Automatic gain control

• US 7,082,291 B2
• Filed: 02/15/2002
• Issued: 07/25/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 02/16/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: National Semiconductor Corporation (Texas Instruments, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: National Semiconductor Corporation (Texas Instruments, Inc.)
• Inventors: Konradsson, Per, Nystrom, Christian, Grasbeck, Ari
• Primary Examiner(s): Vo, Nguyen T.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Le, Nhan T
• Application Number:
  US10/076,992
• Publication Number:
  US 20030148745A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,621 Days
• Field of Search: 455/138, 455/136, 455/232.1, 455/234.1, 455/242.1, 455/242.2, 455/250.1, 375/345
• US Class Current: 455/242.2
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/001 Digital control of analog signals
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3052 in bandpass amplifiers (H.F. or I.F.) or in frequency-changers used in a (super)heterodyne receiver H03G3/32, H03G3/34 take precedence

Abstract

A method for controlling gain of an amplifier includes amplifying one or more received signals to produce one or more amplified signals. The method also includes generating a plurality of down converted signals using the one or more amplified signals. The method further includes amplifying the plurality of down converted signals based on a gain control signal. In addition, the method includes varying a time constant of the gain control signal based on a time derivative parameter associated with the plurality of down converted signals.

Claims

1. A method for controlling gain of an amplifier for received radio signals in a radio receiver, the radio receiver having a controllable gain responsive to an automatic gain control signal, the method comprising:

amplifying the received radio frequency signals;

level detecting at least two down converted signals resulting from the amplified radio frequency signals; and

generating the automatic gain control signal such that the controllable gain maintains at least two down converted signal levels at less than a predetermined limit level, wherein generating the automatic gain control signal comprises;

varying a time constant of the automatic gain control signal in response to a time derivative parameter of the at least two down converted signals such that the automatic gain control signal is adapted to a power variation rate of the received radio frequency signals, the time constant varied using a combination of the at least two down converted signal levels.

2. A method for controlling gain of an amplifier, comprising:

amplifying one or more received signals to produce one or more amplified signals;

generating a plurality of down converted signals using the one or more amplified signals;

amplifying the plurality of down converted signals based on a gain control signal; and

varying a time constant of the gain control signal based on a time derivative parameter associated with the plurality of down convened signals by generating a plurality of signal levels based on the down converted signals, combining the plurality of signal levels, and using the combined signal levels to generate the gain control signal.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein varying the time constant of the gain control signal comprises:

allocating a relatively small value to the time constant if the time derivative parameter has a relatively high value, and

allocating a relatively large value to the time constant if the time derivative parameter has a relatively low value.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein varying the time constant of the gain control signal comprises:

generating a first signal level based on one of the down converted signals;

generating a second signal level based on another of the down converted signals;

combining the first and second signal levels to generate a combined signal; and

using the combined signal to generate the gain control signal.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:

estimating the time derivative parameter using the combined signal;

comparing the time derivative parameter with a threshold value; and

generating a pulse signal based on the comparison, the pulse signal identifying a message start in the received signals.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein generation of the pulse signal during receipt of a message indicates an erroneous setting of the gain control signal.

7. The method of claim 5, further comprising producing a time constant value using the pulse signal, the time constant value forming a basis for the time constant of the gain control signal.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising updating the time constant value after a specific time period.

9. The method of claim 5, wherein the threshold value is based on a power level of the received signals.

10. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

filtering the plurality of down converted signals to produce a plurality of filtered down converted signals; and

amplifying the filtered down converted signals.

11. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

converting the plurality of down converted signals into digital data; and

processing the digital data to produce a desired value.

12. The method of claim 2, wherein the plurality of down converted signals comprise quadrature components of the one or more amplified signals.

13. The method of claim 2, wherein the time constant is further varied based on one or more parameters associated with at least one of a protocol and a frame structure used to receive the one or more signals.

14. A receiver, comprising:

at least one first amplifier operable to amplify one or more received signals;

a down converter operable to generate a plurality of down converted signals using the one or more amplified signals;

at least one second amplifier operable to amplify the plurality of down converted signals based on a gain control signal; and

a gain control loop operable to vary a time constant of the gain control signal based on a time derivative parameter associated with the plurality of down converted signals by generating a plurality of signal levels based on the down converted signals, combining the plurality of signal levels, and using the combined signal levels to generate the gain control signal.

15. The receiver of claim 14, wherein the gain control loop comprises:

at least one signal level detector operable to receive the plurality of down converted signals and to produce the plurality of signal levels;

a combiner operable to combine the plurality of signal levels into a combined signal; and

a gain control signal generator operable to produce the gain control signal using the combined signal.

16. The receiver of claim 15, wherein the gain control signal generator is operable to vary the time constant of the gain control signal to compensate for power variation in the received signals.

17. The receiver of claim 15, wherein the gain control signal generator is operable to produce the gain control signal by:

allocating a relatively small value to the time constant if the time derivative parameter of the combined signal has a relatively high value; and

allocating a relatively large value to the time constant if the time derivative parameter of the combined signal has a relatively low value.

