Systems and methods for obtaining image shear and skew

• US 7,120,314 B2
• Filed: 01/15/2003
• Issued: 10/10/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 01/15/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Nagarajan, Ramesh, Schweid, Stuart A., Triplett, Roger L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Couso, Yon J.
• Application Number:
  US10/342,357
• Publication Number:
  US 20040136607A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,364 Days
• Field of Search: 382/293, 382/295, 382/296, 382/298, 382/276, 382/285, 382/287, 382/289, 382/290, 382/291, 382/312, 358/497, 358/493, 358/488, 358/474, 345/648, 345/649, 345/651, 345/659, 345/660, 345/672, 355/25, 355/82
• US Class Current: 382/289
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/608 by skew deformation, e.g. two-pass or three-pass rotation
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/3878 Skew detection or correction

Abstract

In a machine-fed scanner, orientation angles of edges of an image bearing substrate are obtained and used to calculate image shear and/or skew. A running weighted average of the image skew may be kept in a memory. When a skew value is obtained for a given image, it may be determined whether the skew value is within a predetermined range. If the skew value is within the predetermined range, the skew value is used to determine an image revision to compensate for the skew, and the skew value is incorporated into the running weighted average skew. If the skew value is not within the predetermined range, it is discarded and the running weighted average skew is used to determine an appropriate image skew revision. The running weighted average of the shear may also be kept in a memory. A shear value is obtained for each image, and incorporated into the running weighted average shear. Shear revision is performed based on the running weighted average shear. A determination may be made whether the shear value for a current image is within a predetermined range, and the running weighted average shear may be updated based on the shear value for the current image if the shear value for the current image is within the predetermined range.

Claims

1. A method of performing an affine transformation including at least one of a shear revision and a skew revision in an image processing system that processes an image, the method comprising:

obtaining at least one of an image shear value and an image skew value from a scanned image;

determining whether the at least one of the image shear value and the image skew value is within a predetermined range;

retrieving at least one of a weighted average shear value and a weighted average skew value from a memory device;

updating the at least one of the weighted average shear value and the weighted average skew value based on the at least one of the image shear value and the image skew value if the at least one of the image shear value and the image skew value is within a predetermined range; and

storing the updated at least one of the weighted average shear value and the weighted average skew value in the memory device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining includes both obtaining the image skew value and obtaining the image shear value.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of updating includes updating both the weighted average shear value and the weighted average skew value based on the image shear value and the image skew value, respectively, if both the image shear value and the image skew value are within respective predetermined ranges.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, when the step of obtaining includes obtaining the image skew value, the method further comprises:

automatically revising the image based on the image skew value if the image skew value is within the predetermined range; and

automatically revising the image based on the weighted average skew value if the image skew value is not within the predetermined range.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, when the step of obtaining includes obtaining the image shear value, the method further comprises:

automatically revising the image based on the weighted average shear value.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the step of obtaining includes both obtaining the image skew value and obtaining the image shear values;

wherein the step of obtaining the image skew value comprises obtaining orientation angles of a plurality of edges of an image bearing substrate with respect to an axis of the image processing systems; and

wherein the step of obtaining the image shear value comprises using at least some of the orientation angles that were obtained for obtaining the image skew value.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, when the step of obtaining includes obtaining the image shear value, the step of obtaining the image shear value comprises:

obtaining respective orientation angles of leading, trailing, right and left edges of an image bearing substrate with respect to an axis of the image processing system; and

determining the image shear value based on the respective orientation angles of the leading, trailing, right and left edges.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of determining the image shear value comprises determining an angle differential of the leading and/or trailing edges with the right and/or left edges.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the image processing system comprises a scanner and the method is performed in the scanner.

21. A computer-readable medium on which is recorded a computer program for implementing the method of claim 1.

10. A system that performs an affine transformation including at least one of a shear revision and a skew revision in an image processing system that processes an image, the system comprising:

a shear detection device that obtains an image shear value and determines whether the image shear value is within a predetermined range;

a skew detection device that obtains an image skew value and determines whether the image skew value is within a predetermined range; and

a controller that;

obtains at least one of a weighted average shear value and a weighted average skew value from a memory device;

updates the weighted average shear value based on the image shear value, if the image shear value is within a predetermined range and stores the updated weighted average shear value in the memory device; and

updates the weighted average skew value based on the image skew value, if the image skew value is within a predetermined range and stores the updated weighted average skew value in the memory device.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the controller obtains both the image skew value and the image shear value.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the controller updates both the weighted average shear value and the weighted average skew value based on the image shear value and the image skew value, respectively, if both the image shear value and the image skew value are within respective predetermined ranges.

13. The system of claim 10, further comprising:

an image revision device that automatically revises the image based on the image skew value if the image skew value is within the predetermined range and automatically revises the image based on the weighted average skew value if the image skew value is not within the predetermined range.

14. The system of claim 10, further comprising:

an image revision device that automatically revises the image based on the weighted average shear value.

15. The system of claim 10, wherein:

the skew detection device obtains the image skew value based on orientation angles of a plurality of edges of an image bearing substrate with respect to an axis of the image processing system; and

the shear detection device obtains the image shear value using at least some of the orientation angles.

16. The system of claim 10, wherein, in obtaining the image shear value, the shear detection device obtains respective orientation angles of leading, trailing, right and left edges of an image bearing substrate with respect to an axis of the image processing system and determines the image shear value based on the respective orientation angles of the leading, trailing, right and left edges.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein, in obtaining the image shear value, the shear detection device further:

determines an angle differential of the leading and/or trailing edges with the right and/or left edges.

18. A document processing device incorporating the system according to claim 10.

19. The document processing device of claim 18, wherein the document processing device is a scanner.

20. The document processing device of claim 18, wherein the document processing device is a digital photocopier.