Practical coding and metric calculation for the lattice interfered channel

• US 7,036,071 B2
• Filed: 08/07/2002
• Issued: 04/25/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 08/07/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Micron Technology, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Ben-Eli, David, Sutskover, Ilan, Shany, Yaron
• Primary Examiner(s): CHASE, SHELLY A
• Application Number:
  US10/214,630
• Publication Number:
  US 20040030979A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,357 Days
• Field of Search: 714/752, 714/758, 714/786, 714/746, 714/810, 714/755, 714/792, 375/286, 375/341, 375/292
• US Class Current: 714/810
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/09 Error detection only, e.g. using cyclic redundancy check [CRC] codes or single parity bit
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/25 Error detection or forward error correction by signal space coding, i.e. adding redundancy in the signal constellation, e.g. Trellis Coded Modulation [TCM] modulation codes H03M13/31
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/3746 with iterative decoding
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 5/20 the pulses having more than three levels
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0045 Arrangements at the receiver end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0058 Block-coded modulation

Abstract

A communication system includes a lattice interfered channel to transmit data from a transmitter to a receiver. In one embodiment, an encoding-modulation scheme having a rich signal constellation is used to encode data at a total rate of 0.7 bit/dimension or less before transmission into the lattice interfered channel. In another embodiment, decoding metric approximation techniques are used to process signals received from the lattice interfered channel. In still another embodiment, multilevel code (MLC) decoding is used to jointly decode an error correction code component and a lattice/MLC component of a received signal. The error correction code component may then be extracted from the decoded signal.

Claims

1. A communication system comprising:

an encoder-modulator to map input data into a signal constellation having more than 2^k signal points in k dimensions; and

a lattice interfered channel having an underlying channel together with at least one of the following;

addition of at least one lattice vector at an input of the underlying channel and addition of at least one lattice vector at an output of the underlying channel,

wherein said mapped input data is transmitted through said lattice interfered channel at a rate of no greater than 0.7 bits/dimension.

2. The communication system of claim 1, wherein:

said encoder-modulator includes a separate modulator and a separate encoder.

3. The communication system of claim 1, wherein:

said encoder-modulator maps said input data into said signal constellation as part of a single integrated mapping.

4. The communication system of claim 1, wherein:

said lattice interfered channel includes a modulo lattice unit to perform a modulo lattice operation on said mapped input data before said mapped input data reaches said underlying channel.

5. The communication system of claim 1, wherein:

said lattice interfered channel includes a modulo lattice unit to perform a modulo lattice operation on output data of said underlying channel.

6. A transmitter comprising:

an encoder-modulator to map input data into a k-dimensional signal constellation having greater than 2^k signal points at a rate of no more than 0.7 bits/dimension; and

a modulo lattice unit to perform a modulo lattice operation on the mapped input data.

7. The transmitter of claim 6, wherein:

said encoder-modulator includes a separate modulator and a separate encoder.

8. The transmitter of claim 6, wherein:

said encoder-modulator maps said input data into said signal constellation as part of a single integrated mapping.

9. A method for transmitting data in a communication system, comprising:

encoding and modulating data according to a signaling scheme having a rich constellation to generate a communication signal; and

transmitting said communication signal into a lattice interfered channel at a rate of no more than 0.7 bits/dimension.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein:

said lattice interfered channel includes an underlying channel and a modulo lattice unit to perform a modulo lattice operation on a signal flowing toward said underlying channel.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein:

said lattice interfered channel includes an underlying channel and a modulo lattice unit to perform a modulo lattice operation on a signal flowing out of said underlying channel.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein:

said lattice interfered channel includes an underlying channel, a first modulo lattice unit to perform a modulo lattice operation on a signal flowing toward said underlying channel, and a second modulo lattice unit to perform a modulo lattice operation on a signal flowing out of said underlying channel.

13. A method for use in processing a received signal in a communication system having a lattice interfered channel, said lattice interfered channel having an associated lattice Λ

, comprising;

identifying a point in the lattice Λ

that is closest to a received vector;

obtaining a difference between the identified point and the received vector; and

approximating a bit likelihood measure using the difference between the identified point and the received vector, wherein approximating includes calculating a sum of probabilities associated with a subset of lattice points within lattice Λ

,

wherein prior to transmission, input data is mapped into a signal constellation having more than 2^k signal points in k dimensions for transmission through the lattice interfered channel at a rate of no greater than 0.7 bits/dimension.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein:

said subset of lattice points includes points within Λ

having a norm no greater than a predetermined value ρ

.

