Systems and methods for prioritizing reconcilement information searches

• US 7,100,820 B2
• Filed: 12/23/2003
• Issued: 09/05/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 12/23/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: First Data Corporation (Fiserv Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: First Data Corporation (Fiserv Incorporated)
• Inventors: Shankar, Sharat, Tidwell, Lisa C., Templeton, Randy, Michelassi, Leslie
• Primary Examiner(s): ST CYR, DANIEL
• Application Number:
  US10/745,464
• Publication Number:
  US 20050133587A1
• Time in Patent Office: 987 Days
• Field of Search: 235/379
• US Class Current: 235/379
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/042 characterized in that the payment protocol involves at least one cheque
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/40 Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/4016 involving fraud or risk level assessment in transaction processing
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/403 Solvency checks
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 40/00 Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes

Abstract

Systems and methods are disclosed for assisting a check-cashing entity to efficiently and accurately locate relevant positive pay information or other reconcilement information regarding a check or other negotiable instrument that has been presented in association with a request to cash, deposit, use as payment or other otherwise accept the check or negotiable instrument. In various embodiments, when a plurality of potentially useful reconcilement information sources are selected for querying in association with a proposed check-cashing transaction from amongst a set of available reconcilement information sources, factors relating to the transaction, factors relating to characteristics of the information sources, and factors relating to preferences on the part of the check-cashing entity may be considered in order to select and prioritize the querying of information sources that are deemed likely to hold desired reconcilement information.

Claims

1. A process for selecting at least one source of positive pay information to query in association with a proposed check-cashing transaction, the process comprising:

receiving a request from a check-cashing entity for positive pay authentication for a check presented to the check-cashing entity in association with a proposed check-cashing transaction;

identifying two or more available positive pay information sources;

accessing information about at least one of the set consisting of;

characteristics of the available positive pay information sources, characteristics of the proposed check-cashing transaction, and preferences of the check-cashing entity;

selecting at least two available positive pay information sources and compiling an ordered list of the selected positive pay information sources wherein compiling the ordered list comprises ordering the positive pay information sources in the list such that positive pay information sources determined to be more likely to store positive pay information about the check, based at least in part on the accessed information, are queried earlier than postitive pay information sources determined to be less likely to store positive pay information about the check; and

selecting, based at least in part on the request received from the check-cashing entity and on the accessed information, at least one of the available positive pay information sources to query.

2. The process of claim 1, wherein identifying two or more available positive pay information sources comprises identifying two or more available positive pay information sources that store information about a type of check associated with the transaction.

3. The process of claim 2, wherein identifying two or more available positive pay information sources that store information about a type of check comprises identifying two or more available positive pay information sources associated with at least one of the set consisting of:

payroll checks, payroll check cards, government checks, government check cards, insurance checks, personal checks, personal check cards, other types of check cards, checks issued by a given payroll processor, checks issued in a given geographical region, money orders, and checks drawn on accounts in a given financial institution.

4. The process of claim 1, wherein identifying two or more available positive pay information sources comprises identifying two or more available positive pay information sources that store information about checks associated with a payroll processor associated with the check.

5. The process of claim 1, wherein identifying two or more available positive pay information sources comprises identifying two or more available positive pay information sources that store information about checks issued from an account associated with the check.

6. The process of claim 1, wherein accessing information about the available positive pay information sources comprises accessing, for at least one of the available positive pay information sources, information about at least one of the set consisting of:

cost associated with accessing the information source, a typical response speed of the information source, an assessment of the reliability of information received from the information source, a size of the information source, a type of the information source, and a location associated with the information source.

7. The process of claim 1, wherein accessing information about characteristics of the proposed check-cashing transaction comprises obtaining information about at least one of the set consisting of:

an amount associated with the check, a check type associated with the check, a date associated with the proposed check-cashing transaction, a time associated with the proposed transaction, a location associated with the transaction, and an entity type associated with the check-cashing entity.

8. The process of claim 1, wherein accessing information about preferences of the check-cashing entity comprises accessing information about at least one of the set consisting of:

a risk tolerance level of the check-cashing entity, an authentication process speed preference of the check-cashing entity, and an authentication process cost preference of the check-cashing entity.

9. The process of claim 1, wherein selecting at least one of the available positive pay information sources to query comprises selecting at least one positive pay information source that satisfies preferences expressed by the check-cashing entity.

10. The process of claim 1, further comprising compiling the ordered list based at least in part on the preferences of the check-cashing entity.

11. The process of claim 1, further comprising compiling the ordered list based at least in part on preferences expressed by the check-cashing entity.

