. The medical device according to claim 56, wherein said colloidal metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of an aluminate, silicate, titanate, zincate, stannate, argentite, aluminums silicate, aluminum titanate, zirconate, zircoaluminate and a combination thereof.

58. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein the multifunctional crosslinker is a multifunctional compound of a type selected from the group consisting of aziridine, carbodiimide, oxirane, alcohol, glycydyl ether, glycidyl ester, carboxyl acid, amine, epoxide, vinyl sulfone, amide, allyl, prepolymeric resins of said multifunctional compounds and combinations thereof.

59. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein the coating composition further comprises an auxiliary agent selected from the group consisting of a surfactant, a wetting agent, an emulsifier, a dye, pigment, colorant, UV absorber, radical scavenger, anti-oxidant, anti-corrosion agent, optical brightener, fluorescers, bleaches, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, non-activated enzymes, enzyme stabilizing systems, chelants, coating aid, metal catalyst, metal oxide catalyst, organometallic catalyst, filmforming promoter, hardener, linking accelerator, flow agent, leveling agent, defoaming agent, lubricant, matte particle, rheological modifier, thickener, conductive or non-conductive metal oxide particle, magnetic particle, anti-static agent, pH control agents, perfumes, biocide, pesticide, anti-fouling agent antimicrobial agent, aligicide, bactericide, germicides, disinfectant, fungicide, bio-effecting agent, vitamin, drug, therapeutic agent and a combination thereof.

60. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein the hydrophilic water-soluble organic monomer, oligomer, prepolymer, polymer or copolymer concentration is from about 0.25% to about 10% by weight.

61. The medical device according to claim 40, wherein the multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide concentration is from about 0.25% to about 20% by weight.

62. An aqueous coating composition for providing the surface of an object with a durable antifog coating comprising:

a) a multifunctional modified polyurethane carrier dispersed or emulsified in water, in a concentration from about 0.5 to about 15 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition, wherein said carrier forms a polymeric matrix upon drying or curing said coating composition;

b) a hydrophilic water-soluble organic monomer, oligomer, prepolymer, polymer or copolymer derived from N-vinylpyrrolidone, in a concentration from about 0.001 to about 10 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition;

c) a multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide, in a concentration from about 0.01 to about 25 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition; and

d) a multifunctional crosslinker;

wherein a coating of said composition is a durable antifog coating upon drying or curing said coating.

63. The coating composition according to claim 62, wherein the multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide is derived from a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silicon, titanium, zirconium, zinc, tin, silver and a combination thereof.

64. The coating composition according to claim 63, wherein said multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide is a combination of colloidal alumina and silica having a ratio of about 1:

10.

65. The coating composition according to claim 62, wherein the colloidal metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of an aluminate, silicate, titanate, zincate, stannate, argentite, aluminum silicate, aluminum titanate, zirconate zircoaluminate, and a combination thereof.

66. The coating composition according to claim 62, wherein the multifunctional crosslinker is a multifunctional compound of a type selected from the group consisting of aziridine, carbodiimide, oxirane, alcohol, glycydyl ether, glycidyl ester, carboxyl, amine, epoxide, vinyl sulfone, amide, allyl, prepolymeric resins of said multifunctional compounds and combinations thereof.

67. The coating composition according to claim 66, wherein the multifunctional aziridine compound is selected from the group consisting of trimethylolpropane tri-[.beta.-(N-aziridinyl)-propionate];

2,2-bishydroxymethyl butanoltris[3-(1-aziridine) propionate];

aziridine-2-methylol acrylate;

aziridine-2-methylol methacrylate;

N-(2-aziridinyl)methylacrylamide;

N-(2-aziridinyl)-methylmethacrylamide;

1-(aziridin-2-yl)-2-oxabut-3-ene;

4-(aziridin-2-yl)-but-1-ene;

5-(aziridin-2-yl)-pent-1-ene;

prepolymeric resins of said aziridine compounds; and

combinations thereof.

68. The coating composition according to claim 66, wherein the multifunctional carbodiimide is selected from the group consisting of a carbodiimide, prepolymeric resins of said multifunctional carbodiimides and combinations thereof.

69. The coating composition according to claim 66, wherein the multifunctional alcohol is selected from the group consisting of glycerin, pentaerythritol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol;

1,2,3-propanetriol, polyglycerol, propylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, trimethylol propane, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, polyoxypropylene oxyethylene-oxypropyle block copolymer, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, pentaerythritol derivatives, sorbitol, a polyglycidyl ether compound and combinations thereof.

70. The coating composition according to claim 69, wherein said polyglycidyl ether compound is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerol polyglycidyl ether, diglycerol polyglycidyl ether, polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol polyglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, and propylene glycol diglycidyl ether and a combination thereof.

71. The coating composition according to claim 66, wherein said multifunctional amine is selected from the group consisting of a melamine, hexamethylendiamine, hexamethylentetramine, and guanidine.

72. The coating composition according to claim 62, further comprising at least one auxiliary agent for performance enhancement of the aqueous coating composition and/or the resulting hydrophilic coating of said coated surface.