15. A method for use in processing a received signal in a communication system having a lattice interfered channel, said lattice interfered channel having an associated lattice Λ

, comprising;

identifying a point in the lattice Λ

that is closest to a received vector;

obtaining a difference between the identified point and the received vector; and

approximating a bit likelihood measure using the difference between the identified point and the received vector, wherein approximating includes calculating a sum of probabilities associated with a subset of lattice points within lattice Λ

,

wherein calculating a sum of probabilities includes summing P({overscore ({tilde over (y)}+{overscore (λ

)}|{overscore (S)}={overscore (s)}) over the subset of lattice points and a subset of constellation points, where {overscore ({tilde over (y)} is the difference between the identified point and the received vector, {overscore (λ

)} is a point within the subset of lattice points, and {overscore (s)} is a possible value of a random transmitted symbol {overscore (S)}.

16. A method for use in processing a received signal in a communication system having a lattice interfered channel, said lattice interfered channel having an associated lattice Λ

, comprising;

identifying a point in the lattice Λ

that is closest to a received vector;

obtaining a difference between the identified point and the received vector; and

approximating a bit likelihood measure using the difference between the identified point and the received vector, wherein approximating includes calculating a sum of probabilities associated with a subset of lattice points within lattice Λ

,

wherein calculating a sum of probabilities includes summing the probability product P({overscore ({tilde over (y)}+{overscore (λ

)}|{overscore (S)}={overscore (s)})P({overscore (λ

)}|{overscore (S)}={overscore (s)})P({overscore (S)}={overscore (s)}) over the subset of lattice points, where {overscore ({tilde over (y)} is the difference between the identified point and the received vector, {overscore (λ

)} is a point within the subset of lattice points, and {overscore (s)} is a possible value of a random transmitted symbol {overscore (S)}.

17. A method for use in processing a received signal in a communication system having a lattice interfered channel, said lattice interfered channel having an associated lattice Λ

, comprising;

identifying a point in the lattice Λ

that is closest to a received vector;

obtaining a difference between the identified point and the received vector; and

approximating a bit likelihood measure using the difference between the identified point and the received vector, wherein approximating includes calculating a sum of probabilities associated with a subset of lattice points within lattice Λ

,

wherein approximating a bit likelihood measure includes calculating the following bit likelihood approximation;

$P(b_l=0<br><br><br><br>\stackrel{\_}{y})\cong <br><br>\frac{\underset{\stackrel{\_}{s}\in <br><br>{\mathrm{\Omega <br><br>}}_0<br><br>\left(l\right)}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br>\underset{\stackrel{\_}{\mathrm{\lambda <br><br>}}\in <br><br>T<br><br>\left(\mathrm{\Lambda <br><br>}\right)}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br>P(\stackrel{\widetilde{\_}}{y}+\stackrel{\_}{\mathrm{\lambda <br><br>}}<br><br><br><br>\stackrel{\_}{S}=\stackrel{\_}{s})<br><br>P(\stackrel{\_}{\mathrm{\lambda <br><br>}}<br><br><br><br>\stackrel{\_}{S}=\stackrel{\_}{s})<br><br>P<br><br>\left(\stackrel{\_}{S}=\stackrel{\_}{s}\right)}{\underset{\stackrel{\_}{s}\in <br><br>\mathrm{\Omega <br><br>}}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br>\underset{\stackrel{\_}{\mathrm{\lambda <br><br>}}\in <br><br>T<br><br>\left(\mathrm{\Lambda <br><br>}\right)}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br>P(\stackrel{\widetilde{\_}}{y}+\stackrel{\_}{\mathrm{\lambda <br><br>}}<br><br><br><br>\stackrel{\_}{S}=\stackrel{\_}{s})<br><br>P(\stackrel{\_}{\mathrm{\lambda <br><br>}}<br><br><br><br>\stackrel{\_}{S}=\stackrel{\_}{s})<br><br>P<br><br>\left(\stackrel{\_}{S}=\stackrel{\_}{s}\right)}$

where {overscore ({tilde over (y)} is the difference between the identified point and the received vector, l is a bit position index, Ω

represents an encoding-modulation constellation, Ω

₀(l) represents a set of constellation points having zero in the lth bit position, T(Λ

) is a subset of lattice points within Λ

having a norm that is no greater than a predetermined value, and {overscore (S)} is a random transmitted symbol.

