Sealing interface for microfluidic device

• US 7,028,536 B2
• Filed: 06/29/2004
• Issued: 04/18/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 06/29/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Agilent Technologies, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Nanostream, Inc.
• Inventors: Pezzuto, Marci, Hobbs, Steven E., Karp, Christoph D.
• Primary Examiner(s): SKOWRONEK, KARLHEINZ R
• Application Number:
  US10/880,656
• Publication Number:
  US 20050284213A1
• Time in Patent Office: 658 Days
• Field of Search: 73/615.2, 73/615.5, 73/615.6, 210/656, 422/70, 436/161, 436/162
• US Class Current: 73/61.52
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/027 for microfluidic devices
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/0689 Sealing
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0816 Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0487 fluid pressure, pneumatics
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/502715 characterised by interfacing components, e.g. fluidic, electrical, optical or mechanical interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/50273 characterised by the means or forces applied to move the fluids micropumps F04B19/006, of the membrane type F04B43/043
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/565 Seals in general F16L
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 30/6026 Fluid seals
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 30/6095 Micromachined or nanomachined, e.g. micro- or nanosize

Abstract

A threadless interface for a fluidic system includes a microfluidic device having an outer surface and an internal near-surface channel having a first width and disposed at a first depth relative to the outer surface, with the first width being less than about two times the first depth. A fluidic seal engages the outer surface and exerts an elevated contact pressure against at least a portion of the outer surface without substantially occluding the channel. A preferred seal includes a raised boss. A fault tolerant flow path design can accommodate misalignment between adjacent device layers without detrimentally affecting fluid flow capability. The interface may be used in a microfluidic system for performing parallel analyses such as high performance liquid chromatography.

Claims

1. A fluidic system comprising:

a microfluidic device having an outer surface defining a fluidic port, the device defining a fluid flow path and defining a first microfluidic channel having a first width and being disposed within the device at a first depth relative to the outer surface;

a fluidic seal adapted to seal against the outer surface adjacent to the fluidic port; and

a compression element adapted to move any of the fluidic seal and the outer surface;

wherein the first width is less than about two times the first depth; and

wherein the fluidic seal engages the first cover layer and exerts a contact pressure of at least about 10 pounds per square inch against at least a portion of the outer surface without substantially occluding the fluid flow path.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the width is less than about the first depth.

3. The system of claim 1, further comprising a source of pressurized fluid in fluid communication with the microfluidic device by way of the fluidic seal, the system being adapted to remain substantially sealed at a fluidic supply pressure of at least about 100 pounds per square inch.

4. The system of claim 1, further comprising a source of pressurized fluid in fluid communication with the microfluidic device by way of the fluidic seal, the system being adapted to remain substantially sealed at a fluidic supply pressure of at least about 250 pounds per square inch.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein the microfluidic device comprises a first stencil layer disposed between a first cover layer and a second cover layer, and the first microfluidic channel is defined through the entire thickness of the first stencil layer.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein:

the microfluidic device comprises a plurality of substantially planar device layers;

the first channel is defined in a second device layer of the plurality of device layers;

the fluidic port is defined in a first device layer of the plurality of device layers and comprises an elongated shape disposed lengthwise substantially perpendicular to the first channel; and

the second device layer is adjacent to the first device layer, with the first channel being in fluid communication with the fluidic port.

7. The system of claim 1 wherein the fluidic seal comprises a gasket.

8. The system of claim 1 wherein the fluidic seal comprises a plurality of bosses.

9. The system of claim 8 wherein each boss of the plurality of bosses is annular in shape.

10. The system of claim 1 wherein the fluidic seal comprises a plurality of O-rings.

11. The system of claim 1 wherein the fluidic seal comprises a plurality of fluidic passages or conduits.

12. The system of claim 1 wherein the microfluidic device comprises a plurality of microfluidic separation columns, each column of the plurality of columns containing stationary phase material and being adapted to perform pressure-driven liquid chromatography.

13. The system of claim 12 wherein the microfluidic device is adapted to operate at an internal fluid pressure of at least about 100 pounds per square inch.

