Head mounted display system

• US 7,075,501 B1
• Filed: 02/06/1995
• Issued: 07/11/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 12/31/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Kopin Corporation
• Original Assignee: Kopin Corporation
• Inventors: Jacobsen, Jeffrey, Spitzer, Mark B., Gale, Ronald
• Primary Examiner(s): Mengistu, Amare
• Application Number:
  US08/384,237
• Time in Patent Office: 4,173 Days
• Field of Search: 345 6- 8, 345/102, 359/54, 359/55, 359/59
• US Class Current: 345/8
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/113 for determining or recording eye movement
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0132 comprising binocular systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0136 with a single image source for both eyes
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0138 comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0187 slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0198 System for aligning or maintaining alignment of an image in a predetermined direction
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0093 with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/017 Head mounted
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0172 characterised by optical features
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/30 Polarising elements light-modulating devices with active elements G02F1/00
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/13336 Combining plural substrates to produce large-area displays, e.g. tiled displays
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133526 Lenses, e.g. microlenses or Fresnel lenses
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/13454 Drivers integrated on the active matrix substrate G02F1/136277 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/13473 for wavelength filtering or for colour display without the use of colour mosaic filters
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/13613 the semiconductor element being formed on a first substrate and thereafter transferred to the final cell substrate
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1362 Active matrix addressed cells G02F1/134336, G02F1/134363 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/136209 Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix, incorporated in the active matrix substrate, e.g. structurally associated with the switching element
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/136277 formed on a semiconductor substrate, e.g. of silicon
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 2202/105 single crystal Si
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 2203/01 transmissive
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2300/023 : Display panel composed of stacked panels
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2310/0259 : with use of an analog or digital ramp generator in the column driver or in the pixel circuit
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2320/0233 : Improving the luminance or brightness uniformity across the screen
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2320/041 : Temperature compensation
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2320/043 : Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2340/0464 : Positioning
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2370/042 : for monitor identification
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/2014 : by modulation of the duration of a single pulse during which the logic level remains constant
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/30 : using electroluminescent panels
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/32 : semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/36 : using liquid crystals
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/3607 : for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels display of colours in flat matrix panels other than liquid crystal displays G09G3/2003; grey scales specific for television H04N3/127
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/3614 : Control of polarity reversal in general
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/3648 : using an active matrix G09G3/367 - G09G3/3696 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 21/8221 : Three dimensional integrated circuits stacked in different levels
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2221/68359 : used as a support during manufacture of interconnect decals or build up layers
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2221/68363 : used in a transfer process involving transfer directly from an origin substrate to a target substrate without use of an intermediate handle substrate
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2224/80001 : by connecting a bonding area directly to another bonding area, i.e. connectorless bonding, e.g. bumpless bonding
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 24/96 : the devices being encapsulated in a common layer, e.g. neo-wafer or pseudo-wafer, said common layer being separable into individual assemblies after connecting
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 25/0756 : Stacked arrangements of devices
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 27/0688 : Integrated circuits having a three-dimensional layout
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 27/12 : the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 27/1281 : by using structural features to control crystal growth, e.g. placement of grain filters
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 27/156 : two-dimensional arrays
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 29/786 : Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film transistors having only the source or the drain region on an insulator layer H01L29/0653; thin film FinFETs H01L29/785
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 29/78603 : characterised by the insulating substrate or support H01L29/78657 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 29/78612 : for preventing the kink- or the snapback effect, e.g. discharging the minority carriers of the channel region for preventing bipolar effect
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 29/78618 : characterised by the drain or the source properties, e.g. the doping structure, the composition, the sectional shape or the contact structure silicide contacts, electrodes in general H01L29/458
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 29/78633 : with a light shield
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 29/78648 : arranged on opposing sides of the channel
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 : Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00011 : Not relevant to the scope of the group, the symbol of which is combined with the symbol of this group
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01005 : Boron [B]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01006 : Carbon [C]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01013 : Aluminum [Al]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01015 : Phosphorus [P]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01023 : Vanadium [V]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01033 : Arsenic [As]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01047 : Silver [Ag]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01049 : Indium [In]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01052 : Tellurium [Te]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01072 : Hafnium [Hf]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01074 : Tungsten [W]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01077 : Iridium [Ir]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01082 : Lead [Pb]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/04953 : TaN
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/10329 : Gallium arsenide [GaAs]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/12043 : Photo diode
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/13091 : Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor [MOSFET]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/14 : Integrated circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/19041 : being a capacitor
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/30105 : Capacitance
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/3025 : Electromagnetic shielding
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/3511 : Warping
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/0062 : for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/0217 : Removal of the substrate
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/423 : having a vertical cavity
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/70 : Circuit details for electroluminescent devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/7441 : the modulator being an array of liquid crystal cells
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/7491 : of head mounted projectors
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/312 : Driving therefor driving of electronic spatial light modulators in displays other than projection devices G09G3/34, G09G3/36; control of liquid crystal elements G02F1/133; control of micromechanical modulators G02B26/08
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/3141 : Constructional details thereof details not peculiar to the presence of an electronic spatial light modulator G03B21/14
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 33/12 : Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces

