Redundant multi-fiber optical ring network

• US 7,046,621 B2
• Filed: 07/10/2002
• Issued: 05/16/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 07/10/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: I/O Controls Corporation
• Original Assignee: I/O Controls Corporation
• Inventors: Ying, Jeffrey, Wang, Yongchang
• Primary Examiner(s): MARCELO, MELVIN C
• Application Number:
  US10/193,717
• Publication Number:
  US 20040008720A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,406 Days
• Field of Search: 370/219, 370/220, 370/222, 370/223, 370/224, 370/258, 370/403, 370/404, 370/405, 370/452, 370/453, 340/3.1
• US Class Current: 370/222
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/422 Synchronisation for ring networks Time Division Multiplex ring networks, e.g. SDH/SONET H04J3/085
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/43 with synchronous transmission, e.g. time division multiplex [TDM], slotted rings
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/437 Ring fault isolation or reconfiguration for SDH/SONET ring networks H04J3/085

Abstract

A control network comprises multiple master nodes and multiple slave nodes, connected together in a loop configuration by at least one fiber optic cable. The master nodes share concurrent control over the network nodes by time multiplexing or other techniques. The control network may include two fiber optic rings which carry the same data simultaneously in opposite directions around the loop. A polling scheme may be used by the master nodes such that only one node transmits at a given time in both directions around the loop. The receiving node(s) propagate the transmissions and select between the transmissions based on time, error rate, or other factors. A hierarchical control network may be constructed with upper tier and lower tier fiber optic rings. Multiple master nodes may be used at any level of the ring, and some or all of the rings may include two fiber optics for bidirectional, redundant communication within the network.

Claims

1. A control network, comprising:

a plurality of network nodes; and

a pair of fiber optic rings connecting said network nodes in a loop configuration;

wherein a network node communicates with other network nodes by transmitting identical data in opposite directions over said pair of fiber optic rings;

wherein said network nodes comprise a plurality of master nodes and a plurality of slave nodes;

wherein said master nodes share concurrent control over said network nodes; and

wherein each of said master nodes controls a distinct, non-overlapping subset of said slave nodes.

2. The control network of claim 1, wherein each intervening network node in the fiber optic ring propagates received data to the next network node until the data reaches its destination.

3. The control network of claim 1, wherein at least one of said master nodes communicates with the slave nodes under its control according to a polling scheme.

4. The control network of claim 1, wherein said pair of fiber optic rings provide redundant communication paths among said network nodes.

5. The control network of claim 1, wherein at least one of said master nodes is configured to detect and locate a fault on one or both of said pair of fiber optic rings by systematically communicating with said slave nodes and detecting a response from each slave node on both of said pair of fiber optic rings.

6. The control network of claim 1, wherein said slave nodes inject an error code into propagated data when an error is detected by the slave node.

7. The control network of claim 1, wherein said network nodes are identified according to unique node identifiers.

8. The control network of claim 1, wherein each of said network nodes comprises a receive arbiter for selecting between data received on both of said pair of fiber optic rings.

9. The control network of claim 1, wherein upon failure of one of said master nodes, a different master node takes over some or all of the failed master node'"'"'s responsibilities.

10. A control network, comprising:

a plurality of network nodes, said network nodes comprising a plurality of slave nodes, and a plurality of master nodes sharing concurrent control over said network nodes; and

a pair of fiber optic rings connecting said network nodes in a loop configuration;

wherein each of said master nodes controls a distinct, non-overlapping subset of said slave nodes;

wherein a network node communicates with other network nodes by transmitting identical data in opposite directions over said pair of fiber optic rings;

wherein each of said nodes comprises a receive arbiter for selecting between data received on both of said pair of fiber optic rings; and

wherein said receive arbiter detects on which of said pair of fiber optic rings data was received first.

11. The control network of claim 10, wherein said receive arbiter selects which data from said pair of fiber optic rings to use for further processing.

12. The control network of claim 10, wherein said receive arbiter further comprises a lockout circuit whereby first arriving data on one of said pair of fiber optic rings temporarily prevents detection of second arriving data on the other of said pair of fiber optic rings for purposes of determining which data arrived first.

13. A control network, comprising:

a plurality of network nodes, said network nodes comprising a plurality of slave nodes, and a plurality of master nodes sharing concurrent control over said network nodes; and

a pair of fiber optic rings connecting said network nodes in a loop configuration;

wherein each of said master nodes controls a distinct, non-overlapping subset of said slave nodes;

wherein a network node communicates with other network nodes by transmitting identical data in opposite directions over said pair of fiber optic rings; and

wherein said network nodes each comprise a synchronizing driver for effecting simultaneous transmissions over both of said pair of fiber optic rings.

14. The control network of claim 13, wherein at least one of said network nodes further comprises means for gating said synchronizing driver so as to select transmission on a selected one or both of said pair of fiber optic rings.

15. A method for configuring and operating a control network, comprising the steps of:

connecting a plurality of network nodes in a loop configuration using a pair of fiber optic rings;

configuring at least one of said network nodes as a master node;

configuring a first plurality of said network nodes as slave nodes;

configuring a second plurality of said network nodes as master nodes;

sharing concurrent control by said master nodes over said network nodes; and

communicating from one network node to other network nodes by transmitting identical data in opposite directions over said pair of fiber optic rings;

wherein each of said master nodes controls a distinct, non-overlapping subset of said slave nodes.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of propagating received data at each intervening network node in the fiber optic ring to the next network node in the fiber optic ring until the transmitted data reaches its intended destination.

17. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of communicating between at least one of said master nodes and the slave nodes under its control according to a polling scheme.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein said pair of fiber optic rings provide redundant communication paths among said network nodes.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein at least one of said master nodes is configured to detect and locate a fault on one or both of said pair of fiber optic rings by performing the steps of:

systematically communicating with said slave nodes; and

detecting a response from each slave node on both of said pair of fiber optic rings.

20. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of injecting an error code into propagated data when an error is detected by the slave node.

21. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of identifying said network nodes according to unique node identifiers.

22. The method of claim 15, wherein each of said nodes comprises a receive arbiter for selecting between data received on both of said pair of fiber optic rings.

23. The method of claim 15, further comprising the steps of:

detecting a failure of one of said master nodes; and

causing a different master node takes over some or all of the failed master node'"'"'s responsibilities.

24. A method for configuring and operating a control network, comprising the steps of:

connecting a plurality of network nodes in a loop configuration using a pair of fiber optic rings, wherein each of said nodes comprises a receive arbiter for selecting between data received on both of said pair of fiber optic rings;

configuring a first plurality of said network nodes as slave nodes;

configuring a second plurality of said network nodes as master nodes;

sharing concurrent control by said master nodes over said network nodes, wherein each of said master nodes controls a distinct, non-overlapping subset of said slave nodes;

communicating from one network node to other network nodes by transmitting identical data in opposite directions over said pair of fiber optic rings; and

detecting on which of said pair of fiber optic rings data was received first using said receive arbiter.

25. The method of claim 24, further comprising the step of selecting which data from said pair of fiber optic rings to use for further processing.

26. The method of claim 24, wherein said receive arbiter further comprises a lockout circuit whereby first arriving data on one of said pair of fiber optic rings temporarily prevents detection of second arriving data on the other of said pair of fiber optic rings for purposes of determining which data arrived first.

27. A method for configuring and operating a control network, comprising the steps of:

connecting a plurality of network nodes in a loop configuration using a pair of fiber optic rings;

configuring a first plurality of said network nodes as slave nodes;

configuring a second plurality of said network nodes as master nodes;

sharing concurrent control by said master nodes over said network nodes, wherein each of said master nodes controls a distinct, non-overlapping subset of said slave nodes;

communicating from one network node to other network nodes by transmitting identical data in opposite directions over said pair of fiber optic rings;

wherein said network nodes each comprise a synchronizing driver for effecting simultaneous transmissions over both of said pair of fiber optic rings.

28. The method of claim 27, further comprising the step of gating said synchronizing driver so as to select transmission on a selected one or both of said pair of fiber optic rings.

29. A control network, comprising:

a plurality of network nodes; and

a first fiber optic ring and a second fiber optic ring connecting said network nodes in a loop configuration;

wherein the network nodes communicate according to a protocol wherein one network node transmits data at a given time;

wherein a network node communicates with other nodes by concurrently transmitting identical data, in opposite directions, over said first fiber optic ring and said second fiber optic ring;

wherein at least one non-transmitting network node receives data transmitted by the transmitting network node over both said first fiber optic ring and said second fiber optic ring;

wherein said network nodes comprise a plurality of master nodes and a plurality of slave nodes;

wherein said master nodes share concurrent control over said network nodes; and

wherein each of said master nodes controls a distinct, non-overlapping subset of said slave nodes.

31. The control network of claim 29, wherein at least one of said master nodes communicates with said slave nodes according to a polling scheme.

32. The control network of claim 29, wherein said first fiber optic ring and said second fiber optic ring provide redundant communication paths among said network nodes.

33. The control network of claim 29, wherein at least one of said master nodes is configured to detect and locate a fault on one or both of said first fiber optic ring and second fiber optic ring by systematically communicating with said slave nodes and detecting a response from each slave node on both of said first fiber optic ring and said second fiber optic ring.

34. The control network of claim 29, wherein said slave nodes inject an error code into propagated data when an error is detected by the slave node.

35. The control network of claim 29, wherein said network nodes are identified according to unique node identifiers.

30. A control network, comprising:

a plurality of network nodes, said network nodes comprising a plurality of slave nodes, and a plurality of master nodes sharing concurrent control over said network nodes; and

a first fiber optic ring and a second fiber optic ring connecting said network nodes in a loop configuration;

wherein each of said master nodes controls a distinct, non-overlapping subset of said slave nodes;

wherein the network nodes communicate according to a protocol wherein one network node transmits data at a given time;

wherein a network node communicates with other nodes by concurrently transmitting identical data, in opposite directions, over said first fiber optic ring and said second fiber optic ring;

wherein at least one non-transmitting network node receives data transmitted by the transmitting network node over both said first fiber optic ring and said second fiber optic ring; and

wherein said at least one non-transmitting network node selects for further processing the earliest arriving data from said first fiber optic ring and said second fiber optic ring.

36. A control network, comprising:

a plurality of network nodes, said network nodes comprising a plurality of slave nodes, and a plurality of master nodes sharing concurrent control over said network nodes; and

a first fiber optic ring and a second fiber optic ring connecting said network nodes in a loop configuration;

wherein each of said master nodes controls a distinct, non-overlapping subset of said slave nodes;

wherein the network nodes communicate according to a protocol wherein one network node transmits data at a given time;

wherein a network node communicates with other nodes by concurrently transmitting identical data, in opposite directions, over said first fiber optic ring and said second fiber optic ring;

wherein at least one non-transmitting network node receives data transmitted by the transmitting network node over both said first fiber optic ring and said second fiber optic ring; and

wherein said network nodes each comprise a synchronizing driver for effecting simultaneous transmissions over both said first fiber optic ring and said second fiber optic ring.