18. The receiver of claim 15, wherein the gain control signal generator comprises an integrator.

19. The receiver of claim 15, wherein the gain control loop further comprises:

a derivation unit operable to estimate a time derivative of the combined signal; and

a ramp detector operable to compare the time derivative with a threshold value and generate a pulse signal based on the comparison, the pulse signal identifying a message start in the received signals.

20. The receiver of claim 19, wherein:

the derivation unit comprises a high pass filter; and

the ramp detector comprises a comparator.

21. The receiver of claim 14, further comprising:

at least one filter operable to filter the plurality of down converted signals and produce a plurality of filtered down converted signals; and

at least one third amplifier operable to amplify the filtered down converted signals.

22. The receiver of claim 14, further comprising:

at least one analog-to-digital converter operable to convert the plurality of down converted signals into digital data; and

at least one processor operable to process the digital data.

23. The receiver of claim 22, wherein the processor is operable to determine a starting time constant and generate a digital time constant value based on the starting time constant;

and

further comprising a conversion unit operable to convert the digital time constant value into an analog time constant value.

24. The receiver of claim 23, wherein the conversion unit comprises one of a digital-to-analog convener, a low pass filter, and a pulse generator.

25. The receiver of claim 23, further comprising a time constant generator operable to identify the time constant using the analog time constant value.

26. The receiver of claim 22, wherein the processor comprises a digital signal processor.

27. The receiver of claim 14, wherein the down converter comprises a quadrature demodulator and a frequency oscillator.

28. A computer readable medium, having a program recorded thereon, wherein the program is operable when executed to:

vary a time constant of a gain control signal based on a time derivative parameter associated with a plurality of down converted signals by generating a plurality of signal levels based on the down converted signals, combining the plurality of signal levels, and using the combined signal levels to generate the gain control signal;

wherein the plurality of down converted signals are generated using one or more amplified received signals, and the plurality of down converted signals are further amplified based on the gain control signal.

29. The computer readable medium of claim 28, wherein the program is operable to vary the time constant of the gain control signal by:

allocating a relatively small value to the time constant if the time derivative parameter has a relatively high value; and

allocating a relatively large value to the time constant if the time derivative parameter has a relatively low value.

30. The computer readable medium of claim 28, wherein the program is operable to vary the time constant of the gain control signal using a combined signal, the combined signal representing a combination of a first signal level based on one of the down converted signals and a second signal level based on another of the down converted signals.

31. The computer readable medium of claim 30, wherein the program is further operable to:

estimate a time derivative of the combined signal;

compare the time derivative with a threshold value; and

generate a pulse signal based on the comparison, the pulse signal identifying a message start in the received signals.

32. The computer readable medium of claim 31, wherein the program is further operable to produce a time constant value using the pulse signal, the time constant value forming a basis for the time constant of the gain control signal.

33. The computer readable medium of claim 28, wherein the program is further operable to:

filter the plurality of down converted signals to produce a plurality of filtered down converted signals; and

amplify the filtered down converted signals.

34. The computer readable medium of claim 28, wherein the program is further operable to:

convert the plurality of down converted signals into digital data; and

process the digital data.

35. A computer program loadable into the internal memory of a digital computer, comprising:

computer readable program code for varying a time constant of a gain control signal based on a time derivative parameter associated with a plurality of down converted signals by generating a plurality of signal levels based on the down converted signals, combining the plurality of signal levels, and using the combined signal levels to generate the gain control signal;

wherein the plurality of down convened signals are generated using one or more amplified received signals, and the plurality of down converted signals are further amplified based on the gain control signal.

36. The computer program of claim 35, wherein the computer readable program code for varying the time constant comprises:

computer readable program code for allocating a relatively small value to the time constant if the time derivative parameter of the combined signal has a relatively high value; and

computer readable program code for allocating a relatively large value to the time constant if the time derivative parameter of the combined signal has a relatively low value.

37. The computer program of claim 35, wherein the computer readable program code for varying the time constant is operable to vary the time constant of the gain control signal using a combined signal, the combined signal representing a combination of a first signal level based on one of the down converted signals and a second signal level based on another of the down converted signals.

38. The computer program of claim 37, further comprising:

computer readable program code for estimating a time derivative of the combined signal;

computer readable program code for comparing the time derivative with a threshold value; and

computer readable program code for generating a pulse signal based on the comparison, the pulse signal identifying a message start in the received signals.

39. The computer program of claim 38, further comprising computer readable program code for producing a time constant value using the pulse signal, the time constant value forming a basis for the time constant of the gain control signal.

40. The computer program of claim 35, further comprising:

computer readable program code for filtering the plurality of down converted signals to produce a plurality of filtered down converted signals; and

computer readable program code for amplifying the filtered down converted signals.

41. The computer program of claim 35, further comprising:

computer readable program code for converting the plurality of down converted signals into digital data; and

computer readable program code for processing the digital data.