Abstract

A head mounted display system including a high resolution active matrix display which reduces center of gravity offset in a compact design. The active matrix display can be either a liquid crystal display or a light emitting display.

Claims

1. A display system for viewing by a user'"'"'s eye comprising:

a support frame that can be positioned adjacent a user'"'"'s head;

an active matrix liquid crystal display mounted on the support frame to direct an image emitted from a display surface onto the user'"'"'s eye and having a plurality of row address lines and a plurality of column address lines, the active matrix display further comprising an array of pixel circuits and an array of pixel electrodes, each pixel circuit being formed with a thin film of single crystal silicon and being electrically connected to one row address line and one column address line, such that there are at least 200 row address lines per centimeter and 200 column address lines per centimeter, the array of pixel electrodes defining an image area having a diameter of 2.5 centimeters or less, each pixel electrode in a column of pixel electrodes being connected to a different row address line;

a driver circuit formed with the thin film of single crystal silicon that is connected to the array of pixel circuits and that drives the display;

a battery that provides power to the display;

a backlight source positioned adjacent to the active matrix display that directs light along an axis to the user'"'"'s eye; and

a lens mounted to the support frame and positioned between the active matrix display and the user'"'"'s eye along the axis to direct an image from the display onto the user'"'"'s eye, the lens being less than 2.54 centimeters from the display surface and having a diameter of less than 3 centimeters.

2. The head mounted display system of claim 1 wherein the active matrix display further comprises at least 1000 row address lines.

3. The head mounted display system of claim 1 wherein the lens comprises a center axis and is positioned such that the lens center axis is 1.52 centimeters or less from the display surface.

4. The head mounted display system of claim 1 wherein the active matrix display is positioned to direct an image onto the user'"'"'s left eye and further comprising a second active matrix display mounted on the support frame such that the second active matrix display directs light onto the user'"'"'s right eye.

5. The head mounted display system of claim 1 further comprising a row driver circuit and a column driver circuit in the thin film of single crystal silicon.

6. The head mounted display system of claim 1 wherein the display comprises a color liquid crystal display.

7. A display system for viewing by a user'"'"'s eye comprising:

a support frame that can be positioned adjacent a user'"'"'s head;

an active matrix display mounted on the support frame to direct an image emitted from a display surface onto the user'"'"'s eye and having a plurality of row address lines and a plurality of column address lines, the active matrix display further comprising an array of pixel circuits and an array of pixel electrodes, each pixel circuit being formed in a thin film of single crystal silicon and being electrically connected to one row address line and one column address line, such that there are at least 400 row address lines per centimeter and 400 column address lines per centimeter, the array of pixel electrodes defining an image area having a diameter of 2.5 centimeters or less, each pixel electrode being connected to a different row address line; and

a driver circuit formed with the thin film of single crystal silicon that is connected to the array of pixel circuits and that drives the display;

a battery that provides power to the display; and

a lens positioned between the active matrix display and the user'"'"'s eye to focus an image from the display onto the user'"'"'s eye, the lens being less than 2.54 centimeters from the display surface and having a diameter of less than 3 centimeters.

8. The head mounted display system of claim 7 wherein the lens comprises a center axis and is positioned such that the lens center axis is 1.5 centimeters or less from the display surface.

