Multi-band low noise amplifier system

• US 7,023,272 B2
• Filed: 04/19/2004
• Issued: 04/04/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 04/19/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Texas Instruments, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Texas Instruments, Inc.
• Inventors: Leipold, Dirk, Ho, Yo-Chuol, Hung, Chih-Ming
• Primary Examiner(s): Pascal, Robert
• Assistant Examiner(s): Flanagan, Krista M.
• Application Number:
  US10/827,577
• Publication Number:
  US 20050231290A1
• Time in Patent Office: 715 Days
• Field of Search: 330/126
• US Class Current: 330/126
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/223 with MOSFET's
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/565 using inductive elements
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/294 the amplifier being a low noise amplifier [LNA]
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/372 Noise reduction and elimination in amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/492 A coil being added in the source circuit of a transistor amplifier stage as degenerating element
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45394 the AAC of the dif amp comprising FETs whose sources are not coupled, i.e. the AAC being a pseudo-differential amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/7209 the gated amplifier being switched from a first band to a second band
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/193 with field-effect devices H03F3/195 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45179 using MOSFET transistors as the active amplifying circuit H03F3/45278 takes precedence

Abstract

A low noise amplifier (LNA) operates over multiple frequency bands while occupying less silicon area than known LNA implementations. The LNA includes output matching that can be tuned by an adjustable inductor together with a tunable capacitor bank.

Claims

1. A low noise amplifier (LNA) comprising:

a plurality of DC biasing circuits, each DC biasing circuit operational to provide a DC bias source for a single RF input stage and to increase isolation from other input stages;

a cascade of radio frequency (RF) input stages, wherein each RF input stage includes a passively tuned RF input circuit biased via a single DC biasing circuit selected from within the plurality of DC biasing circuits; and

a sole RF output node associated with the cascade of RF input stages and the plurality of DC biasing circuits, wherein the LNA operates over multiple frequency bands without use of external switches.

2. A low noise amplifier (LNA) comprising:

means for filtering a plurality of radio frequency (RF) input signals; and

means for tuning the plurality of filtered RF input signals at a sole common RF output node such that the LNA operates over multiple frequency bands without use of external input switches and further without use of external output switches.

3. The LNA according to claim 2, wherein the means for filtering a plurality of RF input signals comprises:

a plurality of RF input transistors, each having a source/emitter node, a gate/base node and a drain/collector node;

a DC bias switch associated with each RF input transistor and configured to selectively couple and decouple the associated RF input transistor drain/collector node to the tuning means;

an RF inductor associated with each RF input transistor and configured to couple the associated RF transistor source/emitter node to a steady state voltage; and

a DC bias resistor associated with each RF input transistor and configured to couple the associated RF transistor to a DC bias source.

4. The LNA according to claim 3, wherein each DC bias switch comprises a transistor selectively activated via a DC bias source.

5. The LNA according to claim 2, wherein the filtering means and the tuning means together are configured as a differential LNA.

6. The LNA according to claim 2, wherein the filtering means comprises:

a plurality of DC biasing circuits, each DC biasing circuit operational to provide a DC bias source for a single RF input stage and to increase isolation from other input stages; and

a cascade of radio frequency (RF) input stages, wherein each RF input stage includes a passively tuned RF input circuit biased via a single DC biasing circuit selected from within the plurality of DC biasing circuits.

7. The LNA according to claim 2, wherein the means for tuning the plurality of filtered RF input signals comprises a sole tunable RF output stage including at least one adjustable inductor, wherein the sole tunable RF output stage operates via the at least one adjustable inductor to tune the filtered RF input signals such that the LNA operates over multiple frequency bands without use of external input switches and further without use of external output switches.

8. The LNA according to claim 2, wherein the means for tuning the plurality of filtered RF input signals comprises a sole tunable RF output stage including at least one adjustable capacitor bank, wherein the sole tunable RF output stage operates via the at least one adjustable capacitor bank to tune the filtered RF input signals such that the LNA operates over multiple frequency bands without use of external input switches and further without use of external output switches.

