Method and apparatus for transmitting data in a time division duplexed (TDD) communication system

• US 7,027,523 B2
• Filed: 06/22/2001
• Issued: 04/11/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 06/22/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Jalali, Ahmad, Wallace, Mark, Smee, John E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Vanderpuye, Kenneth
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kim, Kevin
• Application Number:
  US09/887,225
• Publication Number:
  US 20030002450A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,754 Days
• Field of Search: 375/296, 375/278, 375/240.29, 375/299
• US Class Current: 375/296
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0434 using multiple eigenmodes
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0626 Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0003 by switching between different modulation schemes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0013 Rate matching, e.g. puncturing or repetition of code symbols
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0026 Transmission of channel quality indication
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0032 Without explicit signalling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0034 where the transmitter decides based on inferences, e.g. use of implicit signalling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/06 using space diversity
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03414 Multicarrier
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03426 transmission using multiple-input and multiple-output channels
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0204 of multiple channels
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0224 using sounding signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0226 sounding signals per se
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03343 Arrangements at the transmitter end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2647 Arrangements specific to the receiver only equalisation H04L27/01
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0023 Time-frequency-space

Abstract

Techniques to process data for transmission in a time division duplexed (TDD) communication system. In one aspect, the frequency response of a forward link is estimated at a base station based on reverse link transmissions (e.g., pilots) from a terminal. Prior to a data transmission on the forward link, the base station determines a reverse transfer function based on the pilots transmitted by the terminal, “calibrates” the reverse transfer function with a calibration function to derive an estimate of a forward transfer function, and preconditions modulation symbols based on weights derived from the forward transfer function. In another aspect, the terminal estimates the “quality” of the forward link and provides this information to the base station. The base station then uses the information to properly code and modulate data prior to transmission such that the transmitted data can be received by the terminal at the desired level of performance.

Claims

1. In a time division duplexed (TDD) communication system, a method for transmitting data from a transmitter unit over a wireless communication link to a receiver unit, the method comprising:

deriving a calibration function indicative of a difference between a first transfer function for a data transmission from the transmitter unit to the receiver unit and a second transfer function for a data transmission from the receiver unit to the transmitter unit;

receiving via the communication link a first transmission from the receiver unit;

estimating characteristics of the communication link based on the received first transmission;

coding and modulating the data based on one or more coding and modulation schemes to provide modulation symbols;

preconditioning the modulation symbols based on weights derived from the estimated characteristics of the communication link and the calibration function; and

transmmitting the preconditioned modulation symbols from the transmitter unit via the communication link to the receiver unit.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

transmitting pilot reference from the transmitter unit via the communication link to the receiver unit.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the TDD communication system implements orthogonal frequency division modulation (OFDM), and wherein the communication link comprises a plurality of frequency subchannels.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the TDD communication system implements multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), and wherein the communication link comprises a plurality of spatial subohannels.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the TDD communication system further implements OFDM.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the communication link comprises a plurality of propagation paths, each propagation pat corresponding to a path between a particular antenna at the transmitter unit and a particular antenna at the receiver unit.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the estimated characteristics of the connaunication link relate to frequency response of the propagation paths used to transmit the data to the receiver unit.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first transmission from the receiver unit is a pilot reference.

9. The method of claim 3, wherein the first transmission from the receiver unit is a pilot reference transmitted over all frequency subehannels.

10. The method of claim 3, wherein the first transmission from the receiver unit is a pilot reference transmitted over a subset of all frequency subchannels.

11. The method of claim 4, wherein the first transmission from the receiver unit is a pilot reference transmitted from all antennas at the receiver unit.

12. The method of claim 4, wherein the first transmission from the receiver unit is a pilot reference transmitted from a subset of all antennas at the receiver unit in each particular time slot.

13. The method of claim 4, wherein the first transmission from the receiver unit is a pilot reference transmitted from one or more antennas at the receiver unit, and wherein the pilot reference is transmitted on a different code channel for each of the one or more antennas.

14. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving an indication of a quality of the communication link, and wherein the one or more coding and modulation schemes are selected based on the received indication of the communication link quality.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the data is transmitted via a plurality of data streams, and wherein each data stream is coded and modulated with a respective coding and modulation scheme.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the communication link quality is estimated at the receiver unit and provided to the transmitter unit.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein the communication link quality is estimated at the transmitter unit.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the received indication is indicative of a signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SNR).

19. The method of claim 18, wherein an average SNR is received for each data stream to be independently coded and modulated.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein the received indication is indicative of a particular rate to be used for each data steam to be independently coded and modulated.

21. The method of claim 14, wherein the received indication is indicative of a particular coding and modulation scheme to be used for each data stream to be independently coded and modulated.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein the TDD communication system implements multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and orthogonal frequency division modulation (OFDM).

23. A transmitter unit in a time division duplexed (TDD) communication system, comprising:

a receiver processor operative to receive via a communication link a first transmission from a receiver unit and to estimate characteristics of the communication link based on the received first transmission;

a transmit data processor operative to code and modulate data based on one or more coding and modulation schemes to provide modulation symbols;

a controller operative to derive a calibration function indicative of a difference between a first transfer function for a data transmission from the transmitter unit to the receiver unit and a second transfer function for a data transmission from the receiver unit to the transmitter unit;

a transmit channel processor operative to receive and precondition the modulation symbols based on weights derived at least in part from the estimated characteristics of the communication link and on the calibration function; and

a modulator operative to receive, condition, and transmit the preconditioned modulation symbols via the communication link to the receiver unit.

24. The transmitter unit of claim 23, wherein the controller is further operative to provide a first control indicative of the one or more coding and modulation schemes used to code and modulate the data and a second control indicative of the weights used to precondition the modulation symbols.

