Optical devices having WGM cavity coupled to side-polished port
First Claim
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1. A device, comprising:
- a fiber having a side surface formed on fiber cladding where an evanescent field of guided light in said fiber exists; and
a planar whispering gallery mode cavity formed on said side surface to support one or more whispering gallery modes and configured to evanescently extract energy in light guided in said fiber into a whispering gallery mode;
said planar whispering gallery mode cavity comprising a top cladding ring, a cavity ring, and a bottom cladding ring having a planar coupling surface, said bottom cladding ring coupled to said evanescent field of guided light.
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Abstract
Optical devices having at least one whispering gallery mode cavity formed on a side-polished coupling port of a fiber or waveguide based on evanescent coupling are described.
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Citations
24 Claims
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1. A device, comprising:
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a fiber having a side surface formed on fiber cladding where an evanescent field of guided light in said fiber exists; and a planar whispering gallery mode cavity formed on said side surface to support one or more whispering gallery modes and configured to evanescently extract energy in light guided in said fiber into a whispering gallery mode; said planar whispering gallery mode cavity comprising a top cladding ring, a cavity ring, and a bottom cladding ring having a planar coupling surface, said bottom cladding ring coupled to said evanescent field of guided light. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A device, comprising:
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an optical waveguide having a side surface where an evanescent field of guided light in said waveguide is present; and a planar whispering gallery mode cavity formed on said side surface to support one or more whispering gallery modes and configured to evanescently extract energy in light guided in said waveguide into a whispering gallery mode, where said planar whispering gallery mode cavity comprises a top cladding ring, a cavity ring, and a bottom cladding ring having a planar coupling surface, said bottom cladding ring coupled to said evanescent field of guided light. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A device, comprising:
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a fiber having a portion of fiber cladding and a portion of underlying fiber core removed to form a flat surface; a pair of whispering gallery mode cavities optically coupled to each other and optically coupled to said flat surface; each said planar whispering gallery mode cavity comprising a planar cavity ring surrounded on both sides by planar cladding rings, at least one of said cladding rings has a planar surface and is coupled to said side surface; and a sensing unit to measure a parameter in reflected light from said pair of whispering gallery mode cavities to measure an environmental effect affecting optical coupling of said pair of whispering gallery mode cavities.
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20. A device, comprising:
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a fiber having a portion of fiber cladding and a portion of underlying fiber core removed to form a flat surface; a pair of whispering gallery mode cavities optically coupled to each other and optically coupled to said flat surface; and a sensing unit to measure a parameter in reflected light from said pair of whispering gallery mode cavities to measure an environmental effect affecting optical coupling of said pair of whispering gallery mode cavities; further comprising a housing unit which comprises; a chamber to hold a section of said fiber that has said flat surface and said pair of whispering gallery mode cavities, and a movable diaphragm in said chamber to transmit pressure to said pair of whispering gallery mode cavities in response to a pressure applied to the diaphragm.
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21. A method, comprising:
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providing a fiber sensor in a fiber which comprises a side surface formed on fiber cladding, and at least one planar whispering gallery mode cavity that is in evanescent coupling with the fiber through the side suraface; said planar whispering gallery mode cavity comprising a planar cavity ring surrounded on both sides by planar cladding rings, at least one of said cladding rings has a planar surface and is coupled to said side surface; exposing the fiber sensor to an external medium to cause a change at the at least one whispering gallery mode cavity; monitoring a change in guided light caused by the at least one whispering gallery mode cavity; and extracting information about the external medium based on the change. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24)
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Specification