12. The process of claim 11, wherein compiling the ordered list based at least in part on preferences expressed by the check-cashing entity comprises compiling the ordered list based at least in part on preferences about at least one of the set consisting of:

a risk tolerance level of the check-cashing entity, an authentication process speed preference of the check-cashing entity, and an authentication process cost preference of the check-cashing entity.

13. The process of claim 1, further comprising querying the selected positive pay information sources in the order of the ordered list.

14. A process for selecting at least one source of positive pay information to query in association with a proposed check-cashing transaction, the process comprising:

receiving a request from a check-cashing entity for positive pay authentication for a check presented to the check-cashing entity in association with a proposed check-cashing transaction;

identifying two or more available positive pay information sources;

accessing information about at least one of the set consisting of;

characteristics of the available positive pay information sources, characteristics of the proposed check-cashing transaction, and preferences of the check-cashing entity;

selecting, based at least in part on the request received from the check-cashing entity and on the accessed information, at least one of the available positive pay information sources to query; and

querying at least one of the selected positive pay information sources for positive pay information associated with the proposed check-cashing transaction;

receiving from the at least one positive pay information sources queried at least one positive pay status report associated with the proposed check-cashing transaction; and

based at least in part on the at least one positive pay status report received, selecting at least one of the available positive pay information sources that has not been queried, to query for additional positive pay information associated with the proposed check-cashing transaction.

15. A check authentication system, comprising:

a data interface configured to receive from a check-cashing entity a request for positive pay authentication in association with a proposed check-cashing transaction, wherein the request comprises information about characteristics of the proposed check-cashing transaction;

a computer-accessible storage medium configured to store information about characteristics of one or more positive pay information sources and information about preferences expressed by the check-cashing entity; and

a processor programmed to receive information about the request for positive pay authentication from the data interface, the processor being further programmed to access at least a portion of the stored information from the computer-accessible storage medium and to select, based at least in part on the information from the data interface and the information from the computer-accessible storage medium, a subset of the positive pay information sources to access in a search for positive pay information associated with the proposed check-cashing transaction.

16. A point-of-sale device, comprising:

an input system configured to obtain information about a proposed check-cashing transaction;

a communications system configured to send at least some of the obtained information about the proposed check-cashing transaction to a remote system for a positive pay authentication, the communications system further configured to receive from the remote system a positive pay authentication result associated with the proposed check-cashing transaction, wherein the positive pay authentication result is based at least in part on positive pay information accessed from an ordered list of a plurality of positive pay information sources selected for querying from amongst a set of at least two available positive pay information sources such that positive pay information sources determined to be more likely to store positive pay information are queried earlier than positive pay information sources determined to be less likely to store information about the check-cashing transaction.

17. The point-of-sale device of claim 16, further comprising:

a display configured to display to an operator of the point-of-sale device a message based at least in part on the positive pay authentication result.

18. A process for reducing risk associated with accepting a check offered at a check-cashing transaction, the process comprising the acts of:

entering into an agreement with a check authentication system in which the check authentication system agrees to perform positive pay check authentications;

informing the check authentication system of preferences associated with positive pay check authentications;

transmitting a positive pay authentication request associated with a proposed check-cashing transaction to the check authentication system;

transmitting information associated with the proposed check-cashing transaction to the check authentication system;

receiving from the check authentication system data indicative of a positive pay authentication result, wherein the positive pay authentication result is based at least in part on information obtained from at least one positive pay information source selected from an ordered list of at least two available positive pay information sources, wherein the selection is based at least in part on the transmitted information associated with the proposed check-cashing transaction and on the preferences associated with positive pay authentications and wherein the positive pay information sources determined to be more likely to store information are queried earlier than positive pay information sources determined to be less likely to store positive pay information about the check-cashing transaction; and

determining whether to accept the check offered at the proposed check-cashing transaction, based at least in part on the positive pay authentication result.

19. A method of participating in a selection of positive pay information sources for use in conjunction with a request for positive pay authentication, the method comprising:

providing to a check authentication system information about preferences regarding positive pay authentications to be performed by the check authentication system;

providing to the check authentication system information about a proposed check-cashing transaction for which positive pay authentication is requested; and

receiving from the check authentication system a message indicative of a positive pay authentication result that is aggregated from positive pay information accessed from an ordered list of at least two positive pay information sources such that positive pay information sources determined to be more likely to store positive pay information are queried earlier than positive pay information sources determined to be less likely to store positive pay information about the proposed check-cashing transaction, and wherein the sources are selected based at least in part on at least one of the set consisting of;

the provided information about preferences and the provided information about the proposed check-cashing transaction.