9. The head mounted display system of claim 7 wherein the active matrix display is positioned to direct an image onto the user'"'"'s left eye and further comprising a second active matrix display mounted on the support frame such that the second active matrix display directs light onto the user'"'"'s right eye.

10. The head mounted display system of claim 7 further comprising a row driver circuit and a column driver circuit in the thin film of single crystal silicon.

11. The head mounted display system of claim 7 wherein the display comprises a color liquid crystal display.

12. A display system for viewing by a user'"'"'s eve comprising:

a support frame that can be positioned adjacent a user'"'"'s head;

an active matrix liquid crystal display mounted on the support frame to direct an image emitted from a display surface onto the user'"'"'s eye and having a plurality of row address lines and a plurality of column address lines, the active matrix display further comprising an array of pixel circuits and an array of pixel electrodes, each pixel circuit being formed with a thin film of single crystal silicon and being electrically connected to one row address line and one column address line, such that there are at least 200 row address lines per centimeter and 200 column address lines per centimeter, the array of pixel electrodes defining an image area having a diameter of 1.27 centimeters or less, each pixel electrode in a column of pixel electrodes being connected to a different row address line;

a driver circuit formed with the thin film of single crystal silicon that is connected to the array of pixel circuits and that drives the display;

an antenna and a receiver that is electrically connected to the antenna and the display, and that receives image data from a remote source;

a backlight source positioned adjacent to the active matrix display that directs light along an axis to the user'"'"'s eye;

a battery that provides power to the display; and

a lens mounted to the support frame and positioned between the active matrix display and the user'"'"'s eye along the axis to direct an image from the display onto the user'"'"'s eye, the lens being less than 2.54 centimeters from the display surface and having a diameter of less than 3 centimeters.

13. The head mounted display system of claim 12 wherein the active matrix display further comprises at least 1000 row address lines.

14. The head mounted display system of claim 12 wherein the lens comprises a center axis and is positioned such that the lens center axis is 1.52 centimeters or less from the display surface.

15. The head mounted display system of claim 12 wherein the active matrix display is positioned to direct an image onto the user'"'"'s left eye and further comprising a second active matrix display mounted on the support frame such that the second active matrix display directs light onto the user'"'"'s right eye.

16. The system of claim 15 wherein the driver circuit compress a row driver circuit and a column driver circuit in the thin film of single crystal silicon.

17. The display system of claim 15 wherein the display comprises a color liquid crystal display.

18. A display system for viewing by a user'"'"'s eye comprising:

a display housing;

an active matrix liquid crystal display mounted within the housing to direct an image emitted from a display surface onto the user'"'"'s eye and having a plurality of row address lines and a plurality of column address lines, the active matrix display further comprising an array of pixel circuits and an array of pixel electrodes, each pixel circuit being formed with a single crystal silicon material and being electrically connected to one row address line and one column address line, such that there are at least 200 row address lines per centimeter and 200 column address lines per centimeter and each pixel electrode in a column of pixel electrodes being connected to a different row address line;

a driver circuit formed with the thin film of single crystal silicon that is connected to the array of pixel circuits and drives the display;

a battery within the housing that provides power to the display;

a light source that directs light onto the active matrix display; and

a lens positioned between the active matrix display and the user'"'"'s eye along a viewing axis to direct an image from the display onto the user'"'"'s eye, the lens being less than 2.54 centimeters from the display surface and having a diameter of less than 3 centimeters.

19. The display system of claim 18 wherein the active matrix display further comprises at least 1000 row address lines.

20. The display system of claim 18 wherein the lens has a center axis and is positioned such that the lens center axis is 1.52 centimeters or less from the display surface.

21. The display system of claim 18 wherein the active matrix display is positioned to direct an image onto the user'"'"'s left eye and further comprising a second active matrix display mounted on the user'"'"'s head such that the second active matrix display directs light onto the user'"'"'s right eye.

22. The display system of claim 18 further comprising a row driver circuit and a column driver circuit in the thin film of single crystal silicon.

23. The display system of claim 18 wherein the display comprises a color liquid crystal display.

24. The display system of claim 18 further comprising a wireless receiver.

25. The display system of claim 18 wherein the system comprises an antenna.