Fractal antenna ground counterpoise, ground planes, and loading elements and microstrip patch antennas with fractal structure
First Claim
1. An antenna system including:
- a driven element, andat least one element a portion of which is a fractal element selected from a group consisting of (a) a fractal counterpoise, and (b) a microstrip patch element;
wherein the fractal element is defined as a superposition over at least N=1 iterations of a fractal generator motif, an iteration being placement of said fractal generator motif upon a base figure through at least one positioning selected from the group consisting of (i) rotation, (ii) stretching, and (iii) translation,wherein said system includes a substrate having (1) spaced-apart first and second surfaces and (2) a substrate thickness substantially less than a wavelength at a frequency to be coupled to said antenna system; and
said driven element is fabricated on the first surface of said substrate.
1 Assignment
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Accused Products
Abstract
An antenna system includes a fractalized element that may be a ground counterpoise, a top-hat located load assembly, or a microstrip patch antenna having at least one element whose physical shape is at least partially defined as a first or higher iteration deterministic fractal. The resultant fractal element may rely upon an opening angle for performance, and is more compact than non-Euclidean ground counterpoise elements or the like. A vertical antenna system includes a vertical element that may also be a fractal, and a vertical antenna can include vertically spaced-apart fractal conductive and passive elements, and at least one fractal ground element. Various antenna configurations may be fabricated on opposite surfaces of a substrate, including a flexible substrate, and may be tuned by rotating elements relative to each other, and/or by varying the spaced-apart distance therebetween. Fractalized ground counterpoise elements and/or microstrip patch antenna systems may be fabricated on a flexible printed circuit substrate, and/or placed within the support mount of a cellular telephone car antenna.
102 Citations
14 Claims
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1. An antenna system including:
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a driven element, and at least one element a portion of which is a fractal element selected from a group consisting of (a) a fractal counterpoise, and (b) a microstrip patch element;
wherein the fractal element is defined as a superposition over at least N=1 iterations of a fractal generator motif, an iteration being placement of said fractal generator motif upon a base figure through at least one positioning selected from the group consisting of (i) rotation, (ii) stretching, and (iii) translation,wherein said system includes a substrate having (1) spaced-apart first and second surfaces and (2) a substrate thickness substantially less than a wavelength at a frequency to be coupled to said antenna system; and
said driven element is fabricated on the first surface of said substrate. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. A fractal antenna coupleable to a transceiver unit, the antenna comprising:
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a driven element, and at least one fractal element selected from a group consisting of (a) a fractal counterpoise, and (b) a microstrip patch element, said fractal element having a physical shape defined substantially as a deterministic fractal of iteration N≧
2 for at least a portion of said element;wherein said antenna includes a substrate having (1) spaced-apart first and second surfaces and a substrate thickness substantially less than a wavelength at a frequency to be coupled to said antenna system; and
said driven element is fabricated on the first surface of said substrate. - View Dependent Claims (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A top-hat loaded antenna, comprising:
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a vertical element having an upper end and a lower end; and a top-hat assembly electrically coupled to said upper end of said vertical element; wherein said top-hat assembly includes at least one element whose physical shape is defined substantially as a deterministic fractal of iteration N≧
2 for at least a portion of said element.
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Specification