Algorithms, systems, and methods for estimating carbon dioxide stores, transforming respiratory gas measurements, and obtaining accurate noninvasive pulmonary capillary blood flow and cardiac output measurements
First Claim
1. A method for optimizing the accuracy of at least one of a carbon dioxide elimination measurement obtained from a subject based on carbon dioxide stores of a respiratory tract of the subject, comprising applying a filter comprising an algorithm that employs a transformation coefficient based on carbon dioxide stores to a carbon dioxide elimination measurement of at least one breath by the subject and a carbon dioxide excretion estimate or carbon dioxide excretion signal for at least another breath.
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Abstract
Methods for estimating the volume of the carbon dioxide stores of an individual'"'"'s respiratory tract include determining a carbon dioxide store volume at which a correlation between corresponding signals of carbon dioxide elimination and an indicator of the content of carbon dioxide in blood of the individual is optimized. The estimate of the volume of carbon dioxide stores, which comprises a model of the respiratory tract, or lungs, of the individual, may be used as a transformation to improve the accuracy of one or both of the carbon dioxide elimination and carbon dioxide content signals. Transformation, or filtering, algorithms are also disclosed, as are systems in which the methods and algorithms may be used. The methods, algorithms, and systems may be used to accurately and noninvasively determine one or both of the pulmonary capillary blood flow and cardiac output of the individual.
57 Citations
42 Claims
- 1. A method for optimizing the accuracy of at least one of a carbon dioxide elimination measurement obtained from a subject based on carbon dioxide stores of a respiratory tract of the subject, comprising applying a filter comprising an algorithm that employs a transformation coefficient based on carbon dioxide stores to a carbon dioxide elimination measurement of at least one breath by the subject and a carbon dioxide excretion estimate or carbon dioxide excretion signal for at least another breath.
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14. A method for improving an accuracy of a respiratory signal, comprising:
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obtaining the respiratory signal from respiration of a subject during at least two breaths; and applying a filter comprising an algorithm that employs a transformation coefficient based on carbon dioxide stores of a respiratory tract of the subject to the respiratory signal and measured or estimated respiratory data from another breath. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. A respiratory monitoring device configured to optimize the accuracy of a respiratory signal obtained from at least one breath by a subject by accounting for carbon dioxide stores of a respiratory tract of the subject, comprising:
at least one processing element programmed to apply a filter comprising an algorithm that employs a transformation coefficient based on carbon dioxide stores of a respiratory tract of the subject to the respiratory signal and measured or estimated respiratory data from another breath. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
Specification