9. A low noise amplifier (LNA) comprising a sole tunable RF output stage including at least one adjustable inductor, wherein the sole tunable RF output stage operates via the at least one adjustable inductor to tune filtered RF input signals such that the LNA operates over multiple frequency bands without use of external input switches and further without use of external output switches.

10. A low noise amplifier (LNA) comprising:

a plurality of DC biasing circuits, each DC biasing circuit operational to provide a DC bias source for a single RF input stage and to increase isolation from other input stages;

a cascade of radio frequency (RF) input stages, wherein each RF input stage includes a passively tuned RF input circuit biased via a single DC biasing circuit selected from within the plurality of DC biasing circuits; and

a sole tunable RF output stage including at least one adjustable inductor, wherein the sole tunable RF output stage operates via the at least one adjustable inductor to tune filtered RF input signals generated via the cascade of RF input stages such that the LNA operates over multiple frequency bands without use of external input switches and further without use of external output switches.

11. A method of operating a low noise amplifier (LNA), the method comprising the steps of:

providing an LNA having a means for passively filtering a plurality of radio frequency (RF) input signals; and

operating the LNA over multiple frequency bands without use of external switches.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the step of operating the LNA over multiple frequency bands without use of external switches comprises the steps of:

activating a desired passive filter for each RF input signal frequency; and

passing each RF input signal within the multiple frequency bands through its respective passive filter to a sole common RF output node.

13. The method according to claim 12, further comprising the steps of:

passing the filtered RF input signals through a sole RF tuning network comprising at least one adjustable inductor; and

adjusting the at least one adjustable inductor to tune the filtered RF input signals such that the LNA operates over multiple frequency bands without use of external input switches and further without use of external output switches.

14. A low noise amplifier (LNA) comprising:

at least one radio frequency (RF) input stage; and

a sole tunable RF output stage comprising;

at least one adjustable inductor; and

an adjustable capacitor bank, wherein the at least one adjustable inductor and the adjustable capacitor bank together operate to tune signals passing through the at least one RF input stage to a single RF output node such that the LNA operates over multiple frequency bands without use of RF output stage switches.

15. The LNA according to claim 14, further comprising means for DC biasing each at least one RF input stage, such that said each at least one RF input stage is selectively turned on and off.

16. The LNA according to claim 14, wherein the at least one RF input stage and the sole tunable RF output stage are together configured as a differential LNA.

17. The LNA according to claim 14, wherein the at least one adjustable inductor comprises:

at least one primary inductor; and

at least one adjustable secondary inductor, wherein the at least one primary inductor and the at least one adjustable secondary inductor are together configured to selectively increase or decrease the tuned frequency of the sole tunable RF output stage.

18. The LNA according to claim 15, wherein the at least one RF input stage comprises:

at least one RF input transistor having a source/emitter, gate/base and drain/collector;

a DC bias switch associated with the at least one RF input transistor and configured to selectively couple and decouple the associated RF input transistor drain/collector to the sole tunable RF output stage;

an RF inductor associated with the at least one RF input transistor and configured to couple the associated RF transistor source/emitter to a steady state voltage; and

a DC bias resistor associated with the at least one RF input transistor and configured to couple the associated RF transistor gate/base to a DC bias source.

19. The LNA according to claim 18, wherein the DC bias switch comprises a transistor selectively activated via a DC bias source.

20. The LNA according to claim 14, wherein the at least one RF input stage and the sole tunable RF output stage together are configured as a differential LNA.

21. The LNA according to claim 20, wherein the at least one adjustable inductor comprises:

a primary inductor; and

an adjustable secondary inductor, wherein the primary inductor and the adjustable secondary inductor are together configured to selectively increase or decrease the tuned frequency of the sole tunable RF output stage.