Single axle wireless remote controlled rover with omnidirectional wheels

• US 7,056,185 B1
• Filed: 10/04/2004
• Issued: 06/06/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 10/04/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Thomas Anagnostou
• Original Assignee: Thomas Anagnostou
• Inventors: Anagnostou, Thomas
• Primary Examiner(s): Hurley, Kevin
• Application Number:
  US10/958,005
• Time in Patent Office: 610 Days
• Field of Search: 180/218, 180/7.1, 180/7.2, 180/167, 180/6.2, 180/6.5, 446/431, 446/443, 446/454, 446/456, 446/457, 446/462
• US Class Current: 446/456
• CPC Class Codes: A63H 17/262 Chassis; Wheel mountings; Wheels; Axles; Suspensions; Fitting body portions to chassis
• CPC Class Codes: A63H 30/04 using wireless transmission
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 17/046 with planetary gearing having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2001/001 one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2007/0046 the motor moving together with the vehicle body, i.e. moving independently from the wheel axle
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2007/0069 the motor axle being perpendicular to the wheel axle
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 7/0007 the motor being electric
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/46 Wheel motors, i.e. motor connected to only one wheel
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 61/00 Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern

Abstract

A wireless remote controlled rover (100) having a circular outer boundary when viewed in profile, comprising an elongated round-profile frame (20) outfitted with a pair of omnidirectional wheels (101L,R), rotatable in opposite directions by a drive system (50), for steering. Each of omnidirectional wheels (101L,R) comprises a set of secondary wheels (150L,R) akin to large diameter hollow flexible shafts arcuately bent and distributed in a polar array about corresponding hubs (82L,R). The secondary wheels (150L,R) are rotatable by the drive system (50) for longitudinal thrust of rover (100). A user controls the steering and thrust actions via remote control (166) for navigation and to compensate for incidental inertial rolling/careening effects of the two-wheel round-profile rover (100) while in motion. An onboard intelligent electronic processing unit (33) uses sensory feedback for autopilot, or assistive navigation, during certain scenarios such as performing user-requested optimum stopping maneuvers.

Claims

1. A wireless-remote-controlled round profile axle-like rover responsive to control signals from a remote transmitter unit, comprising:

a) a pair of ground engaging wheels all having a common central axis of rotation, each of said wheels being omnidirectional and comprising a hub rotatable about said central axis, said hub having a group of peripheral circumrotatory ground-contact elements circumferentially disposed thereof, each of said peripheral elements having a respective spin axis independent in relation to said central axis and each of said peripheral elements being fully rotatable about its own respective said spin axis, said group of peripheral elements defining a substantially circular ground-contact boundary about said central axis on each of said wheels, and

b) a wireless remote controlled wheel drive engaging said hub and engaging said group of peripheral elements on each of said wheels and selectively distributing rotational energies among said hub and said group of peripheral elements respectively on each said wheels;

whereby said rover substantially resembles a single two-wheeled axle that can rollably careen unobstructed on a ground surface at a speed substantially orthogonal to said central axis of rotation, as well as steer by distribution of opposing rotational energies to each of said hubs, and propel linearly along said central axis by distribution of uniform rotational energies to said groups of peripheral elements of said wheels.

2. The rover of claim 1 wherein said rover is structurally confined within an imaginary cylindrical envelope defined by said central axis and the radius of said ground-contact boundary of said wheels.

3. The rover of claim 1 wherein said rover has a balanced weight distribution about said central axis of rotation and has a center of gravity substantially coinciding with said central axis of rotation.

4. The rover of claim 1 wherein said wireless remote controlled wheel drive includes mechanical or electronic constraints rendering said hubs always rotatable in opposite directions relative to each other and rendering each of said peripheral elements on both said wheels always rotatable synchronously with uniform rotational speed and direction.

5. The rover of claim 1 wherein each of said omnidirectional wheels further comprises vivid exterior indicia mutually contrasting between each of said omnidirectional wheels, whereby a human operator can use as visual reference of orientation of said rover from a distance.

6. The rover of claim 1 wherein:

a) each of said hubs further comprises a plurality of drive spindles tangentially and rotatably disposed on the periphery of said hubs equidistantly about the hub rotation axis and receiving rotational energy from said wireless remote controlled wheel drive, and

b) said group of peripheral elements is a plurality of cylindrical flexible shafts, each bent to a natural arc and each being endwise detachably attached between pairs of consecutive said drive spindles, said flexible shafts defining a substantially circular ground contact perimeter and serving as secondary wheels;

whereby each of said omnidirectional wheels can roll on a ground surface as well as translate laterally, at will, along the hub rotation axis relative to a ground surface.

