Multiple access method and system
First Claim
1. A method of transmitting a Carrier Interference Multiple Access (CIMA) communication signal comprising generating (14n) a plurality of electromagnetic carrier signals having a plurality of frequencies and modulating (12) the carrier signals with at least one information signal, the method characterized by:
- providing the carriers with at least one predetermined phase space (16n), each phase space mapping a data symbol to one of a plurality of pulse waveforms generated from a superposition of the carriers and centered at a predetermined instant in time, the pulse waveforms being positioned substantially orthogonally in time, andcombining (24) the modulated, phase-offset carrier signals into at least one communication channel to generate interference between the modulated, phase-offset carrier signals for providing at least one transmitted CIMA signal having a plurality of multi-frequency carrier-signal components.
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0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A wireless communication system transmits data on multiple carriers simultaneously to provide frequency diversity. Carrier interference causes a narrow pulse in the time domain when the relative phases of the multiple carriers are zero. Selection of the frequency separation and phases of the carriers controls the timing of the pulses. Both time division of the pulses and frequency division of the carriers achieves multiple access. Carrier interferometry is a basis from which other communication protocols can be derived. Frequency hopping and frequency shifting of the carriers does not change the pulse envelope if the relative frequency separation and phases between the carriers are preserved. Direct sequence CDMA signals are generated in the time domain by a predetermined selection of carrier amplitudes. Each pulse can be sampled in different phase spaces at different times. This enables communication in phase spaces that are not detectable by conventional receivers. The time-dependent phase relationship of the carriers provides automatic scanning of a beam pattern transmitted by an antenna array. In waveguide communications, the carrier frequencies and phase space may be matched to the chromatic dispersion of an optical fiber to increase the capacity of the fiber.
308 Citations
91 Claims
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1. A method of transmitting a Carrier Interference Multiple Access (CIMA) communication signal comprising generating (14n) a plurality of electromagnetic carrier signals having a plurality of frequencies and modulating (12) the carrier signals with at least one information signal, the method characterized by:
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providing the carriers with at least one predetermined phase space (16n), each phase space mapping a data symbol to one of a plurality of pulse waveforms generated from a superposition of the carriers and centered at a predetermined instant in time, the pulse waveforms being positioned substantially orthogonally in time, and combining (24) the modulated, phase-offset carrier signals into at least one communication channel to generate interference between the modulated, phase-offset carrier signals for providing at least one transmitted CIMA signal having a plurality of multi-frequency carrier-signal components. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 91)
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19. In a method of receiving Carrier Interference Multiple Access (CIMA) communication signals comprising receiving (52) at least one transmitted CIMA signal from at least one communication channel to produce a plurality of received multi-frequency carrier-signal components, the improvement comprising:
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providing phase-space compensation to the carrier-signal components (60mn), each phase space corresponding to a data symbol mapped onto one of a plurality of pulse waveforms generated from a superposition of carriers and centered at a predetermined instant in time, the pulse waveforms being positioned substantially orthogonally in time, and combining (62m) the multi-frequency carrier-signal components in phase to generate at least one constructive-interference signal indicative of at least one information signal. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. A method of communication between at least one transmitter and at least one receiver comprising generating (14n) a plurality of electromagnetic carrier signals, the carrier signals having a plurality of frequencies, and modulating (12) the carrier signals with at least one information signal, the method characterized by:
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providing the carriers with at least one predetermined phase space (16n), each phase space mapping a data symbol to one of a plurality of pulse waveforms generated from a superposition of the carriers and centered at a predetermined instant in time, the pulse waveforms being positioned substantially orthogonally in time, combining (24) the modulated, phase-offset carrier signals in at least one communication channel to generate interference between the modulated, phase-offset carrier signals for providing at least one transmitted CIMA signal having a plurality of multi-frequency carrier-signal components, receiving (52) the at least one transmitted CIMA signal from the at least one communication channel to produce a plurality of received multi-frequency carrier-signal components, combining (62m) the multi-frequency carrier-signal components in phase to generate at least one constructive-interference signal indicative of at least one information signal. - View Dependent Claims (26)
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27. An electromagnetic-wave transmitter comprising a multicarrier generator (14n) capable of generating a plurality of electromagnetic carrier signals having a plurality of frequencies, and a carrier modulator (12) capable of modulating the carrier signals with at least one information signal, the improvement comprising:
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a phase-space controller (16n) adapted to provide the carriers with at least one predetermined phase space, each phase space mapping a data symbol to one of a plurality of pulse waveforms generated from a superposition of the carriers and centered at a predetermined instant in time, the pulse waveforms being positioned substantially orthogonally in time, and an output coupler (24) capable of combining the modulated, phased carriers in at least one communication channel to produce at least one CIMA signal having a plurality of carrier-signal components. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
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42. An electromagnetic-wave receiver having a receiving element (52) capable of receiving transmitted multicarrier signals characterized by information modulated onto at least one phase space from a communication channel for providing at least one set of received multi-frequency carrier-signal components, the improvement comprising:
a combiner (62mn) capable of combining the plurality of received multi-frequency carrier-signal components with respect to the at least one phase space to produce at least one constructive interference signal comprising at least one information signal modulated onto at least one of a plurality of pulse waveforms generated from a superposition of the at least one set of received multi-frequency carrier-signal components, the plurality of pulse waveforms being positioned substantially orthogonally in time. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49)
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50. A carrier-interference multiple-access (CIMA) communication system comprising:
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an electromagnetic-wave transmitter comprising a multicarrier generator (14n) capable of generating a plurality of electromagnetic carrier signals having a plurality of frequencies, and a carrier modulator (12) capable of modulating the carrier signals with at least one information signal, the improvement comprising; a phase-space controller (16n) adapted to provide the carriers with at least one predetermined phase space, each phase space mapping a data symbol to one of a plurality of pulse waveforms generated from a superposition of the carriers and centered at a predetermined instant in time, the pulse waveforms being positioned substantially orthogonally in time, an output coupler (24) capable of combining the modulated, phased carriers in at least one communication channel to produce at least one CIMA signal having a plurality of carrier-signal components, and an electromagnetic-wave receiver having a receiving element (52) capable of receiving transmitted signals from a communication channel for providing at least one set of received multi-frequency carrier-signal components, the improvement comprising; a combiner (62mn) capable of combining the plurality of received multi-frequency carrier-signal components in phase to produce at least one constructive interference signal indicative of at least one information signal. - View Dependent Claims (51)
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52. In a method for generating at least one spread-spectrum signal having at least one predetermined time-domain characteristic, the method comprising generating a plurality of carrier signals, the improvement comprising:
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providing the carrier signals with at least one predetermined phase space (16n), each phase space corresponding to at least one pulse waveform generated from a superposition of the carriers and centered at a predetermined instant in time, providing at least one predetermined gain profile to the carrier signals (18n) to shape the at least one pulse waveform, and combining (20) the at least one pulse waveform having the at least one predetermined time-domain characteristic. - View Dependent Claims (53, 54, 55)
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56. A spread-spectrum signal generator comprising a multicarrier generator (14n) capable of generating a plurality of electromagnetic carrier signals having a plurality of frequencies, the improvement comprising:
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a phase-space controller (16n) capable of applying a plurality of incremental phase offsets to the carrier signals for providing the carrier signals with a predetermined phase space at a predetermined time interval, a gain controller (18n) capable of providing a predetermined gain profile to the carrier signals, and a combiner (20) capable of combining the modulated, phased carriers to produce a spread spectrum signal from at least one superposition of the carrier signals. - View Dependent Claims (57, 58)
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59. A method of processing a received multi-carrier signal representing a plurality of symbols and including a plurality of carriers, a subset of said plurality of carriers being allocated to at least one user, the method including:
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providing for performing a time domain to frequency domain transform operation on the plurality of carriers to generate a frequency-domain signal therefrom; providing for filtering the frequency-domain signal to remove at least one carrier in said plurality of carriers that are not included in said subset of carriers; performing a frequency domain to time domain transform operation on the filtered frequency-domain signal to generate a filtered time-domain signal; and recovering symbols transmitted to the at least one user from the filtered time-domain signal. - View Dependent Claims (60)
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61. A method of processing at least one received multicarrier signal to generate at least one data-symbol value, the at least one received multicarrier signal comprising at least two data symbols encoded on at least one common subcarrier and occupying at least one common symbol period simultaneously, the method including;
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providing for performing a channel-compensation operation on the at least one received multicarrier signal; and providing for mapping values of the received multicarrier signal after channel compensation at instants in time used to transmit the at least one data-symbol value. - View Dependent Claims (62)
