System and method of determining short range distance between RF equipped devices

• US 7,010,290 B2
• Filed: 08/17/2001
• Issued: 03/07/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 08/17/2001
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Ericsson, Inc. (Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson)
• Original Assignee: Ericsson, Inc. (Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson)
• Inventors: Dent, Paul W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tsang, Fan
• Assistant Examiner(s): Elahee, Md S.
• Application Number:
  US09/932,666
• Publication Number:
  US 20030036378A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,663 Days
• Field of Search: 455/414.1, 455/414.4, 455/417, 455/452.2, 455/445, 455/552.1, 455/11.1, 367/128, 367/127, 367/2, 367/125, 340/691.5, 370/350, 379/90.01, 846/03, 704/233
• US Class Current: 455/414.1
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 11/16 using difference in transit time between electrical and acoustic signals
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/327 Short range or proximity payments by means of M-devices

Abstract

A first, transmitting, device transmits a digitized data message using a short range radio link followed by digital data representing a digitized acoustic signal, such as a tone. Simultaneously, or with a predetermined time delay, the transmitting device emits an acoustic version of the same signal using an acoustic transducer such as a loudspeaker. A second, receiving, device receives the data message and the digitized acoustic signal via the short range radio link and receives the acoustic version of the signal via a microphone, which converts the acoustic signal to a second digitized version of the acoustic signal. Digital signal processing circuits then correlate the second digitized signal received acoustically with the digitized acoustic signal received over the short range radio link to determine a time difference of arrival. The time difference is corrected for any predetermined delay between the radio and the acoustic signal emissions at the transmitter and predetermined processing delays in the receiver. Once the time delay is determined, the receiving device can determine its distance from the transmitting device using the difference between the speed of sound and the speed of radio propagation.

Claims

1. A method of determining the distance between a portable wireless communication device and an RF equipped Point-of-Sale device based on propagation delay between a pulse code modulation (PCM) RF signal and an acoustic signal that are emitted from the portable wireless communication device and received by the RF equipped Point-of-Sale device, the method comprising:

establishing an RF link between the portable wireless communication device and the RF equipped Point-of-Sale device;

in the portable wireless communication device;

creating a multi-tone acoustic signal in the form of PCM modulated first digital audio samples;

transmitting the PCM modulated first digital audio samples via the RF link;

converting the PCM modulated first digital audio samples to an analog audio waveform such that the analog audio waveform is the acoustic equivalent of the PCM modulated first digital audio samples;

acoustically emitting the analog audio waveform via a loudspeaker;

in the RF equipped Point-of-Sale device;

receiving the PCM modulated first digital audio samples via the RF link;

receiving the analog audio waveform via a microphone;

converting the analog audio waveform to PCM modulated second digital audio samples;

comparing the PCM modulated first digital audio samples against the PCM modulated second digital audio samples to determine if they match, and if the PCM modulated first digital audio samples match the PCM modulated second digital audio samples, then

determining the distance between the portable wireless communication device and the RF equipped Point-of-Sale device based on the known speed of propagation of radio waves, the known speed of sound, and the time difference between the arrival of the PCM modulated first digital audio samples and the acoustic signal.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the RF link is Bluetooth™

.

3. The method of claim 1 further comprising terminating an exchange of further radio messages between the portable wireless communication device and the RF equipped Point-of-Sale device if the distance between the two devices is greater than a threshold value.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising terminating the performance of a financial transaction if the distance determined is greater than a threshold value.

5. In a portable wireless communication device, a method of determining the distance between the portable wireless communication device and a RF equipped Point-of-Sale device, the RF equipped Point-of-Sale device capable of emitting a multi-tone acoustic signal and transmitting a pulse code modulation (PCM) radio signal that is a digitized version of the multi-tone acoustic signal, the method comprising:

receiving the digitized version of the multi-tone acoustic signal in the form of PCM modulated first digital audio samples via an RF link;

receiving the multi-tone acoustic signal via a microphone;

converting the received multi-tone acoustic signal to PCM modulated second digital audio samples;

comparing the PCM modulated first digital audio samples against the PCM modulated second digital audio samples to determine if they match, and if the PCM modulated first digital audio samples match the PCM modulated second digital audio samples, then

determining the time difference between the arrival of the PCM modulated first digital audio samples and the multi-tone acoustic signal; and

determining the distance from the RF equipped Point-of-Sale device based on the known speed of propagation of radio waves, the known speed of sound, and the time difference between the arrival of the PCM modulated first digital audio samples and the multi-tone acoustic signal.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the RF link is Bluetooth™

.

7. A portable wireless communication device capable of determining the distance between itself and a RF equipped device wherein the RF equipped Point-of-Sale device emits a multi-tone acoustic signal and transmits a corresponding pulse code modulation (PCM) radio signal in the form of first digital audio samples, the portable wireless communication device comprising:

an RF module that receives the PCM modulated first digital audio samples via an RF link;

a microphone that receives the multi-tone acoustic signal;

a CODEC that converts the received multi-tone acoustic signal to PCM modulated second digital audio samples; and

a processor that;

compares the PCM modulated first digital audio samples against the PCM modulated second digital audio samples to determine if they match, and if the PCM modulated first digital audio samples match the PCM modulated second digital audio samples, then

determines the time difference between the arrival of the PCM modulated first digital audio samples and the multi-tone acoustic signal; and

determines the distance from the RF equipped Point-of-Sale device based on the known speed of propagation of radio waves, the known speed of sound, and the time difference between the arrival of the PCM modulated first digital audio samples and the multi-tone acoustic signal.

8. The portable wireless communication device of claim 7 wherein the RF link is Bluetooth™

.