Method and apparatus for centrally-controlled electrical protection system architecture reliability improvement based on sensitivity analysis

• US 7,058,481 B2
• Filed: 02/25/2003
• Issued: 06/06/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 02/25/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Berkcan, Ertugrul, Sealing, Charles Scott, Jiang, Mingxiao
• Primary Examiner(s): Gandhi, Jayprakash N.
• Application Number:
  US10/373,675
• Publication Number:
  US 20030220719A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,197 Days
• Field of Search: 700/21, 700/79, 714/1, 318/568.24
• US Class Current: 700/286
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/12 Synchronisation of different clock signals provided by a plurality of clock generators
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/05 Digital input using the sampling of an analogue quantity at regular intervals of time , input from a/d converter or output to d/a converter
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2300/03 Application domotique, e.g. for house automation, bus connected switches, sensors, loads or intelligent wiring
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 83/20 operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 1/0061 concerning transmission of signals transmission of measured quantities or switching orders; sectionalised protection involving signal transmission between at least two stations H02H7/261; comparison of the voltage or current values at two spaced portions of a single system H02H3/28; transferring the output of a sensing member to another variable G01D5/00; electrical measuring arrangements using modulation of electromagnetic waves, e.g. light beams G01R15/24, G01R15/26
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/006 Calibration or setting of parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/05 with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements for logic circuits H03K19/003
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/261 involving signal transmission between at least two stations transmission of signals in general H02H1/0061
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/262 involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/263 involving transmissions of measured values comparison of currents or voltages using pilot wires H02H3/30
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/30 Staggered disconnection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00001 characterised by the display of information or by user interaction, e.g. supervisory control and data acquisition systems [SCADA] or graphical user interfaces [GUI]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00007 using the power network as support for the transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00009 using pulsed signals
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00012 using an auxiliary transmission line
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00016 using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00018 using phone lines
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00028 involving the use of Internet protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00036 the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers circuits for indication of single switches H01H9/167
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/0004 : involved in a protection system
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2203/20 : Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/64 : The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/00 : Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/001 : Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/007 : Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing uninterruptable power supply H02J9/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/12 : for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 3/0658 : Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 3/0661 : using timestamps
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0002 : by adapting the transmission rate
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0018 : based on latency requirement
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0253 : using browsers or web-pages for accessing management information
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/00 : Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/06 : Generation of reports
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0817 : by checking functioning
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 : Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 : Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 : Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/50 : in wire-line communication networks, e.g. low power modes or reduced link rate
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 80/10 : Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/40 : Display of information, e.g. of data or controls
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/14 : Protecting elements, switches, relays or circuit breakers
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/20 : End-user application control systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 : Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/00 : Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/121 : using the power network as support for the transmission
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/124 : using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 50/10 : Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid

Abstract

A method and system and a computer program for improving reliability of a centrally-controlled electrical protection system is provided. The method includes identifying at least one component of the centrally-controlled power distribution system, obtaining at least one of reliability data and reparability data for each at least one component of the centrally-controlled power distribution system, and constructing a reliability block diagram for each functional category. The computer system and computer program code segment are configured to implement the method for improving reliability of a centrally-controlled electrical protection system architecture based on sensitivity analysis.

Claims

1. A method for improving reliability of a centrally-controlled power distribution system architecture based on sensitivity analysis wherein the power distribution system includes at least one component, and a protection system that includes at least one functional category, said method comprising:

identifying at least one component of the centrally-controlled power distribution system;

obtaining at least one of reliability data and reparability data for each at least one component of the centrally-controlled power distribution system; and

constructing a reliability block diagram for each functional category, wherein constructing a reliability block diagram for each functional category comprises constructing a reliability block diagram for categories including at least one of a basic protection function, a relay protection function, a monitoring function, and a control function.

2. A method in accordance with claim 1 further comprising determining a reliability of each component in the system wherein the reliability is measured as a probability of the component functionality at a first time that is greater than or equal to the system functionality at a second time wherein the first time is later than the second time.

3. A method for improving reliability of a centrally-controlled power distribution system architecture based on sensitivity analysis wherein the power distribution system includes at least one component, and a protection system that includes at least one functional category, said method comprising:

identifying at least one component of the centrally-controlled power distribution system;

obtaining at least one of reliability data and reparability data for each at least one component of the centrally-controlled power distribution system; and

constructing a reliability block diagram for each functional category,

further comprising, for each functional category, performing the following steps iteratively;

identifying a minimum cut set;

determining a reliability of the centrally-controlled electrical protection system;

varying at least one of a redundancy, a reliability, and a reparability of each of the at least one component of the system; and

determining a change in the system reliability based on a change of the redundancy, reliability, and reparability of each of the at least one component.

4. A method in accordance with claim 3 wherein determining a reliability of the centrally-controlled electrical protection system comprises determining the reliability of the centrally-controlled electrical protection system based on the at least one of the level of redundancy of each component, the reliability of each component, and the reparability of each component.