14. The system of claim 1 wherein the fluidic seal has a sealing surface, the sealing surface comprises a non-elastomeric material, and the first cover layer comprises a non-elastomeric material.

15. The system of claim 1 wherein the outer surface comprises a polymeric material.

16. The system of claim 1 wherein the first depth is less than about 0.010 inch.

17. A fluidic system comprising:

a microfluidic device defining a fluid flow path, the device comprising a plurality of device layers including a first cover layer, a second cover layer, and a plurality of channel-defining stencil layers disposed between the first cover layer and the second cover layer, the first cover layer defining a plurality of fluid ports and the plurality of stencil layers including a first stencil layer disposed adjacent to the first cover layer;

a fluidic seal adapted to seal against the first cover layer;

a compression element adapted to move any of the fluidic seal and the first cover layer;

wherein the first cover layer has a first thickness, the first stencil layer defines a first microfluidic channel having a first width and in fluid communication with a first port of the plurality of fluid ports, the first width being less than about two times the first thickness; and

wherein the fluidic seal engages the first cover layer and exerts a contact pressure of at least about 10 pounds per square inch against at least a portion of the first cover layer without substantially occluding the fluid flow path.

18. The system of claim 17 wherein the first width is less than about the first thickness.

19. The system of claim 17, further comprising a source of pressurized fluid in fluid communication with the microfluidic device by way of the fluidic seal, the system being adapted to remain substantially sealed at a fluidic supply pressure of at least about 100 pounds per square inch.

20. The system of claim 17, further comprising a source of pressurized fluid in fluid communication with the microfluidic device by way of the fluidic seal, the system being adapted to remain substantially sealed at a fluidic supply pressure of at least about 250 pounds per square inch.

21. The system of claim 17 wherein the plurality of stencil layers includes a second stencil layer defining a second microfluidic channel, the second microfluidic channel having a second width that is more than about two times the first width.

22. The system of claim 17 wherein the first port comprises an elongated shape disposed lengthwise substantially perpendicular to the first microfluidic channel.

23. The system of claim 17 wherein the fluidic seal comprises a gasket.

24. The system of claim 17 wherein the fluidic seal comprises a plurality of bosses.

25. The system of claim 24 wherein each boss of the plurality of bosses is annular in shape.

26. The system of claim 17 wherein the fluidic seal comprises a plurality of O-rings.

27. The system of claim 17 wherein the fluidic seal comprises a plurality of fluidic passages or conduits.

28. The system of claim 17 wherein the microfluidic device comprises a plurality of microfluidic separation columns, each column of the plurality of columns containing stationary phase material and being adapted to perform pressure-driven liquid chromatography.

29. The system of claim 28 wherein the microfluidic device is adapted to operate at an internal fluid pressure of at least about 100 pounds per square inch.

30. The system of claim 17 wherein the fluidic seal has a sealing surface, the sealing surface comprises a non-elastomeric material, and the first cover layer comprises a non-elastomeric material.

31. The system of claim 17 wherein the first cover layer comprises a polymeric material.

32. The system of claim 17 wherein the first cover layer has a thickness of less than about 0.010 inch.

33. A fluidic processing method comprising the steps of:

providing a microfluidic device having an outer surface defining a fluidic port, the device defining a fluid flow path and defining a first microfluidic channel having a first width and being disposed within the device at a first depth relative to the outer surface, wherein the first width is less than about two times the first depth;

providing a fluidic seal adapted to seal against the outer surface adjacent to the fluidic port; and

establishing a contact pressure between at least a portion of the fluidic seal and at least a portion of the outer surface of at least about 10 pounds per square inch without substantially occluding the fluid flow path.

34. The method of claim 33 wherein the fluidic seal defines a fluidic passage, the method further comprising the step of transferring fluid between the fluidic seal and the microfluidic device through the fluidic passage.

35. The method of claim 33, further comprising the step of supplying a first fluid to the microfluidic device at a fluidic supply pressure of at least about 100 pounds per square inch.

36. The method of claim 33, further comprising the step of operating the microfluidic device to perform at least one liquid chromatographic separation.