System and method for securing short-distance wireless communications, and applications thereof

• US 7,020,474 B2
• Filed: 06/24/2004
• Issued: 03/28/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 06/25/2003
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Brazos Capital Management LLC
• Original Assignee: Cross Match Technologies Incorporated (Assa Abloy AB)
• Inventors: Scott, Walter G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Vuong, Quochien B.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Dao, Minh D.
• Application Number:
  US10/874,794
• Publication Number:
  US 20050037774A1
• Time in Patent Office: 642 Days
• Field of Search: 455/456.1, 455/456.3, 455/456.6, 455/41.1, 455/41.2, 455/41.3, 380/247, 380/255, 380/258, 380/270
• US Class Current: 455/456.1
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0601 Electronic shopping [e-shopping]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/56 Financial cryptography, e.g. electronic payment or e-cash
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/80 Wireless
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/0428 wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/062 for key distribution, e.g. centrally by trusted party cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for key distribution involving a central third party H04L9/0819
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/107 wherein the security policies are location-dependent, e.g. entities privileges depend on current location or allowing specific operations only from locally connected terminals
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/0819 Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s) network architectures or network communication protocols for key distribution in a packet data network H04L63/062
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 3/16 with lock-out or secrecy provision in party-line systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/033 of the user plane, e.g. user's traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/04 Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 64/00 Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 76/10 Connection setup
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 8/26 Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

A first portable wireless communication device enters a PICONET and establishes unencrypted communications with a second wireless communication device, the PICONET master. The first portable wireless communication device transmits identification information to the second wireless communication device using a conventional short-distance communications protocol. The second wireless communication device transmits, in a novel FEMTONET communications mode, an encryption key to the first portable wireless communication device. The first portable wireless communication device then securely transmits encrypted messages based on the encryption key to the second wireless communication device using the conventional short-distance communications protocol.

Claims

1. A system for short-distance wireless communications within a communication space, comprising:

a first wireless communication device having a locator; and

a second wireless communication device that communicates with the first wireless communication device,

wherein the locator of the first wireless communication device analyzes first signals received via a plurality of radio frequency paths from the second wireless communication device to determine a spatial location within the communication space for the second wireless communication device, and

wherein the first wireless communication device transmits a key by second signals that arrive via a plurality of radio frequency paths substantially in-phase at the spatial location determined by the locator and substantially out-of-phase at other locations within the communication space, thereby allowing the key to be received by the second wireless communication device.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the shape of the spatial location determined by the locator is an approximately spherical volume.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the approximately spherical volume has a diameter of less than three feet.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the approximately spherical volume has a diameter of less than one foot.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the second signals are transmitted by a single antenna coupled to the first wireless communication device and at least one of the signals arrives at the spatial location determined by the locator after being reflected by at least one reflector.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the second signals are transmitted by a plurality of antennas coupled to the first wireless communication device.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the second signals are transmitted using a cavity resonator.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the locator carries out a time-reversal-mirror function.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the first wireless communication device is a cash register and the second wireless communication device is a portable device that can capture a print ridge pattern.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the key comprises an encryption key for encrypting data transmitted by the second wireless communication device.

11. A method for establishing secure short-distance communications, comprising:

(a) establishing unencrypted PICONET mode communications between a first wireless communication device and a second wireless communication device;

(b) transmitting in FEMTONET communications mode an encryption key from the first wireless communication device to the second wireless communication device; and

(c) transmitting in PICONET communications mode an encrypted message based on the encryption key from the second wireless communication device to the first wireless communication device.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

(d) transmitting in PICONET communications mode identification information from the second wireless communication device to the first wireless communication device.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein step (d) comprises:

transmitting biological information from an individual possessing the second wireless communication device.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein step (d) comprises:

transmitting a universally unique identification number associated with the second wireless communication device.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein step (d) comprises:

encrypting the identification information using the encryption key before it is transmitted.

16. A system for short-distance wireless communications, comprising:

a first wireless communication device that selectively operates in one of a PICONET communications mode and a FEMTONET communications mode; and

a second wireless communication device that communicates with the first wireless communication device in PICONET communications mode,

wherein the first wireless communication device transmits in FEMTONET communications mode an encryption key to the second wireless communication device, thereby enabling the second wireless communication device to send in PICONET communications mode encrypted messages based on the encryption key to the first wireless communication device.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the first wireless communication device is a cash register and the second wireless communication device is a portable device that can capture a print ridge pattern.