5. A method in for improving reliability of a centrally-controlled power distribution system architecture based on sensitivity analysis wherein the power distribution system includes at least one component, and a protection system that includes at least one functional category, said method comprising:

identifying at least one component of the centrally-controlled power distribution system;

obtaining at least one of reliability data and reparability data for each at least one component of the centrally-controlled power distribution system; and

constructing a reliability block diagram for each functional category further comprising, for each functional category;

identifying a first component whose change in at least one of redundancy, reliability and reparability produces a change of the system reliability of a first amount; and

identifying a second component whose change in redundancy, reliability, and reparability produces a change of the system reliability of a second amount, wherein said first amount is greater than the second amount.

6. A method for improving reliability of a centrally-controlled power distribution system architecture based on sensitivity analysis wherein the power distribution system includes at least one component, and a protection system that includes at least one functional category, said method comprising:

identifying at least one component of the centrally-controlled power distribution system;

obtaining at least one of reliability data and reparability data for each at least one component of the centrally-controlled power distribution system;

constructing a reliability block diagram for each functional category; and

ordering the at least one components based on the relative amount of change of system reliability associated with each change of each component redundancy, reliability, and reparability.

7. A method in accordance with claim 6 further comprising analyzing the ordered components using cost analysis to determine each component optimum level of redundancy, reliability, and reparability.

8. A computer system for improving reliability of a centrally-controlled electrical protection system architecture based on sensitivity analysis wherein said centrally-controlled electrical protection system comprises at least one component, said computer system configured to:

determine a reliability of said centrally-controlled electrical protection system;

vary at least one of a redundancy, reliability, and a reparability of said at least one component of said system;

determine a change in said system reliability based on a change of said varied redundancy, reliability, and reparability of each said at least one component;

identify a first component whose change in at least one of redundancy, reliability and reparability produces a change of the system reliability of a first amount; and

identify a second component whose change in redundancy, reliability, and reparability produces a change of the system reliability of a second amount, wherein said first amount is greater than the second amount.

9. A computer system in accordance with claim 8 wherein said computer system is further configured to identify at least one component included in said system.

10. A computer system in accordance with claim 8 wherein said computer system is further configured to determine a reliability of each component in said system wherein said reliability is measured as a probability of said component functionality at a first time that is greater than or equal to said component functionality at a second time wherein said first time is later than said second time.

11. A computer system in accordance with claim 8 wherein said computer system is further configured to determine a reliability of said centrally-controlled electrical protection system based on at least one of said determined reliability of each component, said reparability of each component, and said redundancy of each component.

12. A computer system in accordance with claim 8 wherein said computer system is further configured to iteratively determine a change in said determined system reliability for each change in each component redundancy, reliability, and reparability wherein said change in said determined system reliability is expressed as an amount of change relative to said first amount.

13. A computer system in accordance with claim 12 wherein said computer system is further configured to order said at least one components based on said relative amount of change of system reliability associated with each change of each component redundancy.

14. A computer system in accordance with claim 8 wherein said computer system is further configured to select said component whose change in redundancy affects a change in system reliability by said greatest amount.

15. A program code segment embodied on a computer-readable medium for improving reliability of a centrally-controlled electrical protection system architecture based on sensitivity analysis wherein said centrally-controlled electrical protection system comprises at least one component, said program code segment configured to:

determine a reliability of said centrally-controlled electrical protection system;

vary at least one of a redundancy, a reliability, and a reparability of said at least one component of said system;

determine a change in said system reliability based on a change of said varied redundancy, reliability, and reparability of each said at least one component;

identify a first component whose change in at least one of redundancy, reliability and reparability produces a change of the system reliability of a first amount; and

identify a second component whose change in redundancy, reliability, and reparability produces a change of the system reliability of a second amount, wherein said first amount is greater than the second amount, wherein the program code is resident on a storage medium.

16. A program code segment in accordance with claim 15 wherein said program code segment is further configured to identify at least one component included in said system.

17. A program code segment in accordance with claim 15 wherein said program code segment is further configured to determine a reliability of each component in said system wherein said reliability is measured as a probability of said component functionality at a first time that is greater than or equal to said component functionality at a second time wherein said first time is later than said second time.

18. A program code segment in accordance with claim 15 wherein said program code segment is further configured to determine a reliability of said centrally-controlled electrical protection system based on said determined reliability of each component and a redundancy of each component.

19. A program code segment in accordance with claim 15 wherein said program code segment is further configured to iteratively determine a change in said determined system reliability for each change in each component redundancy wherein said change in said determined system reliability is expressed as an amount of change relative to said first amount.

20. A program code segment in accordance with claim 19 wherein said program code segment is further configured to order said at least one components based on said relative amount of change of system reliability associated with each change of each component redundancy.

21. A program code segment in accordance with claim 15 wherein said program code segment is further configured to select said component whose change in redundancy affects a change in system reliability by said greatest amount.

22. A program code segment in accordance with claim 15 wherein the computer-readable medium is a floppy disk, a CD-ROM, or a processor hard drive.