Critical aperture convergence filtering and systems and methods thereof

• US 7,076,402 B2
• Filed: 09/28/2004
• Issued: 07/11/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 09/28/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Williams, George Edward
• Primary Examiner(s): Hoff, Marc S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Suarez, Felix
• Application Number:
  US10/951,566
• Publication Number:
  US 20060074605A1
• Time in Patent Office: 651 Days
• Field of Search: 702/79, 702/117, 702/118, 702/135, 702/138, 702/189, 702/182, 702/190, 370/230, 701/1, 701/14, 709/226, 713/189
• US Class Current: 702/189
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 7/30 Compression speech analysis-synthesis for redundancy reduction G10L19/00; for image communication H04N; Expansion; Suppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction

Abstract

A system for compressing a set of data points is provided. The system includes a critical aperture compression module that is configured to discard one or more data points from the set of data points. The discarded one or more data points fall within a tolerance band surrounding a straight line that represents a trend of the discarded one or more data points. A remainder of the set of data points represents a compressed set of data points.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

a critical aperture compression module configured to discard one or more data points from a set of data points, wherein a tolerance band of the discarded one or more data points falls around a straight line representing a trend of the discarded one or more data points and wherein a remainder of the set of data points represents a compressed set of data points;

wherein a slope of the straight line varies with each additional data point in a set of discarded one or more data points.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the critical aperture compression module includes a processor assembly.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the critical aperture compression module includes a critical aperture calculation module or a critical aperture comparison module, or a combination thereof.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the tolerance band comprises upper and lower lines originating at upper and lower deviation limits about a first point in the set of data points and extending to upper and lower deviation limits about a second point in the set of data points, respectively.

5. The system of claim 1, further comprising one or more sensors configured to collect the set of data points.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more sensors are adapted to measure a temperature, a pressure, a time, a flow rate, a velocity, voltage, amperage, vibration, speed, acceleration, or combinations thereof or calculations based on the sensor measurements.

7. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more sensors monitor at least one measurable process control parameter in an industrial system.

8. The system of claim 5, further comprising a data acquisition module configured to receive the set of data points from the one or more sensors and to provide the set of data points to the critical aperture compression module.

9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a data storage module configured to receive and store the set of data points from the critical aperture compression module.

10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a user interface module configured to provide one or more inputs from a system operator to the critical aperture compression module.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the straight line represents the one or more discarded data points that fall within the tolerance band.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of data points is provided to the critical aperture compression module in substantially real-time.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the critical aperture compression module is configured to reconstruct the discarded one or more data points by a linear interpolation within the tolerance band.

14. A method for data compression, comprising:

providing a critical aperture having upper and lower slopes originating at an archived data point and extending to upper and lower deviation limits about a held data point based on a tolerance band for the held data point and intermediate points between the archived data point and the held data point;

wherein providing the critical aperture comprises identifying an intersection of all apertures for data points between the archived data point and the subsequently new data point; and

discarding the held data point if a slope of a line originating at the archived data point and extending to a subsequently new data point lies within the critical aperture.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising setting the new data point as a new held data point and computing a new critical aperture based on the new held data point.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein each of the apertures has upper and lower slopes originating at the archived data point and extending to upper and lower limits of the tolerance band for each respective point.

17. The method of claim 14, further comprising archiving the held data point if the slope is not within the critical aperture, wherein the held data point becomes a new archived data point.

18. The method of claim 14, further comprising setting a virtual data point as a new held data point and computing a new critical aperture based on the new held data point, wherein the virtual data point is different from an actual data point and wherein the virtual data point lies within the previously computed critical aperture and within the tolerance band of the actual data point.

19. The method of claim 14, further comprising obtaining one or more data points in substantially real time, the data points including the held data point and the subsequently new data point.

20. The method of claim 14, further comprising providing at least the tolerance band via a user interface module.

21. The method of claim 14, further comprising reconstructing the discarded held data point by a linear interpolation within the tolerance band.

22. A tangible media, comprising:

data filtering code, comprising;

code configured to provide a critical aperture having upper and lower slopes originating at an archived data point and extending to a held data point based on a tolerance band for the held data point and intermediate points between the archived data point and the held data point;

wherein the upper and lower slopes are a function of the archived data point, the intermediate points, and the held data point; and

code configured to discard the held data point if a slope of a line originating at the archived data point and extending to a subsequent new data point lies within the critical aperture.

23. The tangible media of claim 22, further comprising code configured to set the new data point as a new held data point and computing a new critical aperture based on the new held data point.

24. The tangible media of claim 22, further comprising code configured to identify an intersection of all apertures for data points between the archived data point and the subsequently new data point, each of the apertures having upper and lower slopes originating at the archived data point and extending to upper and lower limits of the tolerance band for each respective point.

25. The tangible media of claim 22, further comprising code configured to archive the held data point if the slope is not within the critical aperture, wherein the held data point becomes a new archived data point.

26. The tangible media of claim 24, further comprising code configured to provide the one or more data points to the data filtering algorithm as previously recorded data points.

27. The tangible media of claim 24, further comprising code configured to determine the new critical aperture by the intersection of all critical apertures prior to a disjoint aperture.

28. The tangible media of claim 27, wherein the disjoint aperture has no slopes in common with the previous critical aperture.