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63. A method of receiving at least one data symbol spread by at least one carrier interferometry (CI) code across a plurality of multi-frequency carriers, the at least one CI code configured to map the at least one data symbol to at least one pulse waveform produced by a superposition of the plurality of multi-frequency carriers and centered at a predetermined instant in time, the method including:
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providing for selecting a plurality of received multi-frequency carriers within a predetermined bandwidth; providing for generating at least one received pulse waveform from a superposition of selected multi-frequency carriers; and providing for estimating the at least one data symbol impressed on the at least one received pulse waveforms. - View Dependent Claims (64)
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65. A receiver adapted to receive at least one data symbol spread by at least one carrier interferometry (CI) code across a plurality of multi-frequency carriers the at least one CI code configured to map the at least one data symbol to at least one pulse waveform produced by a superposition of the plurality of multi-frequency carriers and centered at a predetermined instant in time, the receiver including:
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a filter adapted to select a predetermined set of received multi-frequency carriers; a combiner coupled to the filter, the combiner adapted to combine the received multi-frequency carriers to produce at least one modulated pulse waveform; and a decision device coupled to the combiner, the decision device adapted to generate at least one estimate of the at least one data symbol from the at least one modulated pulse waveform. - View Dependent Claims (66)
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67. A receiver adapted to receive at least one data symbol spread by at least one carrier interferometry (CI) code across a plurality of multi-frequency carriers, the at least one CI code configured to map the at least one data symbol to at least one pulse waveform produced by a superposition of the plurality of multi-frequency carriers and centered at a predetermined instant in time, the receiver including:
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a filter adapted to select a predetermined set of received multi-frequency carriers; a combiner coupled to the filter, the combiner adapted to optimally combine the set of received multi-frequency carriers in the presence of at least one of interference and multipath to generate at least one signal indicative of a modulated pulse waveform; and a decision device coupled to the combiner, the decision device adapted to generate at least one estimate of the at least one data symbol from the at least one signal indicative of the modulated pulse waveform. - View Dependent Claims (68)
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69. An apparatus for receiving a frequency division multiplexed signal representing a plurality of symbols and including a plurality of carriers, a subset of said plurality of carriers being allocated to at least one user, the apparatus including:
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a time to frequency domain transform module adapted to generate a frequency-domain signal from the frequency division multiplexed signal; a filter adapted to filter at least one carrier from the frequency domain signal other than those included in the subset to thereby generate a filtered frequency-domain signal; a frequency to time domain transform module adapted to perform a frequency domain to time domain transform operation on the filtered frequency-domain signal to thereby generate a time-domain signal; and a decision module coupled to the frequency to time domain transform module for mapping received signal values at points in time to estimated symbol values. - View Dependent Claims (70)
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71. A multicarrier signal receiver adapted to receive at least one multicarrier signal, the receiver including:
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a channel-compensation module adapted to perform a channel compensation operation on the multicarrier signal; and a decision module adapted to map values of the multicarrier signal after channel compensation at instants in time used to transmit symbol values, the multicarrier signal comprising the symbol values modulated onto at least one of a plurality of pulse waveforms generated from a superposition of the at least one set of received multi-frequency carrier-signal components, each of the pulse waveforms being centered at a predetermined instant in time. - View Dependent Claims (72)
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73. A method of generating a multicarrier communication signal transmitted by a communication device, the method including:
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providing a symbol duration having equally spaced time instants; allocating a predetermined set of carrier frequencies to the communication device; receiving as input data, data symbols to be transmitted by the multicarrier communication signal; mapping the data symbols to the equally spaced time instants in the symbol duration to generate a discrete signal of mapped symbols; and spreading the data symbols over the predetermined set of carrier frequencies by applying a pulse function to the discrete signal, the pulse function comprising a superposition of the predetermined set of carrier frequencies. - View Dependent Claims (74)
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75. A method for generating a multicarrier communication signal having carrier frequencies distributed over a predetermined bandwidth, the method including:
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providing for defining a symbol duration for the multicarrier communication signal; providing for defining a plurality of time instants in the symbol duration; providing for allocating a set of carrier frequencies from the carrier frequencies distributed over the predetermined bandwidth to a particular communication device; providing for receiving as input, data symbols from a data source; providing for mapping the data symbols to the time instants to generate a discrete signal in the time domain; and providing for spreading the data symbols over the set of carrier frequencies by applying pulse functions to the discrete signal, the pulse functions comprising a superposition of the set of carrier frequencies. - View Dependent Claims (76)
