Single polarization optical fiber laser and amplifier

• US 7,120,340 B2
• Filed: 10/30/2003
• Issued: 10/10/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 06/19/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Corning Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Corning Incorporated
• Inventors: Li, Ming-Jun, Nolan, Daniel A., Berkey, George E., Zenteno, Luis A., Walton, Donnell T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Font, Frank G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): LEPISTO, RYAN A
• Application Number:
  US10/696,928
• Publication Number:
  US 20040258377A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,076 Days
• Field of Search: 385/123
• US Class Current: 385/123
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 2201/34 doped with rare earth metals, i.e. with Sc, Y or lanthanides, e.g. for laser-amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 2203/14 Non-solid, i.e. hollow products, e.g. hollow clad or with core-clad interface
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 2203/30 Polarisation maintaining [PM], i.e. birefringent products, e.g. with elliptical core, by use of stress rods, "PANDA" type fibres
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 2205/08 Sub-atmospheric pressure applied, e.g. vacuum
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 2205/10 pressurised
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 37/01217 for making preforms of polarisation-maintaining optical fibres polarisation-maintaining optical fibres per se G02B6/105
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 37/01225 Means for changing or stabilising the shape, e.g. diameter, of tubes or rods in general, e.g. collapsing
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 37/02781 Hollow fibres, e.g. holey fibres
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/02 Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0281 Graded index region forming part of the central core segment, e.g. alpha profile, triangular, trapezoidal core G02B6/0288, G02B6/0286 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/03627 arranged - +
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/03655 arranged - + +
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/03694 Multiple layers differing in properties other than the refractive index, e.g. attenuation, diffusion, stress properties
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/105 having optical polarisation effects
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/067 Fibre lasers
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/06729 Peculiar transverse fibre profile
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/0675 Resonators including a grating structure, e.g. distributed Bragg reflectors [DBR] or distributed feedback [DFB] fibre lasers

Abstract

An optically active linear single polarization device includes a linearly birefringent and linearly dichroic optical waveguide (30) for propagating light and having single polarization wavelength range (48). A plurality of active dopants are disposed in a portion (34) of the linearly birefringent and linearly dichroic optical waveguide (30) for providing operation of the waveguide in an operating wavelength range (650) for overlapping the single polarization wavelength range (48).

Claims

1. An optically active linear single polarization device, comprising:

a linearly birefringent and linearly dichroic optical waveguide for propagating light and having a single polarization wavelength range; and

a plurality of active dopants disposed in a portion of the linearly birefringent and linearly dichroic optical waveguide for providing operation of the waveguide in an operating wavelength range for overlapping the single polarization wavelength range, wherein the waveguide comprises a polarization maintaining (PM) fiber having optical fiber polarization components along a first linear polarization characteristic mode and along a second linear polarization characteristic mode with a sufficient differential polarization dependent loss (PDL) between the first and second modes accumulated over a sufficiently long waveguide length such that the first polarization mode has a first attenuation of at least 3dB at a first cut-off wavelength and the second polarization has a second attenuation of at least 3dB at a second cut-off wavelength to provide the single polarization wavelength range having a single polarization center wavelength between the first and second cut-off wavelengths and the first cut-off wavelength is less than the second cut-off wavelength, wherein the single polarization center wavelength is sufficiently close to a center operating wavelength of the operating wavelength range.

2. The single polarization device of claim 1 further comprising a pump signal coupled to the waveguide for exciting the plurality of active dopants, the plurality of active dopants for providing a gain medium for the waveguide for emitting an output light in the operating wavelength range.

3. The single polarization device of claim 2 wherein the output light emitted from the gain medium is broadband light selectively filtered by a predetermined narrowband wavelength range of a wavelength selective filter for providing feedback over the predetermined narrowband wavelength range, wherein the predetermined narrowband wavelength range is included within the single polarization wavelength range.

4. The single polarization device of claim 3 wherein the wavelength selective filter comprises a fiber Bragg grating.

5. The single polarization device of claim 1 wherein the optical fiber comprises:

an optically active doped central core having a maximum dimension (A) greater than a minimum dimension (B) and a substantially elliptical shape, the fiber having at least one air hole positioned each opposite side of the central core wherein the optical fiber supports a single polarization mode within the operating wavelength range.

6. The single polarization device of claim 5 wherein the sufficiently long waveguide length is in a range about 5 centimeters to 1 meter and the sufficient differential polarization dependent loss (PDL) is greater than 3dB across the single polarization wavelength range.

7. The single polarization device of claim 1 wherein the linearly birefringent and linearly dichroic optical waveguide comprises a highly birefringent fiber having birefringence greater than 10⁻

6.

8. The single polarization device of claim 1 wherein the linearly birefringent and linearly dichroic optical waveguide comprises a gain doped elliptical core fiber spliced to an undoped single polarization fiber.

9. A system including the single polarization device of claim 1 wherein providing operation of the waveguide comprises providing gain.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the optical component comprises a laser diode for optically coupling to the single polarization device to form a pump source.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the optical component comprises an Erbium Doped Fiber for optically coupling to the pump source to form an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA).

12. The system of claim 9, wherein the optical component comprises a laser diode for optically coupling to the single polarization device to form an amplifier.

13. The single polarization device of claim 1 wherein the linearly birefringent and linearly dichroic optical waveguide comprises a single-clad fiber having a core for dispersal of the plurality of active dopants and an asymmetric depressed cladding surrounding the core.

14. The single polarization device of claim 1 wherein the linearly birefringent and linearly dichroic optical waveguide comprises a double-clad fiber having a elliptical core for dispersal of the plurality of active dopants, a pair of apertures disposed about the core, an inner cladding surrounding the core, and an outer cladding surrounding the inner cladding.

15. The single polarization device of claim 14 wherein the single polarization device comprises a double-clad fiber laser.

16. The single polarization device of claim 14 wherein the single polarization device comprises a double-clad fiber amplifier.

17. A linear single-polarization double-clad fiber laser, comprising:

a pump source for providing a pump light;

a double-clad linearly birefringent and linearly dichroic fiber for propagating light and having a single polarization wavelength range, the fiber having a first end for receiving the pump light and a second end for outputting a laser signal, the fiber including

a core for supporting close to a single-mode transmission of the laser signal, the core doped with a plurality of optically excitable dopants having a transition requiring an inversion at a desired signal wavelength of the laser signal;

a grating disposed on the fiber for providing feedback over a predetermined narrowband wavelength range within the single polarization wavelength range wherein the fiber supports only a single polarization mode;

an inner cladding disposed adjacent to the core for receiving the pump light; and

an outer cladding disposed adjacent to the inner cladding having an index of refraction less than the inner cladding for confining the pump light,

wherein the core has an elliptical shape to provide a large modal area having a core index delta to provide a numerical aperture of about 0.06 to 0.08.