Optical control element
First Claim
1. An optical control element formed from a photonic crystal, said optical control element comprising:
- a first portion in the photonic crystal that has a first refraction index;
a second portion in the photonic crystal that has a second refraction index lower than the first refraction index;
a refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide wherein a difference between an effective refraction index of the first portion and an effective refraction index of the second portion changes continuously along a wave guiding direction of the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide; and
a thin film having a thickness changing along the wave guiding direction.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An optical control element is disclosed that can be made small and has a low loss, and is able to provide group speed control and wavelength dispersion of short light pulses. The optical control element is formed from a photonic crystal, and includes a first portion having a first refraction index in the photonic crystal, a second portion having a second refraction index lower than the first refraction index, and a refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide. A difference effective refraction indexes between the first portion and the second portion near the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide, changing continuously or stepwise along a wave guiding direction of the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide.
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Citations
26 Claims
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1. An optical control element formed from a photonic crystal, said optical control element comprising:
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a first portion in the photonic crystal that has a first refraction index; a second portion in the photonic crystal that has a second refraction index lower than the first refraction index; a refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide wherein a difference between an effective refraction index of the first portion and an effective refraction index of the second portion changes continuously along a wave guiding direction of the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide; and a thin film having a thickness changing along the wave guiding direction.
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2. An optical control element formed from a photonic crystal, said optical control element comprising:
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a first portion in the photonic crystal that has a first refraction index; a second portion in the photonic crystal that has a second refraction index lower than the first refraction index; and a refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide wherein a difference between an effective refraction index of the first portion and an effective refraction index of the second portion changes continuously along a wave guiding direction of the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide, wherein a lattice arrangement of the photonic crystal near the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide is distorted, and the distortion changes along the wave guiding direction of the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4)
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5. An optical control element formed from a photonic crystal, said optical control element comprising:
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a first portion in the photonic crystal that has a first refraction index; a second portion in the photonic crystal that has a second refraction index lower than the first refraction index; a refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide wherein a difference between an effective refraction index of the first portion and an effective refraction index of the second portion changes continuously along a wave guiding direction of the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide; and a photonic crystal defect structure near the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide and able to be connected to the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide, wherein the photonic crystal connection defect structure comprises a connection defect wave guide formed from a defect wave guide, and the connection defect wave guide is a second refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide different from said refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. An optical control element formed from a photonic crystal, said optical control element comprising:
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a first portion in the photonic crystal that has a first refraction index of a base material of the first portion; a second portion forming a hole structure in the photonic crystal that has a second refraction index lower than the first refraction index; and a refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide, wherein a difference between the first refraction index of the first portion and the second refraction index of the second portion changes continuously along a wave guiding direction of the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide and the first portion has a refraction-index distribution changing continuously, by a variation in the material properties of the base material of the first portion, from a relatively high refraction index to a relatively low refraction index in the same material of the first portion.
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12. An optical control element formed from a photonic crystal, said optical control element comprising:
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a first portion in the photonic crystal that has a first refraction index of a base material of the first portion; a second portion forming a hole structure in the photonic crystal that has a second refraction index lower than the first refraction index; and a refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide, wherein a difference between an effective refraction index of the first portion and an effective refraction index of the second portion changes continuously along a wave guiding direction of the refraction-index-distributed type defect wave guide, and the first portion has a refraction-index distribution changing continuously, by a variation in the material properties of the base material of the first portion, from a relatively high refraction index to a relatively low refraction index in the same base material of the first portion. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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Specification