DC converter circuit with overshoot protection

• US 7,106,605 B2
• Filed: 06/30/2004
• Issued: 09/12/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: General Motors Corporation (Motors Liquidation Co. GUC Trust)
• Inventors: Kajouke, Lateef A., Chen, Keming, Lazar, James F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Riley, Shawn
• Application Number:
  US10/881,213
• Publication Number:
  US 20060002156A1
• Time in Patent Office: 804 Days
• Field of Search: 363/52, 363/126, 363/24, 363/22
• US Class Current: 363/52
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/28 using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33569 having several active switching elements H02M3/3353 takes precedence

Abstract

A DC-DC converter comprises an input circuit that stores inductive energy that includes a first switch that releases the stored inductive energy. A transformer includes a primary winding that communicates with the input circuit and a secondary winding. An output circuit communicates with the secondary winding and that includes first and second output conductors and a first diode that communicates with one end of the secondary winding and the first output conductor. A second diode communicates with one end of the secondary winding and the second output conductor. A third diode communicates with an opposite end of the secondary winding and the first output conductor. A fourth diode communicates with an opposite end of the secondary winding and the second output conductor. A first capacitor is connected in parallel to the third diode. A second capacitor is connected in parallel to the fourth diode.

Claims

1. A DC-DC converter comprising:

an input circuit that stores inductive energy and that includes a maximum of two switches configured to alternately release at least some of said stored inductive energy;

a transformer including a primary winding that communicates with said input circuit and a secondary winding; and

an output circuit that communicates with said secondary winding and that includes;

first and second output conductors;

a first diode that communicates with one end of said secondary winding and said first output conductor;

a second diode that communicates with said one end of said secondary winding and said second output conductor;

a third diode that communicates with an opposite end of said secondary winding and said first output conductor;

a fourth diode that communicates with said opposite end of said secondary winding and said second output conductor;

a first capacitor connected in parallel to said third diode; and

a second capacitor connected in parallel to said fourth diode;

wherein said switches and capacitors control a rate of buildup of voltage across at least one of said switches upon a release of at least some of said stored inductive energy when one of said switches is switched off.

2. The DC-DC converter of claim 1 wherein a first of said switches allows at least some of said inductive energy to be stored in the input circuit during part of an “

on”

period of a second of said switches, until said first switch is switched off in a subsequent “

on”

period of said second switch.

3. The DC-DC converter of claim 1 wherein an “

on”

period of a first of said switches overlaps portions of two successive “

on”

periods of a second of said switches.

4. The DC-DC converter of claim 1 wherein said input circuit includes:

a first inductor having one end that communicates with a first input conductor and an opposite end that communicates with a first end of said primary winding; and

a second inductor having one end that communicates with said first input conductor and an opposite end that communicates with an opposite end of said primary winding, wherein a first of said switches has one output that communicates with said opposite end of said first inductor and another output that communicates with a second input conductor.

5. The DC-DC converter of claim 4 wherein a second of said switches has one output that communicates with said opposite end of said second inductor and another output that communicates with said second conductor.

6. The DC-DC converter of claim 1 further comprising an output capacitor that has one end that communicates with said first output conductor and an opposite end that communicates with said second output conductor.

12. The DC-DC converter of claim 1 wherein turn-off speeds of said first and second switches are controlled to eliminate voltage overshoot.

7. A DC-DC converter comprising:

an input circuit that stores inductive energy and has switches consisting of a first switch that releases at least some of said stored inductive energy during an “

off”

period of said first switch, and a second switch that allows at least some of said inductive energy to be stored during a period beginning before and ending after the “

off”

period of the first switch;

a transformer including a primary winding that communicates with said input circuit and a secondary winding; and

an output circuit communicates with said secondary winding and that includes;

first and second output conductors;

a first diode that communicates with one end of said secondary winding and said first output conductor;

a second diode that communicates with one end of said secondary winding and said second output conductor;

a third diode that communicates with an opposite end of said secondary winding and said first output conductor;

a fourth diode that communicates with an opposite end of said secondary winding and said second output conductor;

a first capacitor connected in parallel to said fourth diode; and

a second capacitor connected in parallel said third diode;

wherein, when said first switch releases at some of said stored inductive energy, at least one of said first and second capacitors controls build-up of voltage across said first switch.

8. The DC-DC converter of claim 7 wherein said input circuit includes:

a first inductor having one end that communicates with a first input conductor and an opposite end that communicates with a first end of said primary winding; and

a second inductor having one end that communicates with said first input conductor and an opposite end that communicates with an opposite end of said primary winding, wherein said first switch has one output that communicates with said opposite end of said first inductor and another output that communicates with a second input conductor;

wherein said inductive energy is stored in and released from said first and second inductors.

9. The DC-DC converter of claim 8 wherein said second switch has one output that communicates with said opposite end of said second inductor and another output that communicates with said second conductor.

10. The DC-DC converter of claim 7 further comprising an output capacitor that has one end that communicates with said first output conductor and an opposite end that communicates with said second output conductor.

11. The DC-DC converter of claim 7 wherein turn-off speeds of said first and second switches are controlled to eliminate voltage overshoot.

13. A DC-DC converter including an input circuit, a transformer, and an output circuit, the input circuit comprising:

a pair of inductors, each having a first end connected with the other inductor and a first input conductor, a primary winding of said transformer connected between second ends of the inductors; and

a pair of switches, each connected between a second input conductor and the second end of a corresponding one of the inductors;

the output circuit comprising;

first and second diodes connected with each other and between first and second output conductors, a first end of a secondary winding of the transformer connected between the first and second diodes, the first diode having an anode connected with a cathode of the second diode and a cathode connected with the first output conductor;

third and fourth diodes connected with each other and between the output conductors, a second end of the secondary winding connected between the third and fourth diodes, the third diode having an anode connected with a cathode of the fourth diode and a cathode connected with the first output conductor; and

first and second capacitors, each connected in parallel with a corresponding one of the third and fourth diodes;

wherein the switches and capacitors are configured to control a rate of buildup of voltage across at least one of the switches upon a release of energy from the inductors when one of the switches is switched off.

14. The converter of claim 13 wherein the switches have overlapping “

on”

states.