Method for low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy
First Claim
1. A method of forming a network from a plurality of nodes and a base station, the method comprising the steps of:
- (a) identifying at least one node of the plurality of nodes to operate as a cluster-head including randomly selecting one of the plurality of nodes to be a cluster-head;
(b) forming a plurality of clusters from the plurality of nodes, each of the clusters having at least one cluster-head;
(c) transmitting data from at least one node in at least one of the plurality of clusters to the cluster-head in that cluster;
(d) transmitting data from at least one cluster-head to the base station; and
(e) identifying a different one of the plurality of nodes to operate as a cluster-head;
wherein the step of randomly selecting one of the plurality of nodes to be a cluster-head is based on a probabilistic function of an amount of energy remaining in each of the plurality of nodes.
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Abstract
A method and network architecture for implementing an energy efficient network. The network includes a plurality of nodes that collect and transmit data that are ultimately routed to a base station. The network nodes form a set of clusters with a single node acting as a cluster-head. The cluster-head advertises for nodes to join its cluster, schedules the collection of data within a cluster, and then transmits the data to the base station. A cluster can intelligently combine data from individual nodes. After a period of operation, the clusters are reformed with a different set of nodes acting as cluster-heads. The network provides an increased system lifetime by balancing the energy use of individual nodes.
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Citations
25 Claims
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1. A method of forming a network from a plurality of nodes and a base station, the method comprising the steps of:
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(a) identifying at least one node of the plurality of nodes to operate as a cluster-head including randomly selecting one of the plurality of nodes to be a cluster-head; (b) forming a plurality of clusters from the plurality of nodes, each of the clusters having at least one cluster-head; (c) transmitting data from at least one node in at least one of the plurality of clusters to the cluster-head in that cluster; (d) transmitting data from at least one cluster-head to the base station; and (e) identifying a different one of the plurality of nodes to operate as a cluster-head;
wherein the step of randomly selecting one of the plurality of nodes to be a cluster-head is based on a probabilistic function of an amount of energy remaining in each of the plurality of nodes. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method for forming a network from a base station and a plurality of nodes, the method comprising the steps of:
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electing a cluster-head from the plurality of nodes; establishing a communication path between first ones of the plurality of nodes and the cluster-head to form a cluster; establishing a first round of data transmission; transmitting from the first ones of the plurality of nodes to the cluster-head during the first data transmission round; and transmitting data from the cluster-head to the base station during the first data transmission round; establishing a second round of data transmission; determining whether each node of the plurality of nodes has operated as a cluster-head; electing a second set of cluster-heads wherein each node in the second set of cluster-heads has never before been a cluster-head; forming a second set of clusters about the second set of cluster-heads; electing a plurality of cluster-heads corresponding to a first set of cluster-heads for use during the first round of data transmission; and establishing a communication path between each of the plurality of cluster-heads and at least one node of the plurality of nodes to form a first plurality of clusters. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A method for forming a network from a base station and a plurality of nodes, the method comprising the steps of:
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electing a cluster-head from the plurality of nodes; establishing a communication path between first ones of the plurality of nodes and the cluster-head to form a cluster; establishing a first round of data transmission; transmitting from the first ones of the plurality of nodes to the cluster-head during the first data transmission round; transmitting data from the cluster-head to the base station during the first data transmission round; establishing a second round of data transmission; determining an amount of energy remaining in each node of the plurality of nodes; electing a second set of cluster-heads, wherein the election is based on the amount of energy remaining in each node of the plurality of nodes; forming a second set of clusters about the second set of cluster-heads; electing a plurality of cluster-heads corresponding to a first set of cluster-heads for use during the first round of data transmission; and establishing a communication path between each of the plurality of cluster-heads and at least one node of the plurality of nodes to form a first plurality of clusters.
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17. A network comprising:
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a base station; and a plurality of nodes comprising; a cluster-head selector processor; and a cluster selector processor, each cluster comprised of a subset of said plurality of nodes, and one of each of said subset of said plurality of nodes temporarily acting as a cluster-head, wherein each of said plurality of nodes has a limited amount of remaining energy; and wherein the cluster-head selector processor selects each of said plurality of nodes as a cluster-head based on the limited amount of remaining energy in each of said plurality of nodes and a number of times each of said plurality of nodes has operated as a cluster head. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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Specification