System and method of x-ray flux management control

• US 7,068,750 B2
• Filed: 01/27/2004
• Issued: 06/27/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 10/27/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Toth, Thomas L., Hoffman, David M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Glick, Edward J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): KAO, CHIH CHENG G
• Application Number:
  US10/765,582
• Publication Number:
  US 20050089135A1
• Time in Patent Office: 882 Days
• Field of Search: 378/16, 378/20, 378/156, 378/205, 378/157, 378/158, 378/159
• US Class Current: 378/16
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/032 Transmission computed tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4035 the source being combined with a filter or grating
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4241 using energy resolving detectors, e.g. photon counting
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4488 Means for cooling A61B6/045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/469 for selecting a region of interest [ROI]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/488 involving pre-scan acquisition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/544 dependent on patient size
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/583 using calibration phantoms

Abstract

A system and method of diagnostic imaging is provided that includes determining a position of a subject in a scanning bay and tailoring x-ray attenuation such that the specific position of the subject is taken into consideration. The present invention automatically selects a proper attenuation filter configuration, corrects patient centering, and corrects noise prediction errors, thereby increasing dose efficiency and tube output.

Claims

1. A method of diagnostic imaging comprising the steps of:

comparing a position of a subject in a scanning bay relative to a reference position;

determining a region of maximum attenuation of the subject from the comparison;

automatically adjusting an attenuation characteristic of an attenuation filter based on the determined region of maximum attenuation of the subject; and

imaging the subject.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining a size and an elevation of the subject within the scanning bay.

3. The method of claim 2 further comprising adjusting the attenuation characteristic of the attenuation filter according to the size and the elevation of the subject.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising automatically adjusting the elevation of the subject within the scanning bay to optimize radiation exposure to the subject.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising acquiring data from at least one scout scan to determine the position of the subject in the scanning bay.

6. The method of claim 5 further comprising determining at least one of a size, a shape, and a centering of the subject from the at least one scout scan.

7. The method of claim 5 wherein the step of acquiring data from at least one scout scan includes acquiring a flux trend of the scout scan and wherein the step of adjusting an attenuation characteristic of an attenuation filter includes adjusting a filter position according to the flux trend.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of adjusting an attenuation characteristic of an attenuation filter includes at least one of:

adjusting a position of the attenuation filter to avoid flux rates beyond a threshold rate; and

adjusting a position of the attenuation filter according to a flux rate of a central region of the subject.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of adjusting an attenuation characteristic of an attenuation filter includes configuring an imaging filter to provide an optimal dose profile of high frequency electromagnetic energy to the subject.

10. The method of claim 1 further comprising modulating a high frequency electromagnetic energy projection source at least according to the position of the subject in the scanning bay.

11. The method of claim 1 further comprising performing at least one orthogonal scout and performing centroid calculations to determine a center of the subject.

12. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining a diameter of the subject and an optimum bowtie filter opening for the diameter of the subject.

13. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining a contour of the subject and the position of the subject in the scanning bay according to feedback from at least one of a laser sensor and a sonic sensor.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising determining an area of the subject from the contour of the subject.

15. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining a position of the subject in three dimensions.

16. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program representing a set of instructions which, when executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to:

receive feedback regarding a position of maximum attenuation of a subject to be scanned;

determine a value of mis-centering of the subject to be scanned from the position of maximum attenuation relative to an isocenter of an x-ray beam;

adjust at least one of an attenuation filter configuration and a subject position based on the value of mis-centering; and

acquire radiographic diagnostic data from the subject.

17. The computer readable storage medium of claim 16 wherein the at least one processor is further caused to repeatedly receive position information about the attenuation filter during the acquisition of radiographic diagnostic data from the subject.

18. The computer readable storage medium of claim 16 wherein the at least one processor is further caused to determine a desired tube current modulation in a first, a second, and a third direction with respect to a desired image noise and dynamically adjust a tube current based on the desired tube current modulation.

19. The computer readable storage medium of claim 16 wherein the at least one processor is further caused to determine a center of mass of the subject and determine a distance of the center of mass from isocenter.

20. The computer readable storage medium of claim 19 wherein the at least one processor is further caused to determine a centering error from the distance of the center of mass of the subject from isocenter.

21. The computer readable storage medium of claim 20 wherein the at least one processor is further caused to adjust a projection area according to the determined centering error.

22. The computer readable storage medium of claim 16 wherein the at least one processor is caused to adjust the position of the subject by adjusting an elevation of the subject.

23. The computer readable storage medium of claim 16 wherein the at least one processor is further caused to determine an optimum opening of the attenuation filter to optimize the acquisition of radiographic diagnostic data from the subject while reducing dosage of electromagnetic energy projected toward the subject.

24. A tomographic system comprising:

a rotatable gantry having a bore centrally disposed therein;

a table movable within the bore and configured to position a subject for tomographic data acquisition within the bore;

a high frequency electromagnetic energy projection source positioned within the rotatable gantry and configured to project high frequency electromagnetic energy toward the subject;

a detector array disposed within the rotatable gantry and configured to detect high frequency electromagnetic energy projected by the projection source and impinged by the subject;

an attenuation filter positioned between the high frequency electromagnetic energy projection source and the subject; and

a computer programmed to;

determine a region of maximum attenuation of the subject; and

adjust at least one of an attenuation characteristic of the attenuation filter and a table position such that a region of minimum attenuation of the attenuation filter is aligned with the region of maximum attenuation of the subject.

25. The tomographic system of claim 24 wherein the computer is further programmed to determine a mean high frequency electromagnetic energy at a central portion of the subject with respect to a desired image noise, and dynamically adjust a tube current to maintain the desired mean high frequency electromagnetic energy at at least one of the central portion of the subject and an edge portion of the subject.

26. The tomographic system of claim 24 wherein the computer is further programmed to adjust the attenuation characteristic to reduce noise.

27. The tomographic system of claim 24 wherein the attenuation filter is a bowtie filter having multiple filtering elements dynamically positioned within an x-ray path.

28. The tomographic system of claim 24 wherein the computer is further programmed to perform an imaging scan.

29. The tomographic system of claim 28 wherein the computer is further programmed to sense a maximum edge x-ray flux and determine whether the maximum edge x-ray flux is within a selected range.

30. The tomographic system of claim 29 wherein the computer is further programmed to adjust a configuration of the attenuation filter to maintain the maximum edge x-ray flux.