Structured fluid compositions for electrophoretically frustrated total internal reflection displays
First Claim
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1. An electronically addressable display, comprising:
- (a) a transparent upper front sheet;
(b) a lower sheet that is essentially parallel to and spaced from the upper front sheet;
(c) a structured electrophoretic suspension substantially filling the space between the sheets which structure is controlled by the composition of the suspension, wherein the composition comprises a low refractive index liquid;
a light absorbing particles;
particles which are not light absorbing; and
at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a dispersant, a charging agent, a surfactant, a flocculating agent, a polymer, and combination thereof; and
(d) a means for applying a voltage across the suspension for controllably compressing the suspension away from the inward surface of the front sheet to either form a thin particle free liquid layer to allow total internal reflection or a layer with a higher concentration of particles to frustrate total internal reflection at the inward surface of light rays passing through the front sheet.
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Abstract
A structured fluid composition comprising:
- (a) a low refractive index liquid;
- (b) particles including light absorbing charged particles such as pigments, non-light absorbing uncharged particles such as teflon, silica, alumina and combinations thereof; and
- (c) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a dispersant, a charging agent, a surfactant, a flocculating agent, a polymer, and combination thereof;
for use in a TIR electronic display.
The inventive composition improves the long-term stability, response time and visible appearance of image displays which electrophoretically frustrate total internal reflection (TIR).
47 Citations
17 Claims
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1. An electronically addressable display, comprising:
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(a) a transparent upper front sheet; (b) a lower sheet that is essentially parallel to and spaced from the upper front sheet; (c) a structured electrophoretic suspension substantially filling the space between the sheets which structure is controlled by the composition of the suspension, wherein the composition comprises a low refractive index liquid;
a light absorbing particles;
particles which are not light absorbing; and
at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a dispersant, a charging agent, a surfactant, a flocculating agent, a polymer, and combination thereof; and(d) a means for applying a voltage across the suspension for controllably compressing the suspension away from the inward surface of the front sheet to either form a thin particle free liquid layer to allow total internal reflection or a layer with a higher concentration of particles to frustrate total internal reflection at the inward surface of light rays passing through the front sheet. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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Specification