29. The tangible media of claim 27, comprises code configured to receive user inputs for at least the tolerance band.

30. A method, comprising:

computing a critical aperture based on an archived data point, a held data point, or a tolerance band, or combinations thereof;

discarding the held data point if a computed slope of a line from the archived data point to a new data point falls within the computed critical aperture;

computing a slope of a line originating at the archived data point and extending to a virtual data point, wherein the tolerance band of the virtual data point lies within the critical aperture; and

computing a new critical aperture for a new held data point, wherein the new held data point is the new data point.

31. The method of claim 30, further comprising archiving the held data point if the slope does not fall within the computed critical aperture.

32. The method of claim 30, further comprising providing the archived data point, the held data point, or the tolerance band, or combinations thereof in substantially real-time.

33. The method of claim 30, further comprising providing the archived data point, the held data point, or the tolerance band, or combinations thereof as previously recorded data.

34. The method of claim 30, further comprising reconstructing the discarded held data point by a linear interpolation within the tolerance band.

35. A method, comprising:

supplying a set of data points sampled from an industrial system to a data management system, wherein the set of data points represent one or more measurable process parameters in the industrial system;

providing a tolerance band to the data management system; and

obtaining a compressed set of data points by discarding one or more data points from the set of data points, wherein the discarded one or more data points fall within the tolerance band surrounding a straight line representing a trend of the discarded one or more data points;

wherein a characteristic of the straight line varies with each additional data point in a set of discarded one or more data points.

36. The method of claim 35, further comprising measuring the set of data points via one or more sensors disposed on the industrial unit.

37. The method of claim 35, further comprising delivering the set of data points from the industrial unit to the data management system in substantially real-time.

38. The method of claim 35, further comprising delivering the set of data points to the data management system as recorded data.

39. The method of claim 35, wherein the industrial unit includes a turbine unit, a generator unit, a thermal unit, a heat exchanger unit, a furnace, or a fluid compression unit, or combinations thereof.

40. A data management system, comprising:

means for providing a critical aperture having upper and lower slopes originating at an archived data point and extending to a held data point based on a tolerance band for the held data point and intermediate points between the archived data point and the held data point;

wherein a characteristic of the critical aperture is a function of the archived data point, the intermediate points, and the held data point; and

means for discarding the held data point if a slope of a line originating at the archived data point and extending to a subsequent new data point lies within the critical aperture.

41. A system, comprising:

an industrial unit monitored via one or more sensors, wherein the sensors provide a set of data points that represent any measurable activity in the industrial unit; and

a data management system configured to receive theset of data points from the one or more sensors, wherein the data management system comprises a critical aperture compression module configured to discard one or more data points from the set of data points, wherein the discarded one or more data points fall within a tolerance band surrounding a straight line representing a trend of the discarded one or more data points and wherein a remainder of the set of data points represent a compressed set of data points;

wherein a characteristic of the straight line varies with each additional data point in a set of discarded one or more data points.

42. The system of claim 41, wherein the industrial unit includes at least one of a turbine unit, a furnace unit, a heat exchanger unit, a fluid compression unit, or a generator unit or combinations thereof.

43. The system of claim 41, wherein the one or more sensors are adapted to measure from the industrial unit a temperature, a pressure, a time, a flow rate, a velocity, voltage, amperage, vibration, speed, acceleration, or combinations thereof.

44. The system of claim 41, wherein the critical aperture compression module includes a processor assembly, a critical aperture calculation module or a critical aperture comparison module.

45. The system of claim 41, wherein the data management system includes a data acquisition module configured to receive the set of data points via the one or more sensors and to provide the set of data points to the critical aperture compression module.

46. The system of claim 41, comprises a data storage module configured to receive and store the set of one or more data points from the critical aperture compression module.

47. The system of claim 41, wherein the critical aperture compression module receives the set of data points in substantially real-time or as previously recorded data.

48. The system of claim 41, wherein the critical aperture compression module configured to discard one or more data points from a set of data points, wherein the discarded one or more data points fall within a tolerance band surrounding a straight line representing a trend of the discarded one or more data points and wherein a remainder of the set of data points represent a compressed set of data points.

49. The system of claim 41, wherein the data management system includes a user interface module configured to provide one or more inputs from a system operator to the critical aperture compression module, the one or more inputs including at least one of a minimum permissible error, and a maximum permissible error, a minimum time before compressing, a maximum time after which archiving is forced, and a compression enable toggle.

50. A method of operation of a data management system in an industrial setup, comprising:

measuring a set of data points representing one or more process parameters from a device in the industrial setup;

computing via a data filtering algorithm, at least one of a critical aperture for a held data point and based on at least one of a tolerance band and an archived data point;

wherein the critical aperture is determined by an intersection of all critical apertures prior to a disjoint aperture via the data filtering algorithm; and

discarding the held data point when a computed slope of a line drawn from the archived data point to a subsequent new data point falls within the critical aperture.

51. The method of claim 50, comprises archiving the held data point when the computed slope does not fall within the critical aperture.

52. The method of claim 50, comprises measuring the set of data points from the industrial setup in substantially real time via one or more sensors placed proximate to the industrial setup, wherein the industrial setup includes at least one of a turbine, a generator, an electrical motor, a compressor, and a heat exchanger.

53. The method of claim 50, wherein the disjoint aperture has no slope in common with previously computed critical apertures.