73. The coating composition according to claim 72, wherein the auxiliary agent is selected from the group consisting of a surfactant, a wetting agent, an:

emulsifier, a dye, pigment, colorant, UV absorber, radical scavenger, anti-oxidant, anti-corrosion agent, optical brightener, fluorescers, bleaches, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, non-activated enzymes, enzyme stabilizing systems, chelants, coating aid, flow agent, leveling agent, defoaming agent, lubricant, matte particle, rheological modifier, thickener, conductive or non-conductive metal oxide particle, magnetic particle, anti-static agent, pH control agents;

perfumes, biocide, pesticide, anti-fouling agent, algicide, antimicrobial agent, bactericide, germicides, disinfectant, fungicide, bio-effecting agent, vitamin and a combination thereof.

74. The coating composition according to claim 72, wherein said auxiliary agent includes a radiopaque agent.

75. The coating composition according to claim 74, wherein the radiopaque agent is up to 75% of the solids of the coating composition.

76. The coating composition according to claim 74, wherein said radiopaque agent is selected from the group consisting of diatrizoate, iothalamate, metrizoate, iodipamide, triiodobenzoic acid, iothalamic acid, iopanoic acid, triiodophenyl acid, iodothalamic acid, iodine, iodides, bromine, perfluorooctyl bromide, barium sulfate samarium, erbium, bismuth trioxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, gold, platinum, silver, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, gold, titanium, iridium, platinum, rhenium and combinations thereof.

77. A metal, plastic or glass object having enhanced x-ray and radar visibility combined with anti-fog and lubricious properties, comprising a hydrophilic coating on at least one surface of said objected, said hydrophilic coating formed from the aqueous coating composition of claim 76.

78. The object according to claim 77, wherein the object is selected from the group consisting of passenger balloons, weather balloons, small airplanes, RF-shields, small boats, lifebuoys, lifeboats and life rafts.

79. The coating composition according to claim 72, wherein the concentration of the auxiliary agent is from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight.

80. The coating composition according to claim 79, wherein the concentration of the auxiliary agent from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight.

81. The coating composition according to claim 62, wherein the hydrophilic water-soluble organic monomer, oligomer, prepolymer, polymer or copolymer concentration is from about 0.25% to about 10% by weight.

82. The coating composition according to claim 62, wherein the multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide concentration is from about 0.25% to about 20% by weight.

83. The coating composition according to claim 62, wherein the cross linker concentration is from about 0.001 to about 8% by weight.

84. The coating composition according to claim 83, wherein the cross linker, concentration is from about 0.01% to about 3% by weight.

85. The coating composition according to claim 62, wherein the composition further comprises an organic solvent in an amount from 0.5% to 50% and water in an amount from 1% to 95% by weight.

86. The coating composition according to claim 85, wherein said organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, alkylketones, arylalkylketones, ketoalcohols, cyclic ketones, heterocyclic ketones, ethers, cyclic ethers, esters and combinations thereof.

87. The coating composition according to claim 62, wherein said antifog coating, formed by coating said surface with said coating composition and drying or curing said composition, exhibits improved water wetting ability after rewetting said coating.

88. The coating composition according to claim 87, wherein said coating exhibits a reduction in contact angle after being wetted with water compared to the dry coating.

89. The coating composition according to claim 62, wherein said antifog coating, formed by coating said surface with said coating composition and drying or curing said composition, exhibits a reduction in friction compared to the uncoated surface when each are wetted with water.

90. The coating composition according to claim 89, wherein said reduction is about 95%.

91. The coating composition according to claim 89, wherein said antifog coating retains its lubricity after repeated moistening and drying cycles.

92. The coating composition according to claim 62, wherein said colloidal metal oxide is present in an amount sufficient to provide a coating having improved lubricity when wetted compared to a similar coating without said colloidal metal oxide.

93. The coating composition according to claim 62, wherein said colloidal metal oxide is present in an amount sufficient to provide a coating having inreased-aqueous solution uptake compared to a similar coating without said colloidal metal oxide.

94. The coating composition according to claim 93, wherein said-aqueous solution uptake is increased by about 100 wt %.

112. The object according to claim 72, wherein said colloidal metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of an aluminate, silicate, titanate, zincate, stannate, argentite, aluminum silicate, aluminum titanate, zirconate, zircoaluminate and a combination thereof.

95. An object having anti-fog properties, comprising an object having a hydrophilic coating on at least one surface of said object which has antifog properties, said hydrophilic coating formed from an aqueous coating composition comprising:

a) a multifunctional modified polyurethane carrier dispersed or emulsified in water, in a concentration from about 0.5 to about 15 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition, wherein said carrier forms a polymeric matrix upon drying or curing said coating composition;

a hydrophilic water-soluble organic monomer, oligomer, prepolymer, polymer or copolymer derived from N-vinylpyrrolidone, in a concentration from about 0.001 to about 10 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition;

c) a multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide, in a concentration from about 0.01 to about 25 wt %, based on the total weight of the coating composition; and

d) a multifunctional crosslinker;

wherein a coating of said composition is a durable antifog coating upon drying or curing said coating.

