Apparatus and method for monitoring and/or analysis of electrical machines during operation
First Claim
1. An apparatus for monitoring and/or analysis of electrical machines during operation, the electrical machine having at least one generator with a shaft and a drive element for driving the shaft, the apparatus comprising:
- a shaft grounding configured to ground the shaft at a first end of the generator;
a measurement unit disposed on the shaft at a second end of the generator and configured to measure at least one of a shaft voltage and a shaft current as a function of time so as to obtain at least one first signal; and
an analysis unit configured to receive the at least one first signal and to perform a combined and simultaneous analysis for at least two potential fault states in the electrical machine, wherein the analysis unit is configured to perform the analysis both in a low-frequency and in a radio-frequency signal range.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An apparatus and a method for monitoring and/or analysis of electrical machines during operation, wherein the electrical machine has at least one generator with a shaft and drive means for driving this shaft, wherein the shaft is grounded at the first end of the generator, and wherein a measurement unit for measurement of shaft voltage and/or shaft current as a function of time is provided on the shaft at the second end of the generator. An apparatus such as this allows the combined and simultaneous measurement of various fault states by supplying signals for the shaft voltage and/or the shaft current to an analysis unit, wherein the analysis unit allows combined and simultaneous analysis of at least two potential fault states of the electrical machine. Simultaneous cross-relationships between the individual measurement results of individual fault states may be provided so as to allow a clearer and more reliable diagnosis of critical states, not possible when individual phenomena are considered separately.
47 Citations
29 Claims
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1. An apparatus for monitoring and/or analysis of electrical machines during operation, the electrical machine having at least one generator with a shaft and a drive element for driving the shaft, the apparatus comprising:
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a shaft grounding configured to ground the shaft at a first end of the generator; a measurement unit disposed on the shaft at a second end of the generator and configured to measure at least one of a shaft voltage and a shaft current as a function of time so as to obtain at least one first signal; and an analysis unit configured to receive the at least one first signal and to perform a combined and simultaneous analysis for at least two potential fault states in the electrical machine, wherein the analysis unit is configured to perform the analysis both in a low-frequency and in a radio-frequency signal range. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. An apparatus for monitoring and/or analysis of electrical machines during operation, the electrical machine having at least one generator with a shaft and a drive element for driving the shaft, the apparatus comprising:
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a shaft grounding configured to ground the shaft at a first end of the generator; a measurement unit disposed on the shaft at a second end of the generator and configured to measure at least one of a shaft voltage and a shaft current as a function of time so as to obtain at least one first signal; and an analysis unit configured to receive the at least one first signal and to perform a combined and simultaneous analysis for at least two potential fault states in the electrical machine, wherein the shaft grounding includes a grounding unit for providing a second measurement of at least one of the shaft voltage and the shaft current as a function of time so as to provide at least one second signal, wherein the analysis unit is configured to receive the at least one second signal and to combine the at least one second signal with the at least one first signal and to evaluate the at least one second signal simultaneously with the at least one first signal, and wherein the analysis unit includes at least one filtering element for filtering the at least one first signal and the at least one second signal on a frequency-selective basis. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14)
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15. An apparatus for monitoring and/or analysis of electrical machines during operation, the electrical machine having at least one generator with a shaft and a drive element for driving the shaft, the apparatus comprising:
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a shaft grounding configured to ground the shaft at a first end of the generator; a measurement unit disposed on the shaft at a second end of the generator and configured to measure at least one of a shaft voltage and a shaft current as a function of time so as to obtain at least one first signal; and an analysis unit configured to receive the at least one first signal and to perform a combined and simultaneous analysis for at least two potential fault states in the electrical machine, wherein the analysis unit is configured to perform a sampling process as part of the analysis, wherein the shaft grounding includes a grounding unit for providing a second measurement of at least one of the shaft voltage and the shaft current as a function of time so as to provide at least one second signal, wherein the analysis unit is configured to receive the at least one second signal and to combine the at least one second signal with the at least one first signal and to evaluate the at least one second signal simultaneously with the at least one first signal, wherein the analysis unit is configured to perform a sampling process as part of the analysis, and wherein a sampling rate is used in the sampling process corresponding to one of a mains frequency and an integer multiple of the mains frequency divided by a number of pole pairs of the generator.
