Method and device for measuring intensity of electromagnetic field, method and device for measuring current-voltage distribution, and method for judging quality of electronic device, and electronic device therefor
First Claim
1. A method of measuring intensity of an electromagnetic field surrounding a device-under-test, comprising the steps of:
- (a) disposing an unshielded conducting loop of an antenna at a first position within a region where electric coupling and magnetic coupling take place between said antenna and said device-under-test in at least a portion of a frequency band, the antenna being disposed so it does not include a shield that affects an electromagnetic field coupled from the device to the antenna;
(b) measuring the values of a plurality of output currents flowing in the loop of said antenna in different directions while the electric and magnetic coupling are occurring and the loop is at the first position, the currents flowing in said portion of the frequency band;
(c) calculating (i) a value of an electric coupling current generated in the loop of said antenna in response to the electric coupling between said device-under-test and said antenna while the loop is at the first position, and (ii) a value of a magnetic coupling current generated in the loop of said antenna in response to magnetic coupling between said device-under-test and the loop of said antenna while the loop is at the first position, the calculation step being based on the measured values and said directions of said output currents;
(d) calculating the intensity of the electric field and the intensity of the magnetic field based on said values of said calculated electric and magnetic coupling currents;
(e) moving the loop of said antenna to a second position within the region, and then again performing steps (b), (c) and (d) so that there are first and second sequential measuring steps (b) in response to the loop being at the first and second positions, and first and second calculating steps (c) and (d) that are respectively performed in response to the first and second measuring steps (b); and
(f) responding to the first and second calculations resulting from step (d) to obtain a measure of the spatial distribution of intensity of the electromagnetic field surrounding the device under test.
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Abstract
A conductor is disposed within an area where electric coupling and magnetic coupling take place between the conductor and a device-under-test (DUT) in at least a portion of frequency band width, and the value of composite currents that is outputted in a plurality of directions different from each other against the DUT, is measured. Based on the measured plurality of values of the composite currents, the first electric current due to electric coupling between the DUT and the conductor and the second electric current due to magnetic coupling between the DUT and the conductor are calculated. From these first and second electric current values, electric field intensity and magnetic field intensity are calculated.
24 Citations
24 Claims
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1. A method of measuring intensity of an electromagnetic field surrounding a device-under-test, comprising the steps of:
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(a) disposing an unshielded conducting loop of an antenna at a first position within a region where electric coupling and magnetic coupling take place between said antenna and said device-under-test in at least a portion of a frequency band, the antenna being disposed so it does not include a shield that affects an electromagnetic field coupled from the device to the antenna; (b) measuring the values of a plurality of output currents flowing in the loop of said antenna in different directions while the electric and magnetic coupling are occurring and the loop is at the first position, the currents flowing in said portion of the frequency band; (c) calculating (i) a value of an electric coupling current generated in the loop of said antenna in response to the electric coupling between said device-under-test and said antenna while the loop is at the first position, and (ii) a value of a magnetic coupling current generated in the loop of said antenna in response to magnetic coupling between said device-under-test and the loop of said antenna while the loop is at the first position, the calculation step being based on the measured values and said directions of said output currents; (d) calculating the intensity of the electric field and the intensity of the magnetic field based on said values of said calculated electric and magnetic coupling currents; (e) moving the loop of said antenna to a second position within the region, and then again performing steps (b), (c) and (d) so that there are first and second sequential measuring steps (b) in response to the loop being at the first and second positions, and first and second calculating steps (c) and (d) that are respectively performed in response to the first and second measuring steps (b); and (f) responding to the first and second calculations resulting from step (d) to obtain a measure of the spatial distribution of intensity of the electromagnetic field surrounding the device under test. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. An apparatus for measuring intensity of an electromagnetic field surrounding a device-under-test, comprising:
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(a) an antenna having an unshielded conducting loop adapted to be disposed within a region where electric coupling and magnetic coupling can take place between the loop of said antenna and said device-under-test in at least a portion of a frequency band, the antenna being arranged so it does not include a shield that affects an electromagnetic field coupled from the device to the antenna; (b) a current meter arrangement for measuring a plurality of output currents flowing in different directions in the loop of said antenna, the current meter arrangement being arranged for measuring the output currents in said portion of the frequency band; (c) a drive for moving the loop of said antenna in relation to different regions of said device-under-test; and (d) a calculating arrangement for calculating; (a′
) at each of the different regions of said device under test;(i) a value of an electric coupling current generated in response to electric coupling between said device-under-test and the loop of said antenna, and (ii) a value of a magnetic coupling current generated in response to magnetic coupling between said device-under-test and the loop of said antenna, the values of (i) and (ii) being based on values of said measured output currents and the directions of said output currents, and (iii) the intensity of the electric field and the intensity of the magnetic field, based on said calculated value of said electric coupling current and said calculated value of said magnetic coupling current; and (b′
) a spatial distribution of the intensities of electric and magnetic fields in response to the results of calculations (i), (ii), and (iii) at the different positions. - View Dependent Claims (9)
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10. A method of measuring current-voltage distribution in a device-under-test, comprising the steps of:
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(a) disposing an unshielded conducting loop of an antenna at a first position within a region where electric coupling and magnetic coupling take place between the loop of said antenna and said device-under-test in at least a portion of a frequency band, the antenna being disposed so it does not include a shield that affects an electromagnetic field coupled from the device to the antenna; (b) measuring the values of a plurality of output currents flowing in the loop of said antenna at different directions of the loop relative to the device-under-test while the electric and magnetic coupling are occurring and the loop is at the first position, the currents flowing in said at least a portion of the frequency band; (c) calculating a value of an electric coupling current generated in the loop of said antenna in response to the electric coupling at the first location between said device-under-test and the loop of said antenna, and a value of a magnetic coupling current generated in the loop of said antenna in response to magnetic coupling at the first location between said device-under-test and the loop of said antenna, the calculation step being based on the measured values and the directions of said output currents at the first location; (d) calculating the intensity of the electric field and the intensity of the magnetic field based on said calculated values of said electric and magnetic coupling currents; (e) calculating the intensity of current and the intensity of voltage, based on the intensity of the electric field and the intensity of the magnetic field at the first location as determined during step (d); (f) moving the loop of said antenna relative to the device under test so the loop and device under test are at a second position, and then again performing steps (b), (c), (d) and (e) in response to the loop and device under test being at the second position so that there are first and second sequential measuring steps (b) and first and second calculating steps (c), (d) and (e) that are respectively performed in response to the first and second measuring steps (b) at the first and second positions; and (g) responding to the first and second calculations of step (e) to obtain a measure of the spatial distributions of the intensities of current and voltage in the device under test. - View Dependent Claims (11)
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12. An apparatus for measuring current-voltage distribution in a device-under-test, comprising:
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(a) an antenna having an unshielded conducting loop adapted to be disposed within a region where electric coupling and magnetic coupling can take place between the loop of said antenna and said device-under-test in at least a portion of a frequency band, the antenna being disposed so it does not include a shield that affects an electromagnetic field coupled from the device to the antenna; (b) a current meter arrangement for measuring a plurality of output currents flowing in different directions in the loop of said antenna, the current meter arrangement being arranged for measuring the output currents in said portion of the frequency band; (c) a calculating arrangement for calculating; (i) a value of an electric coupling current generated by electric coupling between said device-under-test and the loop of said antenna, and a value of a magnetic coupling current generated by magnetic coupling between said device-under-test and the loop said antenna, based on values of said output currents and directions of said output currents, (ii) the intensity of the electric field and the intensity of the magnetic field, based on said value of said electric coupling current and said value of said magnetic coupling current, and (iii) the intensity of current and the intensity of voltage, based on said intensity of electric field and said intensity of magnetic field; and (d) a drive for moving the loop of said antenna relative to the device-under-test. - View Dependent Claims (13)
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14. A method of enabling a determination to be made of the quality of an electronic device, comprising the steps of:
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(a) disposing an unshielded conducting loop of an antenna within a region where electric coupling and magnetic coupling take place between said loop and said electronic device in at least a portion of a frequency band, the antenna being disposed so it does not include a shield that affects an electromagnetic field coupled from the device to the antenna; (b) measuring a plurality of output currents flowing in different directions in said loop, the output currents being in the portion of the frequency band; (c) calculating the value of an electric coupling current generated by electric coupling between said electronic device and said loop, and a value of a magnetic coupling current generated by magnetic coupling between said electronic device and said loop, the calculations of the electric and magnetic coupling currents being made based on the values of said measured output currents and the directions of said output currents; (d) responding to said value of said calculated electric coupling current and said value of said calculated magnetic coupling current to calculate the intensity of an electric field and the intensity of a magnetic field coupled between the device and the loop; and (e) judging the quality of said electronic device based on the intensities of the calculated electric and magnetic fields.
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15. An apparatus for enabling the quality of an electronic device to be judged comprising:
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(a) an antenna having an unshielded conducting loop adapted to be located within an area where electric coupling and magnetic coupling take place between the loop of said antenna and said electronic device in at least a portion of a frequency band, the antenna being arranged so it does not include a shield that affects an electromagnetic field coupled from the device to the antenna; (b) a current measuring arrangement connected to be responsive to a plurality of output currents flowing in different directions in said loop, the output currents being in the portion of the frequency band; (c) a computer arrangement for (i) calculating a value of an electric coupling current generated by electric coupling between said electronic device and said loop, and a value of a magnetic coupling current generated by magnetic coupling between said electronic device and said loop, the calculations of the electric and magnetic coupling currents being based on values of said output currents and directions of said output currents; and (ii) calculating the intensity of an electric field between the device and the loop and the intensity of a magnetic field between the device and the loop, the electric and magnetic field intensities being calculated based on said value of said calculated electric coupling current and said value of said calculated magnetic coupling current. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. A method of providing a measure of the intensity of an electromagnetic field in a region in sufficient proximity to a device-under-test so that electric and magnetic field coupling occur between the device and region, comprising the steps of:
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disposing an unshielded conducting loop of an antenna within the region so electric and magnetic field coupling take place between said loop and the region of said device-under-test in at least a portion of a frequency band, the antenna being disposed so it does not include a shield that affects an electromagnetic field coupled from the device to the antenna; the electric and magnetic field coupling causing separate currents to flow in the loop; detecting the amplitudes and directions of flow of the separate currents; and
providing the measure of the intensity of the electromagnetic field by responding to the detected amplitudes and directions of flow of the separate currents. - View Dependent Claims (21)
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22. Apparatus for providing a measure of the intensity of an electromagnetic field in a region in sufficient proximity to a device-under-test so that electric and magnetic field coupling occur between the device and the apparatus while the apparatus is in the region, the apparatus comprising:
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an antenna having an unshielded conducting loop arranged so that while the loop is in the region, electric and magnetic field coupling can take place between said loop and the region of the device-under-test in at least a portion of a frequency band, the antenna being disposed so it does not include a shield that affects an electromagnetic field coupled from the device to the antenna; the loop being arranged for enabling the electric and magnetic field coupling to cause separate currents to flow in the loop; a detector arrangement for the amplitudes and directions of flow of the separate currents; and an output arrangement connected to be responsive to indications of the detected amplitudes and directions of flow of the separate currents for providing the measure of the intensity of the electromagnetic field. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24)
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Specification