96. The object according to claim 95, wherein the surface of said object consists of a metal, metal alloy, plastic or glass or a combination thereof, prior to coating with said coating composition, and has anti-fog properties, upon coating with said coating composition.

97. The object according to claim 96, wherein said surface is lubricious, upon coating with said coating composition.

98. The object according to claim 97, wherein said coated surface exhibits a reduction in friction compared to the uncoated surface when each are wetted with water.

99. The object according to claim 98, wherein said coated surface retains its lubricity after repeated moistening and drying cycles.

100. The object according to claim 98, wherein said lubricious surface has a reduction in friction of about 95% when wet compared to the uncoated surface.

101. The object according to claim 96, wherein said metal or metal alloy is made of a metal or metal alloy selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, iron, zinc, carbon steel, stainless steel, nickel, nickel-cobalt, chromium, titanium, tantalum, rare earth metal, silver, gold, platinum, tungsten, vanadium, cupper, brass, bronze and combinations thereof.

102. The object according to claim 96, wherein said plastic is a material selected from the group consisting of transparent or non-transparent polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyethers, polyesters, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate, silicone rubbers, rubber latex, polyester-polyether copolymers, ethylene methacrylates, polyphthalates, silicone;

natural and synthetic rubbers, nylon, polyamide, fluorinated-plastic materials thereof and combinations thereof.

103. The object according to claim 102, wherein said plastic is polycarbonate and wherein said coated object can be recycled without yellowing, when 30% recycled material of said object is combined with 70% virgin polycarbonate and the combination is recycled.

104. The object according to claim 96, wherein said glass is selected from the group consisting of optical glasses, optical lenses, polarizing glasses, mirrors, optical mirrors, prisms, quartz glass and ceramics.

105. The object according to claim 96, wherein said hydrophilic coating prevents the formation of water droplets on the surface of the metal, metal alloy, plastic or glass object and provides the surface of the objects with anti-fog, anti-glare and lubricious properties.

106. The object according to claim 96, wherein the object having a metal or metal alloy surface includes freezer doors, green house construction, mirrors, condenser pipes, cooling plates, cooling fins, ship hulls, underwater vehicles, underwater projectiles or airplanes.

107. The object according to claim 96, wherein the object having a plastic surface includes face shields, helmet shields, swim goggles, surgeon face shields, food packaging plastic foil, greenhouse walls, greenhouse roofs, mirrors, wind shields, underwater moving objects, airplane window shields or passenger air-balloons.

108. The object according to claim 96, wherein the object having a glass surface includes window glasses, greenhouse glasses, glass sheets, face shields, optical glasses, optical lenses polarizing glasses, mirrors, optical mirrors, prisms, quartz glass, parabolic antennas, automobile head beam light glasses, automobile windshields, airplane control light glasses or runway lights.

109. The object according to claim 95, wherein said hydrophilic coating is formed by applying said aqueous coating composition to the surface of said object by dipping, brushing, roller-coating, flooding, spraying, electrolytic depositing, electrostatic spraying, electroplating, vacuum treatment, pressure treatment or combination thereof.

110. The object according to claim 95, wherein said hydrophilic coating is directly coated on said at least one surface of said object.

111. The object according to claim 95, wherein said at least one surface of said object is coated with a primer and said hydrophilic coating is directly coated on said primer.

113. The object according to claim 95, wherein them multifunctional crosslinker is a multifunctional compound of a type selected from the group consisting of aziridine, carbodiimide, oxirane, alcohol, glycydyl ether, glycidyl ester, carboxyl acid, amine, epoxide, vinyl sulfone, amide, allyl, prepolymeric resins of said multifunctional compounds and combinations thereof.

114. The object according to claim 95, wherein the coating composition further comprises an auxiliary agent selected from the group consisting of a surfactant, a wetting agent, an emulsifier, a dye, pigment, colorant, UV absorber, radical scavenger, anti-oxidant, anti-corrosion agent, optical brightener, fluorescers, bleaches, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, non-activated enzymes, enzyme stabilizing systems, chelants, coating aid, metal catalyst, metal oxide catalyst, organometallic catalyst, filmforming promoter, hardener, linking accelerator, flow agent, leveling agent, defoaming agent, lubricant, matte particle, rheological modifier, thickener, conductive or non-conductive metal oxide particle, magnetic particle, anti-static agent, pH control agents, perfumes, biocide, pesticide, anti-fouling agent, antimicrobial agent, aligicide, bactericide, germicides, disinfectant, fungicide, bio-effecting agent, vitamin, drug, therapeutic agent and a combination thereof.

115. The object according to claim 95, wherein the hydrophilic water-soluble organic monomer, oligomer, prepolymer, polymer or copolymer concentration is from about 0.25% to about 10% by weight.

116. The object according to claim 95, wherein the multifunctional aqueous colloidal metal oxide concentration is from about 0.25% to about 20% by weight.