25. The transmitter unit of claim 23, wherein the transmit data processor is further operative to process pilot data for transmission via the communication link to the receiver unit.

26. A receiver unit in a time division duplexed (TDD) communication system, comprising:

one or more antennas, each antenna configured to receive via a communication link one or more modulated signals transmitted from a transmitter unit;

one or more front-end units, each front-end unit operative to process a signal from an associated antenna to provide a respective stream of received modulation symbols;

a spatial processor operative to receive and process the one or more streams of received modulation symbols to provide estimated characteristics of the communication link and to further process the received modulation symbols based at least in part on the estimated characteristics of the communication link to provide one or more streams of recovered modulation symbols an further operative to match filter the received modulation symbols based on a channel response matrix indicative of the estimated characteristics of the communication link and to multiply the filtered modulation symbols with a eigenvector matrix to provide the recovered modulation symbols; and

a receive data processor operative to receive and decode the one or more streams of recovered modulation symbols to provide one or more decoded data streams.

27. The receiver unit of claim 26, further comprising:

a channel state information (CSI) processor operative to estimate the quality of the communication link based on the recovered modulation symbols; and

a transmit data processor operative to receive and process the estimated communication link quality for transmission from the receiver unit to the transmitter unit.

28. The receiver unit of claim 26, further comprising:

a transmit processor operative to process pilot data for transmission from the receiver unit to the transmitter unit.

29. The receiver unit of claim 28, wherein the transmit processor is further operative to transmit the estimated characteristics of the communication link from the receiver unit to the transmitter unit.

30. The receiver unit of claim 26, wherein the one or more modulated signals are generated at the transmitter unit by coding and modulating the data based on one or more coding and modulation schemes to provide modulation symbols, preconditioning the modulation symbols based on weights derived from estimated characteristics of the communication link derived at the transmitter unit, and processing the preconditioned modulation symbols to provide the one or more modulated signals, one modulated signal for each antenna at the transmitter unit.

31. A method for transmitting data from a transmitter unit over a wireless connaunication link to a receiver unit, the method comprising:

deriving a calibration function indicative of a difference between a data transmission from the transmitter unit to the receiver u-nit and a data transmission from the receiver unit to the transmitter unit;

receiving via the communication link a first transmission from the receiver unit;

estimating characteristics of the communication link based on the received first transmission;

generating modulation symbols for transmission to the receiver unit;

applying weights to the modulation symbols, the weights being derived from the estimated characteristics of the communication link and the calibration function; and

transmitting the modulation symbols with weights applied from the transmitter unit via the communication link to the receiver unit.

32. The method of claim 31, further comprising:

transmitting pilot reference from the transmitter unit via the communication link to the receiver unit.

33. The method of claim 31, wherein the TDD communication system implements orthogonal frequency division modulation (OFDM), and wherein the communication link comprises a plurality of frequency subchannels.

34. The method of claim 31, wherein the TDD communication system implements multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), and wherein the communication link comprises a plurality of spatial subchannels.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein the TDD communication system further implements OFDM.

36. The method of claim 31, wherein the communication link comprises a plurality of propagation paths, each propagation path corresponding to a path between a particular antenna at the transmitter unit and a particular antenna at the receiver unit.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein the estimated characteristics of the communication link relate to frequency response of the propagation paths used to transmit the data to the receiver unit.

38. The method of claim 31, wherein the first transmission from the receiver unit is a pilot reference.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein the first transmission from the receiver unit is a pilot reference transmitted over all frequency subchannels.

40. The method of claim 38, wherein the first transmission from the receiver unit is a pilot reference transmitted over a subset of all frequency subchannels.

41. The method of claim 38, wherein the first transmission from the receiver unit is a pilot reference transmitted from all antennas at the receiver unit.

42. The method of claim 31, further comprising:

receiving an indication of a quality of the communication link, and wherein the one or more coding and modulation schemes are selected based on the received indication of the communication link quality.

43. The method of claim 42, wherein the communication link quality is estimated at the receiver unit and provided to the transmitter unit.

44. The method of claim 42, wherein the communication link quality is estimated at the transmitter unit.

45. The method of claim 42, wherein the received indication is indicative of a signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SNR).

46. The method of claim 42, wherein the received indication is indicative of a particular rate to be used for each data stream to be independently coded and modulated.

47. The method of claim 43, wherein the received indication is indicative of a particular coding and modulation scheme to be used for each data stream to be independently coded and modulated.

48. A transmitter unit in a time division duplexed (TDD) communication system, comprising:

a receiver processor operative to receive via a communication link a first transmission from a receiver unit and to estimate characteristics of the communication link based on the received first transmission;

a transmit data processor operative to code and modulate data based on one or more coding and modulation schemes to provide modulation symbols;

a controller operative to derive a calibration function indicative of a difference between a data transmission from the transmitter unit to the receiver unit and a data transmission from the receiver unit to the transmitter unit;

a transmit channel processor operative to receive and precondition the modulation symbols based on weights derived at least in part from the estimated characteristics of the communication link and on the calibration function; and

a modulator operative to receive, condition, and transmit the preconditioned modulation symbols via the communication link to the receiver unit.

49. The transmitter unit of claim 48, wherein the controller is further operative to provide a first control indicative of the one or more coding and modulation schemes used to code and modulate the data and a second control indicative of the weights used to precondition the modulation symbols.

50. The transmitter unit of claim 48, wherein the controller is further operative to determine the calibration function by determining a difference between a first transfer function for the data transmission from the transmitter unit to the receiver unit and a second transfer function for the data transmission from the receiver unit to the transmitter unit.

51. The transmitter unit of claim 48, wherein the transmit data processor is further operative to process pilot data for transmission via the communication link to the receiver unit.