7. The rover of claim 1 wherein said wireless remote controlled wheel drive comprises:

a) a pair of drive motors,

b) a drivetrain engaging said motors and receiving output rotational energies from said motors, said hubs engaging said drivetrain and receiving a first range of rotational energies, said groups of peripheral elements engaging said drivetrain and receiving a second range of rotational energies,

c) a processing unit communicatively connected with each of said drive motors and controlling the angular velocities of said motors, said processing unit in communication with said remote transmitter unit, and

d) a power source connected to said motors and said processing unit,

said motors, said drivetrain, and said processing unit cooperate and render said hubs always rotatable in opposite directions relative to each other and render each of said peripheral elements always rotatable synchronously with uniform angular velocities on both said wheels;

whereby said processing unit interprets user signals and regulates accordingly the angular velocity of each of said motors and consequently the portions of rotational energies distributed among said hub and said group of peripheral elements respectively on each of said wheels.

8. The rover of claim 7 further comprising one or more orientation and velocity sensors communicatively connected with said processing unit and providing sensory feedback;

whereby said rover is made self-aware of several orientation and velocity parameters such as longitudinal inclination as well as speed and direction of travel.

9. The rover of claim 7 further comprising:

a) a hollow shaft having at least one open end and having said hubs rotatably disposed endwise thereof, said shaft defining an inner cylindrical chamber and having a longitudinal axis coincidental with said central axis, and

b) at least one cap or closure lockably mounted on each said open ends of said hollow shaft,

said power source disposed within said chamber;

whereby said closure allows user access to said chamber for replacement of said power source.

10. The rover of claim 9 wherein said drivetrain comprises:

a) a pair of planetary gearing systems, each engaging with a corresponding one of said wheels, and each of said planetary gearing systems comprising;

i) a ring gear rotatably and coaxially mounted on said shaft,

ii) a sun gear rotatably mounted on said shaft and coaxial with said ring gear,

iii) a plurality of planetary gears meshing with said ring gear and with said sun gear and arranged in a polar array about the central axis of said ring gear and said sun gear, and

iv) a planetary gear carrier ring having said planetary gears rotatably disposed thereof and said carrier ring being fixedly secured on said hub of a corresponding one of said wheels,

b) a first transmission means connecting each of said sun gears with a first of said drive motors,

c) a second transmission means connecting each of said ring gears with a second of said drive motors,

d) a plurality of drive spindles tangentially and rotatably disposed equidistantly on the periphery of said hubs of said wheels, and

e) a plurality of spindle transmission means coupling each of said planetary gears to a respective one of said drive spindles on a corresponding said wheel;

whereby said carrier rings convey rotation on said hubs and said planetary gears convey rotation on said flexible shafts and the relative rotational speeds between the first and second of said drive motors determines the proportion of rotational energies delivered to said hub and said flexible shafts of each of said wheels.

11. A method of roving on a surface using a remote vehicle and a wireless controller, comprising:

a) providing a pair of coaxial omnidirectional wheels rotatable relative to each other about a central longitudinal axis, said wheels having hubs with peripheral roller elements, said roller elements allowing said wheels to propel laterally along their hub axis of rotation, said wheels can also roll as a whole on a surface about their hub axis of rotation,

b) providing a wheel drive means for selectively rotating said hubs always in opposite directions relative to each other so as to enable directional changes of said vehicle, said wheel drive means selectively rotating said roller elements of both said wheels simultaneously with uniform rotational velocities so as to enable linear travel of said vehicle along said longitudinal axis,

c) providing a transmitter unit for use remotely by a human operator, said transmitter unit comprising steering and thrust controls,

d) providing a processing unit on said vehicle for interpreting input from said transmitter unit and translating said input into control signals for said wheel drive means, said processing unit translating

i) steering signals into rotation of said hubs in opposite directions relative to each other so that said vehicle can change direction of travel, and

ii) thrust signals into simultaneous rotation of said peripheral elements of both said wheels at uniform rotational speeds and directions so that said vehicle can travel linearly along said longitudinal axis.

12. The method of claim 11 further comprising:

a) providing sensor means on said vehicle conveying feedback input signals to said processing unit for monitoring inertial velocity, rotational velocity, axial orientation, and axial inclination,

b) providing deceleration controls for said transmitter unit, said processing unit translating deceleration signals into a series of automated steering actions orchestrated by said processing unit in consultation with said sensor means, said processing unit ordering said wheel drive into successive steering maneuvers, each said maneuver being a swift steering attempt of bringing the vehicle said longitudinal axis temporarily in line with the direction of inertial roll velocity of said vehicle and then swiftly restoring said longitudinal axis to its previous orientation and each said swift steering attempt reducing the vehicle inertial velocity by a small amount and repeating until the vehicle stops completely or decelerates to a desired inertial roll velocity.