18. A method for use in processing a received signal in a communication system having a lattice interfered channel, said lattice interfered channel having an associated lattice Λ

, comprising;

identifying a point in the lattice Λ

that is closest to a received vector;

obtaining a difference between the identified point and the received vector; and

approximating a bit likelihood measure using the difference between the identified point and the received vector, wherein approximating includes calculating a sum of probabilities associated with a subset of lattice points within lattice Λ

,

wherein approximating a bit likelihood measure includes calculating the following bit likelihood approximation;

$P(b_l=0<br><br><br><br>\stackrel{\_}{y})\cong <br><br>\frac{\underset{\stackrel{\_}{s}\in <br><br>{\mathrm{\Omega <br><br>}}_0<br><br>\left(l\right)}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br>\underset{\stackrel{\_}{\mathrm{\lambda <br><br>}}\in <br><br>T<br><br>\left(\mathrm{\Lambda <br><br>}\right)}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br>P(\stackrel{\widetilde{\_}}{y}+\stackrel{\_}{\mathrm{\lambda <br><br>}}<br><br><br><br>\stackrel{\_}{S}=\stackrel{\_}{s})}{\underset{\stackrel{\_}{s}\in <br><br>\mathrm{\Omega <br><br>}}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br>\underset{\stackrel{\_}{\mathrm{\lambda <br><br>}}\in <br><br>T<br><br>\left(\mathrm{\Lambda <br><br>}\right)}{\sum <br><br>}<br><br>P(\stackrel{\widetilde{\_}}{y}+\stackrel{\_}{\mathrm{\lambda <br><br>}}<br><br><br><br>\stackrel{\_}{S}=\stackrel{\_}{s})}$

where {overscore ({tilde over (y)} is the difference between the identified point and the received vector, l is a bit position index, Ω

represents an encoding-modulation constellation, Ω

₀(l) represents a set of constellation points corresponding to zero in the lth bit position, T(Λ

) is a subset of lattice points within Λ

having a norm that is no greater than a predetermined value, and {overscore (S)} is a random transmitted symbol.

19. A method for processing a communication signal, comprising:

providing a signal having an error correction codeword component, a translation component, and an additive interference component;

jointly decoding the error correction codeword component and the translation component of the signal using multilevel code (MLC) decoding to generate a decoded signal; and

extracting the error correction codeword component from the decoded signal.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein:

providing a signal includes receiving an error correction codeword from a lattice interfered channel.

21. The method of claim 19 wherein:

said translation component includes an MLC translation.

22. The method of claim 19 wherein:

said translation component includes a lattice code translation.

23. The method of claim 19 wherein:

said error correction codeword component of the signal includes a codeword of a corresponding error correction code; and

said translation component of the signal includes a translation associated with a lattice code; and

said error correction code and said lattice code collectively form an MLC.

24. The method of claim 19 wherein:

said error correction codeword component of the signal includes a codeword of a corresponding error correction code; and

said translation component of the signal includes a translation associated with a first MLC; and

said error correction code and said first MLC collectively form a second MLC.

25. A receiver comprising:

a multilevel code (MLC) decoder to jointly decode an error correction code component and a translation component of a received signal to generate a decoded signal; and

an ECC extraction unit to extract the error correction code component from the decoded signal.

26. The receiver of claim 25 wherein:

said MLC decoder uses iterative decoding techniques.

27. The receiver of claim 25 wherein:

said translation component of said received signal includes an MLC translation.

28. The receiver of claim 25 wherein:

said translation component of said received signal includes a lattice code translation.

29. The receiver of claim 25 wherein:

said error correction code component and said translation component together form a code point of an MLC.

30. A communication device comprising:

a transmitter to generate transmit signals for delivery to a remote receiver through a lattice interfered channel, said transmitter including an error correction encoder to encode input data according to an error correction code, wherein said error correction code is selected so that a multilevel code is formed by the collective action of the error correction coder and the lattice interfered channel during transmitter operation,

wherein the error correction encoder includes a modulator to map the encoded input data into a signal constellation having more than 2^k signal points in k dimensions for transmission through the lattice interfered channel at a rate of no greater than 0.7 bits/dimension.

31. The communication device of claim 30, wherein:

said transmitter includes a modulo lattice unit to perform a modulo lattice operation on a signal, said modulo lattice unit forming a part of the lattice interfered channel.

32. The communication device of claim 30, wherein:

the remote receiver includes a modulo lattice unit to perform a modulo lattice operation on a signal, said modulo lattice unit forming a part of the lattice interfered channel.