Method and system for providing content delivery to a set of participating content providers

• US 7,103,645 B2
• Filed: 04/17/2003
• Issued: 09/05/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 07/14/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Leighton, F. Thomson, Lewin, Daniel M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Dharia, Rupal
• Assistant Examiner(s): Shingles, Kristie D.
• Application Number:
  US10/417,607
• Publication Number:
  US 20030191822A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,237 Days
• Field of Search: 709/201, 709/217, 709/219, 709/229
• US Class Current: 709/219
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/957 Browsing optimisation, e.g. caching or content distillation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/9574 of access to content, e.g. by caching
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/958 Organisation or management of web site content, e.g. publishing, maintaining pages or automatic linking
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/2514 between local and global IP addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/30 Managing network names, e.g. use of aliases or nicknames name-to-address mapping H04L61/45
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/4511 using domain name system [DNS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5007 Internet protocol [IP] addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/02 based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1001 for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/10015 Access to distributed or replicated servers, e.g. using brokers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1008 based on parameters of servers, e.g. available memory or workload monitoring of computer activity G06F11/30
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/101 based on network conditions
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1019 Random or heuristic server selection
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1021 based on client or server locations
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1023 based on a hash applied to IP addresses or costs
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1029 using data related to the state of servers by a load balancer
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1034 Reaction to server failures by a load balancer
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1095 Replication or mirroring of data, e.g. scheduling or transport for data synchronisation between network nodes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/289 Intermediate processing functionally located close to the data consumer application, e.g. in same machine, in same home or in same sub-network
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/563 Data redirection of data network streams
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/567 : Integrating service provisioning from a plurality of service providers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/568 : Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/40 : Network security protocols

Abstract

The present invention is a network architecture or framework that supports hosting and content distribution on a truly global scale. The inventive framework allows a Content Provider to replicate and serve its most popular content at an unlimited number of points throughout the world. The inventive framework comprises a set of servers operating in a distributed manner. The actual content to be served is preferably supported on a set of hosting servers (sometimes referred to as ghost servers). This content comprises HTML page objects that, conventionally, are served from a Content Provider site. In accordance with the invention, however, a base HTML document portion of a Web page is served from the Content Provider'"'"'s site while one or more embedded objects for the page are served from the hosting servers, preferably, those hosting servers near the client machine. By serving the base HTML document from the Content Provider'"'"'s site, the Content Provider maintains control over the content.

Claims

1. In a wide area network in which an Internet domain name system (DNS) is useable to resolve DNS queries directed to participating content provider content that is available from participating content provider sites, a method of content delivery wherein participating content providers identify content to be delivered by a service provider from a set of content servers that are distinct from the participating content provider sites and associated with the service provider, wherein a given object of a participating content provider is associated with an alphanumeric string, the method comprising:

having the service provider establish an alternative domain name system (DNS), distinct from the Internet domain name system and any client local name server, and having authority to resolve the alphanumeric strings associated with the objects identified by the participating content providers so that the objects identified by the participating content providers are available to be served from the service provider'"'"'s content servers, the service provider'"'"'s alternative domain name system having one or more DNS levels, wherein at least one DNS level comprises a set of one or more name servers;

for each of one or more participating content providers, delivering a given object on behalf of the participating content provider, wherein the given object is delivered by the following steps;

responsive to a DNS query to the given object'"'"'s associated alphanumeric string, the DNS query originating from a client local name server, receiving the DNS query at a given name server of a lowest level of the one or more DNS levels in the service provider'"'"'s alternative domain name system, the given name server that receives the DNS query being close to the client local name server as determined by given location information;

having the given name server that receives the DNS query resolve the alphanumeric string into an IP address that the given name server then returns to the client local name server, wherein the alphanumeric string is resolved without reference to a filename for the given object, wherein the IP address returned as a result of the resolution is associated with a content server within a given subset of the set of content servers, the subset of the set of content servers being associated with the given name server, the content server associated with the IP address returned by the given name server being selected according to a load sharing algorithm enforced across the subset of the set of content servers associated with the given name server;

at the content server associated with the IP address, receiving a request for the given object, the request having the filename associated therewith;

if the given object is available for delivery from the content server associated with the IP address, serving the given object from the content server.

2. The method as described in claim 1 wherein each of the set of content servers is adapted to host given objects from a set of participating content providers.

3. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the one or more levels of the alternative domain name subsystem are arranged as a hierarchy of levels, and wherein a name server in a given level selects a name server in a next succeeding level of the hierarchy.

4. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the load sharing algorithm evaluates a load on the content server, wherein the load on the content server is a function of an identifier in the alphanumeric string, the identifier being associated with a virtual content bucket in which the given object is associated.

5. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the given subset of the content servers is located at a given Internet Point of Presence.

6. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the given subset of the content servers is located at a given network access point.

7. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the given object of the participating content provider is an embedded object in a markup language page.

8. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the IP address is identified by the alternative domain name system as a function of where the DNS query originates.

9. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the IP address is identified by the alternative domain name system as a function of where the DNS query originates and Internet traffic conditions.

10. The method as described in claim 1 further including the step of caching the given object at the content server associated with the IP address for a given time to live (TTL) so that the given object is available for delivery in response to a new request received at the content server associated with the IP address.

11. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the load sharing algorithm is a hashing algorithm.

12. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the given location information is an IP address of the client local name server.

13. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the given location information is an IP address of the client from which the DNS query originates.

14. The method as described in claim 1 further including the steps of:

caching the given object at the content server associated with the IP address for a given time to live (TTL);

receiving a new request for the given object at the content server; and

in response to the new request, serving the given object if the TTL has not expired.

15. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the alphanumeric string includes given text characters identifying or associated with the service provider.

16. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the alphanumeric string includes a number together with given text characters identifying or associated with the service provider.

17. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the set of content servers are organized into a set of regions, with each region in the set of regions having a given name server and an associated subset of content servers.

18. The method as described in claim 17 wherein a given region in the set of regions is located at one of:

an Internet Point of Presence, or a given network access point.