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16. An apparatus for monitoring and/or analysis of electrical machines during operation, the electrical machine having at least one generator with a shaft and a drive element for driving the shaft, the apparatus comprising:
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a shaft grounding configured to ground the shaft at a first end of the generator; a measurement unit disposed on the shaft at a second end of the generator and configured to measure at least one of a shaft voltage and a shaft current as a function of time so as to obtain at least one first signal; and an analysis unit configured to receive the at least one first signal and to perform a combined and simultaneous analysis for at least two potential fault states in the electrical machine, wherein the analysis unit is configured to perform a sampling process as part of the analysis, wherein the shaft grounding includes a grounding unit for providing a second measurement of at least one of the shaft voltage and the shaft current as a function of time so as to provide at least one second signal, wherein the analysis unit is configured to receive the at least one second signal and to combine the at least one second signal with the at least one first signal and to evaluate the at least one second signal simultaneously with the at least one first signal, and wherein the analysis unit is configured to investigate the at least one first signal with respect to at least one of a frequency modulation, an amplitude modulation, and frequency lines contained in at least one of the at least one first signal and the at least second signal, so as to analyze the at least one first signal. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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22. An apparatus for monitoring and/or analysis of electrical machines during operation, the electrical machine having at least one generator with a shaft and a drive element for driving the shaft, the apparatus comprising:
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a shaft grounding configured to ground the shaft at a first end of the generator; a measurement unit disposed on the shaft at a second end of the generator and configured to measure at least one of a shaft voltage and a shaft current as a function of time so as to obtain at least one first signal; and an analysis unit configured to receive the at least one first signal and to perform a combined and simultaneous analysis for at least two potential fault states in the electrical machine, wherein the analysis unit is configured to perform a sampling process as part of the analysis, wherein the shaft grounding includes a grounding unit for providing a second measurement of at least one of the shaft voltage and the shaft current as a function of time so as to provide at least one second signal, wherein the analysis unit is configured to receive the at least one second signal and to combine the at least one second signal with the at least one first signal and to evaluate the at least one second signal simultaneously with the at least one first signal, wherein the analysis unit is configured to perform a sampling process as part of the analysis, and wherein the sampling process includes performing a Fourier transform in sections of at least one of the at least one first signal and the at least second signal and a resulting spectrum is analyzed for at least one of line broadening, sidebands, and frequency lines in baseband. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24)
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25. An apparatus for monitoring and/or analysis of electrical machines during operation, the electrical machine having at least one generator with a shaft and a drive element for driving the shaft, the apparatus comprising:
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a shaft grounding configured to ground the shaft at a first end of the generator; a measurement unit disposed on the shaft at a second end of the generator and configured to measure at least one of a shaft voltage and a shaft current as a function of time so as to obtain at least one first signal; and an analysis unit configured to receive the at least one first signal and to perform a combined and simultaneous analysis for at least two potential fault states in the electrical machine, wherein the shaft grounding includes a grounding unit having a contact apparatus for contacting the shaft, a high resistance to the contact apparatus, a low resistance to a grounding point, a fuse disposed in parallel with the high resistance, and a measurement resistance, and wherein the grounding unit is configured to tap off the shaft voltage between the high resistance and the contact apparatus and the grounding point, and to tap off the shaft current across the measurement resistance. - View Dependent Claims (26)
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27. An apparatus for monitoring and/or analysis of electrical machines during operation, the electrical machine having at least one generator with a shaft and a drive element for driving the shaft, the apparatus comprising:
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a shaft grounding configured to ground the shaft at a first end of the generator; a measurement unit disposed on the shaft at a second end of the generator and configured to measure at least one of a shaft voltage and a shaft current as a function of time so as to obtain at least one first signal; and an analysis unit configured to receive the at least one first signal and to perform a combined and simultaneous analysis for at least two potential fault states in the electrical machine, wherein the measurement unit has a contact apparatus on the shaft, a fuse connected to the contact apparatus, one or more capacitances disposed in parallel with each other, a resistance to the grounding point disposed in parallel with the one or more capacitances, and a measurement resistance disposed between the grounding point and the parallel-disposed one or more capacitances and resistance, and wherein the shaft voltage is tapped off between the fuse and the grounding point and the shaft current is tapped off across the measurement resistance.
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28. A method for monitoring and/or analysis of electrical machines during operation, the electrical machine having at least one generator with a shaft and a drive element for driving the shaft, the method comprising:
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grounding the shaft at a first end of the generator; measuring at least one of a shaft voltage and a shaft current as a function of time using a measurement unit disposed on the shaft at a second end of the generator; providing at least one signal indicative of at least one of the shaft voltage and the shaft current to an analysis unit; and performing a combined and simultaneous analysis for at least two potential fault states in the electrical machine using the analysis unit, wherein the analysis is performed both in a low-frequency and in a radio-frequency signal range. - View Dependent Claims (29)
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Specification