Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery

• US 7,026,073 B2
• Filed: 01/28/2002
• Issued: 04/11/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 01/29/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Company Limited (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Company Limited (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
• Inventors: Iwamoto, Kazuya, Deguchi, Masaki, Yoshizawa, Hiroshi, Ueda, Atsushi, Morikawa, Takaharu, Oura, Takafumi
• Primary Examiner(s): Alejandro, Raymond
• Application Number:
  US10/058,707
• Publication Number:
  US 20020192565A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,534 Days
• Field of Search: 429/338, 429/337, 429/331, 429/332, 429/330, 429/326, 429/324, 429/231.3, 429/231.8, 429/231.6, 429/231.1, 252/62.2
• US Class Current: 429/326
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0569 characterised by the solvents
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0025 Organic electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/004 Three solvents
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/525 of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/164 by the solvent
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

In an electrolyte of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using a cyclic carboxylic-acid ester exerting high conductivity under a low temperature condition, for suppressing reductive decomposition of the cyclic carboxylic acid ester, a cyclic carbonic acid ester having at least one carbon-carbon unsaturated bond is contained, and for suppressing excessive polymerization reaction of the cyclic carbonic acid ester having at least one carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, a cyclic carbonic acid ester having no carbon-carbon unsaturated bond is further contained.

Claims

1. A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte,

wherein said non-aqueous electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous solvent and a solute dissolved in said non-aqueous solvent,

wherein said non-aqueous solvent comprises:

(A) a cyclic carboxylic acid ester;

(B) 0.5 to 20 volume percent of the total volume of non-aqueous solvent of a cyclic carbonic acid ester having at least one carbon-carbon unsaturated bond; and

(C) a cyclic carbonic acid ester having no carbon-carbon unsaturated bond,

and wherein said cyclic carbonic acid ester having at least one carbon-carbon unsaturated bond (B) comprises vinylethylene carbonate and vinylene carbonate.

2. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 1, wherein said cyclic carboxylic acid ester (A) is at least one selected from the group consisting of γ

-butyrolactone and a derivative of γ

-butyrolactone represented by the formula (1);

where R¹ to R⁶ are, independently, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an acetyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

3. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 2, wherein said derivative of γ

-butyrolactone is γ

-valerolactone.

4. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 1, wherein said cyclic carbonic acid ester having at least one carbon-carbon unsaturated bond (B) further comprises divinylethylene carbonate.

5. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 1, wherein said cyclic carbonic acid ester having no carbon-carbon unsaturated bond (C) is at least one selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate and butylene carbonate.

6. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 1, wherein said cyclic carboxylic acid ester (A) is at least one selected from the group consisting of γ

-butyrolactone and γ

-valerolactone, said cyclic carbonic acid ester having at least one carbon-carbon unsaturated bond (B) further comprises divinylethylene carbonate, and said cyclic carbonic acid ester having no carbon-carbon unsaturated bond (C) is at least one selected from the group consisting of propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate.

7. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 1, wherein said non-aqueous solvent further comprises a linear carbonic acid ester (D).

8. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 7, wherein said linear carbonic acid ester (D) is at least one selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate.

9. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 1, wherein said non-aqueous solvent further comprises a glime (E).

10. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 9, wherein said glime (E) is at least one selected from the group consisting of diglime, triglime and tetraglime.

11. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 1, wherein said positive electrode comprises a lithium-containing transition metal oxide and said negative electrode comprises graphite.

12. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 11, wherein said lithium-containing transition metal oxide is represented by the formula:

Li_a(CO<sub>l−

x−

y</sub>Mg_xM_y)_bO_c

where M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ni, Y, Yb, Ca, Al, Ti, Cu, Zn, Sr and Ba, 0≦

a≦

1.05, 0.005≦

x≦

0.15, 0≦

y≦

0.25, 0.85≦

b≦

1.1 and 1.8≦

c≦

2.1.

13. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 1, wherein said non-aqueous electrolyte comprises LiPF₆ and LiBF₄ in a molar ratio of 1:

9 to 9;

1 as said solute.

14. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery in accordance with claim 1, wherein said non-aqueous solvent further comprises a derivative of benzene comprising a phenyl group and a cyclic compound group contiguous to said phenyl group.