Complementary beamforming methods and apparatuses
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A method for use in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
- outputting at least one signal suitable for causing a smart antenna to transmit at least one complementary beam, said at least one signal being operatively configured to cause said smart antenna to perform single beam complementary beamforming (SBCBF);
causing said smart antenna to transmit said at least one complementary beam based on said at least one signal; and
configuring said at least one signal to cause said smart antenna to perform said SBCBF by transmitting energy at a detectable transmit power level in all smart antenna-supported directions while substantially preserving a shape of at least one main transmit beam having a transmit power level that is significantly greater than said detectable transmit power level, said SBCBF being operatively performed by said smart antenna that is operatively associated with a base station within a wireless communication system, said base station including a Butler matrix network configured to form said at least one main beam using said smart antenna, and further configured to provide at least one of post-combining SBCBF or pre-combining SBCBF.
9 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Improved methods and apparatuses are provided to address a potential “hidden beam problem” in wireless communication systems employing smart antennas. The improved methods and apparatuses utilize complementary beamforming (CBF) techniques, such as, for example, Subspace Complementary Beamforming (SCBF), Complementary Superposition Beamforming (CSBF) and/or Single Beam Complementary Beamforming (SBCBF) techniques.
-
Citations
56 Claims
-
1. A method for use in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
-
outputting at least one signal suitable for causing a smart antenna to transmit at least one complementary beam, said at least one signal being operatively configured to cause said smart antenna to perform single beam complementary beamforming (SBCBF); causing said smart antenna to transmit said at least one complementary beam based on said at least one signal; and configuring said at least one signal to cause said smart antenna to perform said SBCBF by transmitting energy at a detectable transmit power level in all smart antenna-supported directions while substantially preserving a shape of at least one main transmit beam having a transmit power level that is significantly greater than said detectable transmit power level, said SBCBF being operatively performed by said smart antenna that is operatively associated with a base station within a wireless communication system, said base station including a Butler matrix network configured to form said at least one main beam using said smart antenna, and further configured to provide at least one of post-combining SBCBF or pre-combining SBCBF. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
-
-
6. A method for use in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
-
outputting at least one signal suitable for causing a smart antenna to transmit at least one complementary beam, said at least one signal being operatively configured to cause said smart antenna to perform subspace complementary beamforming (SCBF), and said at least one signal including N-K data streams operatively configured to cause said smart antenna to transmit energy in at least one side lobe; determining said at least one signal by using a Downlink Beamforming Matrix;
W=UΛ
VH;
determining said at least one signal by using a Steering Matrix;A=[a(θ
1) a(θ
2) . . . a(θ
K)], wherein a(θ
k) represents a steering vector of user k;and wherein; if W=A*B, where B is a non-singular K-by-K matrix, then using a complementary beamforming matrix of
wherein C0=Nc0 is the level of the main lobe, k0 is the scaling factor and u1 is the l-th column vector of U, otherwise using a complementary beamforming matrix of
wherein ū
1 is the l-th left singular vector of the matrix
and A*=Ũ
{tilde over (Λ
)}{tilde over (V)}H is assumed, and in scattering channel H*=Ũ
{tilde over (Λ
)}{tilde over (V)}H is assumed.- View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9)
and wherein r is rank of Wa.
