Computer-implemented methods and apparatus for alleviating abnormal behaviors

• US 7,024,398 B2
• Filed: 11/01/2001
• Issued: 04/04/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 11/02/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Scientific Learning Corp. (Carnegie Learning, Inc.), Regents of the University of California (University of California), University of Texas System
• Original Assignee: Scientific Learning Corp. (Carnegie Learning, Inc.), Regents of the University of California (University of California), University of Texas System
• Inventors: Merzenich, Michael M., Kilgard, Michael, Bao, Shaowen
• Primary Examiner(s): Knight, Anthony
• Assistant Examiner(s): Holmes, Michael B.
• Application Number:
  US10/000,844
• Publication Number:
  US 20020116352A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,615 Days
• Field of Search: 706/25, 706/10, 434/236
• US Class Current: 706/25
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/16 Devices for psychotechnics using teaching or educational appliances G09B1/00 - G09B7/00; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/165 Evaluating the state of mind, e.g. depression, anxiety

Abstract

The invention described herein provides computer-implemented methods and systems for alleviating an abnormal behavior, such as a behavior associated with a fear, abnormal activity, or obsession. It has been found that behaviorally abnormal self-sustaining behaviors may be unlearned or diminished through directed forms of computer-implemented interaction. The computer-implemented interaction is generally directed to reduce the neurological representations of inputs and actions associated with the abnormal behavior. The interaction will typically comprise strategically and repeatedly presenting computer-implemented stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior. The computer-implemented stimuli are then repeatedly presented and altered over time in a manner that alleviates the abnormal behavior. For example, the content of the computer-implemented stimuli may change to gradually vary in their ability to trigger an episode in the person. In this manner, the neurological representation pertaining to the undesirable behavior may be gradually reduced.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method for alleviating an abnormal behavior for a human subject, the computer-implemented method employing a computer-based apparatus associated with one or more peripheral devices, the computer-implemented method comprising:

presenting to the subject, using the computer-based apparatus, one of a set of computer-implemented stimuli, tasks, and exercises that are exercises that are configured to expedite neurochemical change in the subject wherein the exercises are configured to increase expression of dopamine in the subject;

presenting, using the computer-based apparatus, a computer-implemented stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior,

wherein the one of the set of computer-implemented stimuli, tasks, and exercises is presented in the range of about 10 milliseconds to about 2000 milliseconds before the stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior is presented; and

altering, using the computer-based apparatus, the computer-implemented stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior, wherein the altering of the stimuli including context facilitates alleviating the abnormal behavior.

2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the one of the set of computer-implemented stimuli, tasks, and exercises is presented in the range of about 0 milliseconds to about 60 seconds before stimuli including more complex contests related to the abnormal behavior is presented.

3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the set of computer-implemented stimuli, tasks, and exercises is directed to elicit a high level of engagement from the human subject.

4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the set of computer-implemented stimuli, tasks, and exercises are rewarding to the subject.

5. The computer-implemented method of claim 4 wherein the set of computer-implemented stimuli, tasks, and exercises comprise information provided by the computer that holds an abstract value.

6. The computer-implemented meted of claim 1 wherein the altering is directed to vary the subject'"'"'s ability to trigger an episode related to the abnormal behavior.

7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6 wherein the altering comprises providing a new stimulus that is more likely to trigger an episode related to the abnormal behavior for the subject.

8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the visual or auditory stimuli includes visual or auditory information provided by a peripheral in association with the computer-based apparatus.

9. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the presenting and altering is repeatedly administered a number of times effective to alleviate the abnormal behavior.

10. The computer-implemented method of claim 9 wherein the stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior is administered between about 100 and about 2,000 times per day.

11. The computer-implemented method of claim 9 wherein the stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior is administered for about 1 to about 100 days.

12. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the computer-implemented method is provided by a remote computer local to the subject.

13. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior is presented in a manner that is non-attended by the subject.

14. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the method is employed as an adjunct to a conventional approach to treating an abnormal behavior.

15. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior are configured to trigger a response in the subject.

17. The computer-implemented method of claim 15 further comprising building a representation of behavior progression for the subject.

18. A computer-implemented method for assessing an abnormal behavior for a human subject, the computer-implemented method employing a computer-based apparatus associated with one or more peripheral devices, the computer-implemented method comprising:

presenting, using the computer-based apparatus, a computer-implemented stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior; and

obtaining, using the computer-based apparatus, feedback from the subject that indicates whether the subject reacted to the stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior,

wherein the feedback provides information corresponding to a quantitative dynamic reaction of the person to a trigger in the stimuli.

16. The computer-implemented method of claim 19 further comprising obtaining feedback from the subject that indicates whether the subject reacted to the stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior.

19. The computer-implemented method of claim 18 further comprising building a representation of behavior progression for the subject.

20. A computer readable medium including instructions for alleviating an abnormal behavior for a human subject the instructions employing a computer-based apparatus associated with one or more peripheral devices, the instructions comprising:

instructions for presenting to the subject, using the computer-based apparatus, one of a set of computer-implemented stimuli tasks, and exercises that are configured to expedite neurochemical change in the subject wherein the exercises are configured to increase expression of dopamine in the subject;

instructions for presenting, using the computer-based apparatus, a computer-implemented stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior,

wherein the one of the set of computer-implemented stimuli, tasks, and exercises is presented in the range of about 10 milliseconds to about 2000 milliseconds before the stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior is presented; and

instructions for altering, using the computer-based apparatus, the computer-implemented stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior, wherein the altering of the stimuli including context facilitates alleviating the abnormal behavior.

21. A computer-implemented method for delivering computer readable instructions for alleviating an abnormal behavior for a human subject, the instructions employing a computer-based apparatus associated with one or more peripheral devices, the method comprising:

transmitting, over a signal transmission medium,signals representative of instructions for presenting to the subject using the computer-based apparatus, one of a set of computer-implemented stimuli, tasks, and exercises that are configured to expedite neurochemical change in the subject wherein the exercises are configured to increase expression of dopamine in the subject;

transmitting, over a signal transmission medium, signals representative of instructions for presenting, using the computer-based apparatus, computer-implemented stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior,

wherein the one of the set of computer-implemented stimuli, tasks, and exercises is presented in the range of about 10 milliseconds to about 2000 milliseconds before the stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior is presented; and

transmitting, over a signal transmission medium, signals representative of instructions for altering, using the computer-based apparatus, the computer-implemented stimuli including context related to the abnormal behavior, wherein the altering of the stimuli including context facilitates alleviating the abnormal behavior.