Acoustic wave ice and water detector
First Claim
Patent Images
1. An ice detector comprising:
- an acoustic wave cavity formed in a substrate and defined by an area of increased mass;
at least one transducer positioned adjacent to the acoustic wave cavity, the transducer when driven generating an acoustic wave trapped in the acoustic wave cavity, the acoustic wave being sensitive to the presence of ice on the acoustic wave cavity and insensitive to water on the acoustic wave cavity, and the transducer providing a signal representing the acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity; and
a circuit responsive to the transducer signal to detect the presence of ice.
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Abstract
An acoustic wave sensor utilizes one or more acoustic waves trapped in an acoustic wave cavity to detect the presence of one or more substances on a surface of the acoustic wave cavity. To detect the presence of ice, a trapped torsional acoustic wave is used. To detect water, an acoustic wave with flexural or compressional components is used. The sensor includes a number of transducers adjacent the acoustic wave cavity where a controller drives different sets of the transducers to generate different acoustic waves.
44 Citations
82 Claims
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1. An ice detector comprising:
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an acoustic wave cavity formed in a substrate and defined by an area of increased mass; at least one transducer positioned adjacent to the acoustic wave cavity, the transducer when driven generating an acoustic wave trapped in the acoustic wave cavity, the acoustic wave being sensitive to the presence of ice on the acoustic wave cavity and insensitive to water on the acoustic wave cavity, and the transducer providing a signal representing the acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity; and a circuit responsive to the transducer signal to detect the presence of ice. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method of detecting ice comprising:
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forming an acoustic wave cavity in a substrate; generating an acoustic wave substantially trapped in said acoustic wave cavity wherein the acoustic wave in the cavity is sensitive to ice and insensitive to water; providing a signal representative of the acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity; and detecting the presence of ice on the acoustic wave cavity from the signal.
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12. A method of detecting ice comprising:
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generating a torsional acoustic wave substantially trapped in an acoustic wave cavity formed in a noncylindrical substrate, the presence of ice on a surface of the acoustic wave cavity producing a detectable change in the torsional acoustic wave; and detecting the change in the torsional acoustic wave indicative of the presence of ice on a surface of the acoustic wave cavity.
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13. A method of detecting ice comprising:
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forming an acoustic wave cavity in a substrate defined by an area of increased mass; generating a torsional acoustic wave substantially trapped in said acoustic wave cavity, the presence of ice on a surface of the acoustic wave cavity producing a detectable change in the torsional acoustic wave; and detecting the change in the torsional acoustic wave indicative of the presence of ice on a surface of the acoustic wave cavity.
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14. A method of detecting water and ice comprising:
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generating an acoustic wave substantially trapped in an acoustic wave cavity wherein the acoustic wave in the cavity is insensitive to water and sensitive to ice; providing a signal representative of the water insensitive acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity; comparing the signal representing the water insensitive acoustic wave to a reference to detect the presence of ice on the acoustic wave cavity; generating another acoustic wave substantially trapped in said acoustic wave cavity wherein the other acoustic wave is sensitive to water; providing a signal representative of the water sensitive acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity; and comparing the signal representing the water sensitive acoustic wave to a reference to detect the presence of water on the acoustic wave cavity.
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15. A method of detecting water and ice comprising:
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generating, in a first mode of operation, an acoustic wave substantially trapped in an acoustic wave cavity wherein the acoustic wave in the cavity is insensitive to water and sensitive to ice; providing a signal representative of the water insensitive acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity; generating, in a second mode of operation, another acoustic wave substantially tapped in an acoustic wave cavity wherein the other acoustic wave is sensitive to water; providing a signal representative of the water sensitive acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity; comparing the signal representing the water insensitive acoustic wave to a reference to detect the presence of ice on the acoustic wave cavity; and comparing the signal representing the water sensitive acoustic wave to a reference to detect the presence of water on the acoustic wave cavity.
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16. A method of detecting water and ice comprising:
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positioning a plurality of transducers with respect to an acoustic wave cavity; driving a first set of the transducers to generate an acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity wherein the acoustic wave in the cavity is sensitive to ice and insensitive to water; providing a signal representing the acoustic wave generated by the first set of transducers; driving a second set of the transducers to generate an acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity wherein the acoustic wave in the cavity is sensitive to water; providing a signal representing the acoustic wave generated by the second set of transducers; and analyzing the signals representing acoustic waves generated by the first and second sets of transducers to detect the presence of ice and/or water.
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17. A method of distinguishing the presence of different substances on an acoustic wave sensor comprising:
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generating, in a first mode of operation, a first acoustic wave substantially trapped in an acoustic wave cavity formed in the sensor, the first acoustic wave being sensitive to a first substance on the acoustic wave cavity; generating, in a second mode of operation, a second acoustic wave, different from the first acoustic wave, substantially trapped in the acoustic wave cavity formed in the sensor, the second acoustic wave being sensitive to a second substance on the acoustic wave cavity; and analyzing the response of the first and second acoustic waves to determine the presence of the first and/or second substances on the acoustic wave cavity. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21)
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22. A method of distinguishing the presence of different substances on an acoustic wave sensor comprising:
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positioning a plurality of transducers with respect to an acoustic wave cavity; driving a first set of the transducers to generate in the acoustic wave cavity a first acoustic wave that is responsive to the presence of a first substance on the acoustic wave cavity; providing a signal representing the first acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity; driving a second set of the transducer to generate in the acoustic wave cavity a second acoustic wave that is responsive to the presence of a second substance on the acoustic wave cavity; providing a signal representing the second acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity; and analyzing the signals representing the first and second acoustic waves to detect the presence or absence of the first or second substances.