-
-
10. A method for use in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
-
outputting at least one signal suitable for causing a smart antenna to transmit at least one complementary beam, said at least one signal being operatively configured to cause said smart antenna to perform complementary superposition beamforming (CSBF); and determining said at least one signal by using a downlink beamforming matrix; {tilde over (W)}=[w1 . . . wk−
1 {tilde over (w)}k wk+1 . . . wK], where {tilde over (w)}k=p0wk+Wcp and p is complex conjugate transpose of the l-th row of Wc,
is normalized complex conjugate of the l-th element of wk.- View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
-
-
24. A method for use in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
outputting at least one signal suitable for causing a smart antenna to transmit at least one complementary beam, wherein said outputting includes selectively constructing a plurality of matrices Z1, Z1, . . . , ZL, where L is a length of a downlink transmission period, such that said plurality of matrices satisfy at least one property selected from a group of properties comprising; (a) for all 1≦
i≦
L, a matrix Zi is a k×
m matrix whose rows are in a set {0, ±
U0H, ±
U1H, . . . , ±
Um−
k−
1H};(b) if L is even, then, Z2=−
Z1, Z4=−
Z3, . . . , ZL=−
ZL−
1;(c) if L is odd, then Z2=−
Z1, Z4=−
Z3, . . . , ZL−
1=−
ZL−
2, ZL=0; and(d) each element +U0H, −
U0H, +U1H, −
U1H, . . . , +Um−
k−
1H, −
Um−
k−
1H appear p times in a list of Lk rows of Z1, Z1, . . . , ZL for some positive integer p.- View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28)
-
29. An apparatus for use in a wireless communication system, the apparatus comprising:
-
a smart antenna operatively coupled to receive at least one signal and configured to transmit at least one complementary beam based on said at least one signal; and circuitry configured to output said at least one signal suitable for causing the smart antenna to transmit said at least one complementary beam, said at least one signal being operatively configured to cause said smart antenna to perform single beam complementary beamforming (SBCBF), said at least one signal being configured by said circuitry to cause said smart antenna to perform said SBCBF by transmitting energy at a detectable transmit power level in all smart antenna-supported directions while substantially preserving a shape of at least one main transmit beam having a transmit power level that is significantly greater than said detectable transmit power level, said smart antenna being operatively associated with a base station within the wireless communication system, said base station including at least a portion of said circuitry which includes a Butler matrix network configured to form said at least one main beam using said smart antenna, and said Butler matrix network being configured to provide at least one of post-combining SBCBF or pre-combining SBCBF. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33)
-
-
34. An apparatus for use in a wireless communication system, the apparatus comprising:
-
circuitry configured to output at least one signal suitable for causing a smart antenna to transmit at least one complementary beam, said at least one signal being operatively configured to cause said smart antenna to perform subspace complementary beamforming (SCBF), and said at least one signal including N−
K data streams operatively configured to cause said smart antenna to transmit energy in at least one side lobe;
wherein;said circuitry is configured to determine said at least one signal by using a Downlink Beamforming Matrix;
W=UΛ
VH;said circuitry is configured to determine said at least one signal by using a Steering Matrix;
A=[a(θ
1) a(θ
2) . . . a(θ
K)], wherein a(θ
k) represents a steering vector of user k; and
wherein;if W=A*B, where B is a non-singular K-by-K matrix, then said circuitry is configured to use a complementary beamforming matrix of
wherein C0=Nc0 is the level of the main lobe, k0 is the scaling factor and ul is the l-th column vector of U,otherwise said circuitry is configured to use a complementary beamforming matrix of
wherein ū
l is the l-th left singular vector of the matrix
and A*=Ũ
{tilde over (Λ
)}{tilde over (V)}H is assumed, and in scattering channel H*=Ũ
{tilde over (Λ
)}{tilde over (V)}H is assumed.- View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37)
and wherein r is rank of Wa.
-
-
38. An apparatus for use in a wireless communication system, the apparatus comprising:
-
circuitry configured to output at least one signal suitable for causing a smart antenna to transmit at least one complementary beam, said circuitry being configured such that said at least one signal causes said smart antenna to perform complementary superposition beamforming (CSBF); and
whereinsaid circuitry is configured to determine said at least one signal by using a downlink beamforming matrix;
{tilde over (W)}=[w1 . . . wk−
1 {tilde over (w)}k wk+1 . . . wK], where {tilde over (w)}k=p0wk+Wcp and p is complex conjugate transpose of the l-th row of Wc,
is normalized complex conjugate of the l-th element of wk.- View Dependent Claims (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51)
-
-
52. An apparatus for use in a wireless communication system, the apparatus comprising:
-
circuitry configured to output at least one signal suitable for causing a smart antenna to transmit at least one complementary beam, said circuitry being configured to construct a plurality of matrices Z1, Z1, . . . , ZL, where L is a length of a downlink transmission period, such that said plurality of matrices satisfy at least one property selected from a group of properties comprising; (a) for all 1≦
i≦
L, a matrix Zi is a k×
m matrix whose rows are in a set {0, ±
U0H, ±
U1H, . . . , ±
Um−
k−
1H};(b) if L is even, then, Z2=−
Z1, Z4=−
Z3, . . . , ZL=−
ZL−
1;(c) if L is odd, then Z2=−
Z1, Z4=−
Z3, . . . , ZL−
1=−
ZL−
2, ZL=0; and(d) each element +U0H, −
U0H, +U1H, −
U1H, . . . , +Um−
k−
1H, −
Um−
k−
1H appear p times in a list of Lk rows of Z1, Z1, . . . , ZL for some positive integer p. - View Dependent Claims (53, 54, 55, 56)
-
Specification