In situ thermal recovery from a relatively permeable formation with quality control

• US 7,051,807 B2
• Filed: 04/24/2002
• Issued: 05/30/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 04/24/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Shell Oil Company (Shell Plc)
• Original Assignee: Shell Oil Company (Shell Plc)
• Inventors: Karanikas, John Michael, de Rouffignac, Eric Pierre, Vinegar, Harold J., Wellington, Scott Lee, Sumnu-Dindoruk, Meliha Deniz
• Primary Examiner(s): SUCHFIELD, GEORGE A
• Application Number:
  US10/131,155
• Publication Number:
  US 20030098605A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,497 Days
• Field of Search: 166/57, 166/59, 166/60, 166/245, 166/250.01, 166/250.07, 166/257, 166/258, 166/272.1, 166/302, 166/306, 166/369, 299/2, 705/1, 705/400, 705/413
• US Class Current: 166/245
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 17/10 Wear protectors; Centralising devices , e.g. stabilisers
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 36/00 Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 36/02 using burners
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 36/025 the burners being above ground or outside the bore hole
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 36/04 using electrical heaters
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/166 Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium CO2 injection E21B43/164; steam injection E21B43/24
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/24 using heat, e.g. steam injection
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/243 Combustion in situ
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/247 in association with fracturing processes or crevice forming processes
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/281 using heat
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/30 Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/305 comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/07 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 7/04 Directional drilling
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/0391 Affecting flow by the addition of material or energy

Abstract

A method for treating a relatively permeable formation containing heavy hydrocarbons in situ may include providing heat from one or more heat sources to a portion of the formation. The heat may be allowed to transfer from the heat sources to a selected section of the formation. The transferred heat may pyrolyze at least some hydrocarbons within the selected section. A mixture may be produced from the selected section. A quality of the produced mixture may be controlled by varying a location for producing the mixture.

Claims

1. A method for treating a relatively permeable formation in situ, comprising:

providing heat from one or more heaters to at least a portion of the relatively permeable formation;

allowing the heat to transfer from the one or more heaters to a part of the formation such that the heat pyrolyzes at least some hydrocarbons within the part of the formation;

producing a mixture from the part of the formation when a partial pressure of hydrogen in the formation is at least about 0.5 bars absolute; and

controlling a quality of the produced mixture by varying a location for producing the mixture.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein varying the location for producing the mixture comprises varying a production location within a production well in or proximate the part of the formation.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein varying the production location within the production well comprises varying a packing height within the production well.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein varying the production location within the production well comprises varying a location of perforations used to produce the mixture within the production well.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein varying the location for producing the mixture comprises varying a production location along a length of a production wellbore placed in the formation.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein varying the location for producing the mixture comprises varying a location of a production well within the formation.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein varying the location for producing the mixture comprises varying a number of production wells in the formation.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein varying the location for producing the mixture comprises varying a distance between a production well and one or more heaters.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein controlling the quality of the produced mixture by varying the location for producing the mixture comprises increasing the quality of the produced mixture by producing the mixture from an upper portion of the part of the formation.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein controlling the quality of the produced mixture by varying the location for producing the mixture comprises producing the mixture from a lower portion of the part of the formation, wherein producing the mixture from the lower portion of the part of the formation comprises increasing a total mass recovery from the part of the formation.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein varying the location for producing the mixture comprises selecting the location for producing the mixture based on a price characteristic for produced hydrocarbons.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the price characteristic is determined by multiplying a production rate of the produced mixture at a selected API gravity from the part of the formation by a price obtainable for selling the produced mixture with the selected API gravity.

13. The method of claim 11, further comprising adjusting the location for producing the mixture based on a change in the price characteristic.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the quality of the produced mixture comprises an API gravity of the produced mixture.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the produced mixture comprises an acid number less than about 1.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein controlling the quality of the produced mixture further comprises controlling the heat provided from at least one of the heaters.

17. The method of claim 1, further comprising controlling the quality of the produced mixture such that the produced mixture comprises a selected minimum API gravity.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat provided from at least one of the heaters is transferred to at least a portion of the formation substantially by conduction.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein a ratio of energy output of the produced mixture to energy input into the formation is at least about 5.

20. A method for treating a relatively permeable formation in situ, comprising:

providing heat from one or more heaters to at least a portion of the relatively permeable formation;

allowing the heat to transfer from the one or more heaters to a part of the formation such that the heat pyrolyzes at least some hydrocarbons within the part of the formation;

producing a mixture from the part of the formation; and

controlling a quality of the produced mixture by varying a location for producing the mixture, wherein varying the location for producing the mixture comprises varying a production location within a production well in or proximate the part of the formation.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein varying the production location within the production well comprises varying a packing height within the production well.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein varying the production location within the production well comprises varying a location of perforations used to produce the mixture within the production well.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein the produced mixture comprises an acid number less than about 1.

24. The method of claim 20, wherein varying the location for producing the mixture comprises selecting the location for producing the mixture based on a price characteristic for produced hydrocarbons.

25. The method of claim 20, wherein the quality of the produced mixture comprises an API gravity of the produced mixture.

26. The method of claim 20, wherein controlling the quality of the produced mixture by varying the location for producing the mixture comprises increasing the quality of the produced mixture by producing the mixture from an upper portion of the part of the formation.

27. The method of claim 20, wherein controlling the quality of the produced mixture by varying the location for producing the mixture comprises producing the mixture from a lower portion of the part of the formation, wherein producing the mixture from the lower portion of the part of the formation comprises increasing a total mass recovery from the part of the formation.

28. The method of claim 20, wherein a ratio of energy output of the produced mixture to energy input into the formation is at least about 5.

29. A method for treating a relatively permeable formation in situ, comprising:

providing heat from one or more heaters to at least a portion of the relatively permeable formation;

allowing the heat to transfer from the one or more heaters to a part of the formation such that the heat pyrolyzes at least some hydrocarbons within the part of the formation;

producing a mixture from the part of the formation; and

controlling a quality of the produced mixture by varying a location for producing the mixture, wherein varying the location for producing the mixture comprises varying the location along a length of a production wellbore placed in the formation.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein varying the location for producing the mixture comprises selecting the location for producing the mixture based on a price characteristic for produced hydrocarbons.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein the price characteristic is determined by multiplying a production rate of the produced mixture at a selected API gravity from the part of the formation by a price obtainable for selling the produced mixture with the selected API gravity.

32. The method of claim 30, further comprising adjusting the location for producing the mixture based on a change in the price characteristic.

33. The method of claim 29, wherein the quality of the produced mixture comprises an API gravity of the produced mixture.

34. The method of claim 29, wherein the produced mixture comprises an acid number less than about 1.

35. The method of claim 29, wherein controlling the quality of the produced mixture further comprises controlling the heat provided from at least one of the heaters.

36. The method of claim 29, further comprising controlling the quality of the produced mixture such that the produced mixture comprises a selected minimum API gravity.

37. The method of claim 29, wherein the heat provided from at least one of the heaters is transferred to at least a portion of the formation substantially by conduction.