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23. A method of detecting ice and water on a substrate comprising:
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generating a torsional acoustic wave substantially trapped in an acoustic wave cavity formed in the substrate; generating an acoustic wave other than a torsional acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity, the other acoustic wave being sensitive to water; analyzing the response of the torsional acoustic wave and the other acoustic wave to determine the presence of ice and/or water. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25)
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26. A method of detecting ice and water comprising:
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positioning a first acoustic wave transducer centered on an acoustic wave cavity; positioning a second acoustic wave transducer adjacent the acoustic wave cavity but off center with respect thereto; driving the first acoustic wave transducer to generate in the acoustic wave cavity a first acoustic wave that is responsive to water; driving the second acoustic wave transducer to generate in the acoustic wave cavity a second acoustic wave that is responsive to ice; and analyzing the first and second acoustic waves to determine the presence of water and/or ice. - View Dependent Claims (27)
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28. A method of detecting the presence of different substances on an acoustic wave cavity formed in a substrate comprising:
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positioning a first acoustic wave transducer adjacent the acoustic wave cavity but off center with respect thereto; positioning a second acoustic wave transducer adjacent the acoustic wave cavity but off center with respect thereto; driving the first acoustic wave transducer to generate a first acoustic wave responsive to a first substance on the acoustic wave cavity; driving the first and second acoustic wave transducers to generate a second, different acoustic wave responsive to a second substance on the acoustic wave cavity; and analyzing the first and second acoustic waves to determine the presence of the first and!or second substance.
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29. A method of distinguishing the presence of different substances on an acoustic wave sensor comprising:
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generating a first acoustic wave substantially trapped in an acoustic wave cavity formed in the sensor, the first acoustic wave having circular nodal lines and being sensitive to a first substance on the acoustic wave cavity; generating a second acoustic wave substantially trapped in the acoustic wave cavity, the second acoustic wave having linear, parallel nodal lines and being sensitive to a second substance on the acoustic wave cavity; and analyzing the response of the first and second acoustic waves to determine the presence of the first and/or second substances on the acoustic wave cavity. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. An ice detector comprising:
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an acoustic wave cavity formed in a substrate and defined by an area of increased mass; at least one transducer positioned adjacent the acoustic wave cavity, the transducer when driven generating in the acoustic wave cavity a torsional acoustic wave that is sensitive to ice, the transducer providing a signal representing the torsional acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity; and a circuit responsive to the transducer signal to detect the presence of ice. - View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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43. An acoustic wave resonator comprising:
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an acoustic wave cavity formed in a substrate and defined by an area of increased mass; a plurality of transducers positioned adjacent said acoustic wave cavity; a controller coupled to the transducers, the controller driving at least one transducer to generate a first acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity, the first acoustic wave being sensitive to ice and being insensitive to water and the controller driving at least one other transducer to generate a second acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity, the second acoustic wave being sensitive to water. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50)
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51. An acoustic wave sensor comprising:
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an acoustic wave cavity formed in a substrate and defined by an area of increased mass; a plurality of transducers positioned adjacent the acoustic wave cavity; a controller coupled to the transducers, the controller driving a first set of the transducers to generate a first acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity, the first acoustic wave being sensitive to ice and insensitive to water and the controller driving a second set of transducers to generate a second acoustic wave in the cavity, the second acoustic wave being sensitive to water and ice. - View Dependent Claims (52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58)
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59. An acoustic wave ice and water sensor comprising:
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an acoustic wave cavity formed in a substrate and defined by an area of increased mass; a plurality of transducers positioned adjacent the acoustic wave cavity including at least one transducer positioned off center with respect to a centerline of the cavity; a controller coupled to the transducers, the controller driving a first set of the transducers including one off center transducer to generate a first acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity, the first acoustic wave being sensitive to ice and the controller driving a second set of transducers to generate a second acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity, the second acoustic wave being sensitive to water. - View Dependent Claims (60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71)
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72. An ice detector for a structure comprising:
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an acoustic wave cavity formed in a substrate, the substrate being an insert for mounting in an aperture of the structure; at least one transducer mounted adjacent the acoustic wave cavity, the transducer when driven generating an acoustic wave trapped in the acoustic wave cavity, the acoustic wave being sensitive to the presence of ice on a surface of the acoustic wave cavity and the transducer providing a signal representing the acoustic wave in the acoustic wave cavity; and a circuit responsive to the transducer signal to detect the presence of ice on a surface of the acoustic wave cavity. - View Dependent Claims (73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81)
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82. An ice and water detector comprising:
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an acoustic wave cavity formed in a substrate and defined by an area of increased mass; a plurality of transducers positioned adjacent the acoustic wave cavity, a first set of the transducers when driven generating in the acoustic wave cavity, a first acoustic wave that is sensitive to ice on a surface of the acoustic wave cavity and insensitive to water on a surface of the acoustic wave cavity and a second set of the transducers when driven generating in the acoustic wave cavity, a second acoustic wave that is sensitive to water; a controller responsive to signals respectively representing the first and second acoustic waves in the acoustic wave cavity to determine the presence of ice and!or water on a surface of the acoustic wave cavity.
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Specification