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77. A method of generating at least one Carrier Interferometry signal comprising data spread over a plurality of multi-frequency carriers, the method including:
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providing for selecting a plurality of multi-frequency carriers within a predetermined bandwidth; providing for generating at least one pulse waveform, each of the at least one pulse waveform comprising a superposition of the selected multi-frequency carriers; providing for accepting at least one information symbol; and providing for spreading the at least one information symbol over the selected multi-frequency carriers by modulating the at least one information symbol onto the at least one pulse waveform. - View Dependent Claims (78)
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79. A transmitter adapted to generate at least one Carrier Interferometry signal, including:
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a carrier generator adapted to generate a plurality of multi-frequency carriers within a predetermined bandwidth; a pulse generator coupled to the carrier generator, the pulse generator adapted to produce at least one pulse waveform comprising a superposition of selected multi-frequency carriers; and a modulator coupled to the pulse generator, the modulator adapted to spread an information symbol across the selected multi-frequency carriers to produce at least one information-modulated pulse waveform. - View Dependent Claims (80)
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81. A transmitter adapted to spread an information symbol across a plurality of multi-frequency carrier components characterized by a CI code configured to map the information symbol to at least one pulse waveform characterized by a superposition of the plurality of multi-frequency carrier components and centered at a predetermined instant in time, the transmitter including:
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a pulse generator adapted to produce the at least one pulse waveform; and a modulator coupled to the pulse generator, the modulator adapted to spread the information symbol across the plurality of multi-frequency carrier components. - View Dependent Claims (82)
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83. A communication system adapted to generate a multicarrier signal having carrier frequencies distributed over a predetermined bandwidth, the communication system including:
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a carrier generator adapted to generate an allocated carrier set selected from carrier frequencies distributed over the predetermined bandwidth; an interval delay circuit adapted to provide a plurality of information symbols to prescribed time instants in a symbol duration to generate a discrete signal of symbols; and a pulse-generation circuit adapted to spread each of the plurality of information symbols across the allocated carrier set to generate a pulse sequence by applying predetermined pulse functions to the discrete signal, the pulse functions characterized by a superposition of carrier frequencies in the allocated carrier set, the pulse functions configured for operating on the discrete signal such that values of the pulse sequence at the prescribed time instants are equal to the information symbols, and a frequency response of the pulse sequence includes sinusoids having non-zero values at frequencies within the allocated carrier set and zero values at the remaining frequencies. - View Dependent Claims (84)
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85. A communication system adapted to generate a multicarrier signal having allocated carrier frequencies distributed over a predetermined bandwidth, the communication system including:
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an interval delay circuit adapted to receive a plurality of data symbols and map the symbols to a plurality of prescribed time instants in at least one symbol duration to generate a discrete signal of mapped symbols; and a pulse generator adapted to spread each of the plurality of data symbols across the allocated carrier frequencies to generate a pulse train by applying a pulse function to the discrete signal, the pulse function characterized by a superposition of the allocated carrier frequencies. - View Dependent Claims (86)
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87. A communication system configured for generating a multicarrier signal having allocated carrier frequencies distributed over a predetermined bandwidth, the communication system including:
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an interval delay circuit adapted to receive a plurality of data symbols and map the symbols to a plurality of prescribed time instants in at least one symbol duration to generate a discrete signal of mapped symbols; and a pulse generator adapted to spread each of the plurality of data symbols across the allocated carrier frequencies by applying a pulse function comprising a superposition of the allocated carrier frequencies to the discrete signal wherein the pulse function operates on the discrete signal such that values of the pulse train at the prescribed time instants are equal to the mapped symbols. - View Dependent Claims (88)
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89. A communication system adapted to generate a multicarrier signal having a set of carrier frequencies distributed over a predetermined bandwidth, the communication system including:
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a data source adapted to process a plurality of information symbols to generate a set of data symbols with a predetermined set of phase relationships and amplitude profiles to provide a superposition of the carriers with orthogonality in time; and a Fourier-transform circuit coupled to the data source, the Fourier-transform circuit adapted to perform an inverse Fourier transform of the data symbols to produce a digital time-domain superposition signal characterized by data symbols mapped to orthogonal pulses. - View Dependent Claims (90)
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Specification