20. A method of participating in a selection of positive pay information sources for use in conjunction with a request for positive pay authentication, the method comprising:

providing to a remote system information about characteristics associated with a source of positive pay information for the purpose of assisting the remote system to select positive pay information sources to query from amongst an ordered list of a plurality of available positive pay information sources such that positive pay information sources determined to be more likely to store positive pay information about the check are queried earlier than positive pay information sources determined to be less likely to store positive pay information about a financial transaction, and wherein the selection is based at least in part on the provided information about the characteristics of the positive pay information source.

21. A positive pay information source that provides to a check authentication system information useful for assisting the check authentication system in a selection of an ordered list of at least two positive pay information sources to query for authentication of a check wherein positive pay information sources determined to be more likely to store positive pay information about the check are queried earlier than positive pay information sources determined to be less likely to store positive pay information about the check.

22. The positive pay information source of claim 21, wherein the information comprises information about at least one of the set consisting of:

at least one check issuer associated with the positive pay information source, at least one bank account identifier associated with the positive pay information source, at least one check type associated with the positive pay information source, a location associated with the positive pay information source, a measure of size of the positive pay information source, a measure of response speed of the positive pay information source, a measure of frequency at which positive pay information stored by the positive pay information source is updated, and a monetary cost associated with obtaining positive pay information from the positive pay information source.

23. A reconcilement information source, comprising:

a computer-accessible storage medium configured to store reconcilement information about negotiable instruments; and

a communications system configured to transmit data about the reconcilement information source to a remote system that conducts searches for reconcilement information, wherein the communications system transmits the data for the purpose of assisting the remote system to determine whether to query an ordered list of the reconcilement information sources in a search for reconcilement information wherein reconcilement information sources determined to be more likely to store reconcilement information about a negotiable instrument are queried earlier than reconcilement information sources determined to be less likely to store reconcilement information about the negotiable instrument.

24. The reconcilement information source of claim 23, wherein the communications system is configured to transmit data about at least one of the set consisting of:

at least one issuer of negotiable instruments associated with the reconcilement information, at least one account identifier associated with the reconcilement information, at least one negotiable instrument type associated with the reconcilement information, a location associated with the reconcilement information source, a measure of storage capacity of the reconcilement information source, a measure of response speed of the reconcilement information source, a measure of frequency at which the reconcilement information is updated, and a monetary cost associated with making a reconcilement information request.

25. A process for evaluating the likelihood of a check being honored by an issuer of the check, the process comprising:

identifying a plurality of positive pay information sources that comprise information about checks that check-issuers are willing to honor; and

determining a prioritized ordered list for querying at least two of the positive pay information sources in order to enhance the speed of an evaluation of a check that has been presented for cashing, wherein the determination of the prioritized order is based at least in part on information received from at least one of the positive pay information sources and wherein Positive pay information sources determined to be more likely to store information about the check are queried earlier than Positive Day information sources determined to be less likely to store information about the check.

26. A reconcilement information source, comprising:

a computer-accessible storage medium configured to store reconcilement information; and

a communications system configured to transmit to a remote system data for the purpose of enabling the remote system to select at least one reconcilement information source from an order list of reconcilement information sources wherein reconcilement information sources determined to be more likely to store reconcilement information are queried earlier than reconcilement information sources determined to be less likely to store reconcilement information in association with requests for reconcilement authentication, the data comprising information about at least one of the set consisting of;

at least one issuer of negotiable instruments associated with the reconcilement information, at least one account identifier associated with the reconcilement information, at least one negotiable instrument type associated with the reconcilement information, a location associated with the reconcilement information source, a measure of size of the reconcilement information source, a measure of response speed of the reconcilement information source, a measure of frequency at which the reconcilement information is updated, and a monetary cost associated with making a reconcilement information request.

27. A system for selecting at least one source of positive pay information to query in association with a proposed check-cashing transaction, the system comprising:

means for receiving a request from a check-cashing entity for a positive pay authentication of a check presented to the check-cashing entity in association with a proposed check-cashing transaction;

means for identifying one or more available positive pay information sources;

means for accessing information about at least one of the set consisting of;

characteristics of the available positive pay information sources, characteristics of the proposed check-cashing transaction, and preferences of the check-cashing entity; and

means for selecting, based at least in part on the request received from the check-cashing entity and on the accessed information, at least one of the available positive pay information source from an ordered list of positive pay information sources to query wherein postitive pay information sources determined to be more likely to store positive pay information are queried earlier than positive pay information sources determined to be less likely to store positive pay information.