Line-level path protection in the optical layer

• US 7,054,262 B2
• Filed: 03/26/2004
• Issued: 05/30/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 03/26/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Gerstel, Ornan
• Primary Examiner(s): Pham, Chi
• Assistant Examiner(s): Boakye, Alexander O.
• Application Number:
  US10/809,987
• Publication Number:
  US 20050213508A1
• Time in Patent Office: 795 Days
• Field of Search: 370/216, 370/217, 370/219, 370/242, 370/907, 370/395, 370/408, 370/221, 370/222, 370/225, 370/227, 370/228
• US Class Current: 370/216
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 2203/006 Fault tolerance and recovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0663 Performing the actions predefined by failover planning, e.g. switching to standby network elements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/22 Alternate routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/247 using M:N active or standby paths
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/28 using route fault recovery

Abstract

Systems and methods provide very fast protection switching while leaving selected traffic unprotected. When a link fails, only certain pre-selected paths are rerouted at the point of failure. Other traffic is left unprotected or protected at another layer. Signaling of the failure and the rerouting is performed for the link as a whole rather than for the individual paths. Signaling occurs at a first layer of a digital transmission hierarchy while path rerouting switching occurs at a second hierarchical layer above the first layer. In certain implementations, K1/K2 bytes are used in signaling at the optical line layer (OC-n), while only protected High-Order paths (STS) and Low-Order paths (VT) are protected by the protection switch.

Claims

1. In a mesh network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, a method of operating a node to handle link failure, said method comprising:

detecting failure of a data communication link at a second hierarchical layer, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer above said second hierarchical layer;

signaling local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer only without flooding throughout said mesh network; and

switching only protected ones of said plurality of paths to alternate routes through said network to avoid said failure.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said at least one of said plurality of paths is protected and at least one of said plurality of paths is unprotected.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said first hierarchical layer comprises STS-1 communications and said second hierarchical layer comprises OC-n communications.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein said first hierarchical layer comprises VT1.5 communications and said second hierarchical layer comprises STS-1 communications.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

pre-configuring which ones of said plurality of paths are protected.

6. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

pre-configuring protection routes for said plurality of protected paths.

7. In a mesh network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, apparatus for operating a node to handle link failure, said apparatus comprising:

means for detecting failure of a data communication link at a second hierarchical layer, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer above said second hierarchical layer;

means for signaling local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer only without flooding throughout said mesh network; and

means for switching only protected ones of said plurality of paths to alternate routes through said network to avoid said failure.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said first hierarchical layer comprises STS-1 communications and said second hierarchical layer comprises OC-n communications.

9. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said first hierarchical layer comprises VT1.5 communications and said second hierarchical layer comprises STS-1 communications.

10. The apparatus of claim 7 further comprising:

means for pre-configuring which ones of said plurality of paths are protected.

11. The apparatus of claim 7 further comprising:

means for pre-configuring protection routes for said plurality of protected paths.

12. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said at least one of said plurality of paths is protected and at least one of said plurality of paths is unprotected.

13. In a network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, apparatus for operating a node to handle link failure, said apparatus comprising:

a processor;

a memory storing instructions for execution by said processor, said instructions comprising;

code that causes detection of failure of a data communication link defined at a second hierarchical layer, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer above said second hierarchical layer;

code that causes signaling of local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer; and

code that causes switching of only protected ones of said plurality of paths to alternate routes through said network to avoid said failure.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said network comprises a mesh network.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said code that causes signaling comprises:

code that causes signaling without flooding throughout said mesh network.

16. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said at least one of said plurality of paths is protected and at least one of said plurality of paths is unprotected.

17. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said first hierarchical layer comprises STS-1 communications and said second hierarchical layer comprises OC-n communications.

18. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said first hierarchical layer comprises VT1.5 communications and said second hierarchical layer comprises STS-1 communications.

19. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said instructions further comprise:

code that causes preconfiguration of which ones of said plurality of paths are protected.

20. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said instructions further comprise:

code that causes preconfiguration of protection routes for said plurality of protected paths.

21. In a network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, a computer program product for operating a node to handle link failure, said computer program product comprising:

code that causes detection of failure of a data communication link defined at a second hierarchical layer, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer above said second hierarchical layer;

code that causes signaling of local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer below said first hierarchical layer;

code that causes switching of only protected ones of said plurality of paths to alternate routes through said network to avoid said failure; and

a computer-readable storage medium that stores the codes.

22. In a mesh network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, a method of operating a node to handle link failure, said method comprising:

detecting failure of a data communication link at a second hierarchical layer, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer above said second hierarchical layer;

signaling local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer without flooding throughout said mesh network; and

switching only protected ones of said plurality of paths to alternate routes through said network to avoid said failure.

23. In a mesh network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, a method of operating a node to handle link failure, said method comprising:

detecting failure of a data communication link at a second hierarchical layer comprising STS-1 communications, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer comprising VT1.5 communications above said second hierarchical layer;

signaling local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer; and

switching only protected ones of said plurality of paths to alternate routes through said network to avoid said failure.

24. In a network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, a method of operating a node to handle link failure, said method comprising:

detecting failure of a data communication link at a second hierarchical layer, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer above said second hierarchical layer;

signaling local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer;

pre-configuring which ones of said plurality of paths are protected; and

switching only protected ones of said plurality of paths to alternate routes through said network to avoid said failure.

25. In a network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, a method of operating a node to handle link failure, said method comprising:

detecting failure of a data communication link at a second hierarchical layer, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer above said second hierarchical layer;

signaling local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer;

pre-configuring protection routes for said plurality of protected paths; and

switching only protected ones of said plurality of paths to protection routes through said network to avoid said failure.

26. In a mesh network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, apparatus for operating a node to handle link failure, said apparatus comprising:

means for detecting failure of a data communication link at a second hierarchical layer, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer above said second hierarchical layer;

means for signaling local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer signaling without flooding throughout said mesh network; and

means for switching only protected ones of said plurality of paths to alternate routes through said network to avoid said failure.

27. In a network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, apparatus for operating a node to handle link failure, said apparatus comprising:

means for detecting failure of a data communication link at a second hierarchical layer comprising STS-1 communications, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer comprising VT1.5 communications above said second hierarchical layer;

means for signaling local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer; and

means for switching only protected ones of said plurality of paths to alternate routes through said network to avoid said failure.

28. In a network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, apparatus for operating a node to handle link failure, said apparatus comprising:

means for detecting failure of a data communication link at a second hierarchical layer, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer above said second hierarchical layer;

means for signaling local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer;

means for pre-configuring which ones of said plurality of paths are protected; and

means for switching only protected ones of said plurality of paths to alternate routes through said network to avoid said failure.

29. In a network that employs a hierarchical digital transmission standard, apparatus for operating a node to handle link failure, said apparatus comprising:

means for detecting failure of a data communication link at a second hierarchical layer, wherein said link is employed by a plurality of paths defined at a first hierarchical layer above said second hierarchical layer;

means for signaling local repair of said failure using overhead information of said second hierarchical layer;

means for pre-configuring protection routes for said plurality of protected paths; and

means for switching only protected ones of said plurality of paths to protection routes through said network to avoid said failure.