Systems and methods that employ a balanced duplexer

• US 7,123,883 B2
• Filed: 09/26/2003
• Issued: 10/17/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 09/26/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nokia Corporation
• Original Assignee: Nokia Corporation
• Inventors: Mages, Phil
• Primary Examiner(s): Maung, Nay
• Assistant Examiner(s): HUANG, WEN WU
• Application Number:
  US10/672,128
• Publication Number:
  US 20050070232A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,117 Days
• Field of Search: 455/80, 455/78, 455/81, 455/326, 455/126, 455/217
• US Class Current: 455/78
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/48 in circuits for connecting transmitter and receiver to a common transmission path, e.g. by energy of transmitter H04B1/46 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/52 Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa

Abstract

The present invention relates to systems and methods that employ a novel balanced duplexer that can be utilized to facilitate concurrent signal transmission and reception. The systems and methods can be employed within mobile devices such as cell phones and utilize two-filters (e.g., acoustic) with substantially similar input/output impedances interfaced with two couplers (e.g., 3 dB hybrid), which provide isolation and maintain the duplexer'"'"'s input/output impedance. The couplers interface the filters to front/back ends such as signal processors, transmitters and receivers. The novel aspects of the present invention mitigate the need to employ external directional couplers between the duplexer and front/back ends. In addition, the two-filter topology enables employment of lower powered rated filters. The systems and methods further provide for separation and isolation of transmitters and receivers, which reduces noise coupling and enables the transmitter and receiver to be placed within close proximity.

Claims

1. A balanced duplexer, comprising:

a first filter comprising one of a bulk acoustic wave BAW filter and a surface acoustic wave SAW filter;

a second filter comprising the other one of a bulk acoustic wave BAW filter and a surface acoustic wave SAW filter, the first and second filters having a substantially similar input and output impedance;

a first coupler that interfaces the first and second filters to a processing unit of a device and the first coupler interfaces a first termination; and

a second coupler that interfaces the first and second filters to each of an antenna, a detector and a second termination, wherein the balanced duplexer is employed to facilitate transmitting and receiving signals, each signal having a respective signal power, through the first and second filters.

2. The balanced duplexer of claim 1, the first and second filters are employed such that a portion of signal power is directed through one of the filters and the remaining signal power is directed through the other filter.

3. The balanced duplexer of claim 2, the portion of signal power directed to respective filters is determined by a power ratio.

4. The balanced duplexer of claim 2, the portion of signal power directed through respective filters is about one half the total power.

5. The balanced duplexer of claim 2, the first and second filters configured such that if one filter becomes inoperable, the other filter can be utilized to process the full signal power.

6. The balanced duplexer of claim 1, the balanced duplexer buffers an input and an output stage.

7. The balanced duplexer of claim 1, the first and second couplers being 3 dB hybrid couplers comprising one of a Lange coupler and a discrete coupler.

8. The balanced duplexer of claim 7, the Lange coupler providing isolation between the first and second filters and the processing unit and the first and second filters and the antenna and the detector.

9. The balanced duplexer of claim 1, the first and second terminations is about 50Ω

.

10. The balanced duplexer of claim 1 employed within at least one of a mobile phone, a web phone, a personal data assistant (PDA), a hand-held PC, a pocket PC, a palm-pilot, a laptop, a tablet PC, a Notepad, a GPS, a pager, a personal computer, a mainframe, and a workstation.

11. The balanced duplexer of claim 1, the first and second couplers divert reflected power into the first and second terminations, respectively.

12. The balanced duplexer of claim 1, the first and second couplers reduce reflected energy by combining reflected energy that is 180 degrees out of phase.

13. The balanced duplexer of claim 1, the first and second filters employed in the reception of a signal to improve LNA and antenna matching.