Method and instrument for electronically recording and imaging fluid washover via measuring characteristics of the fluid at multiple locations simultaneously

• US 7,130,780 B2
• Filed: 12/13/2002
• Issued: 10/31/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 12/13/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: United States Secretary of the Army
• Original Assignee: The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army
• Inventors: Clark, James H., Yankielun, Norbert E.
• Primary Examiner(s): JONES, HUGH M
• Application Number:
  US10/318,297
• Publication Number:
  US 20030117154A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,418 Days
• Field of Search: 703/6, 703/9, 324/691, 324/722
• US Class Current: 703/6
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/02 by investigating impedance
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/023 where the material is placed in the field of a coil
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/06 of a liquid involving electrolysis G01N27/26
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/22 by investigating capacitance

Abstract

An array of electrically isolated electrode pairs in combination with a specially configured processor, e.g., a personal computer, is employed to obtain a continuous real-time acquisition, processing, mapping and visualization of fluid washover. In a specific application, washover data are collected on salient electrical characteristics of seawater accumulating between electrodes of an electrode pair, one of which may be a common ground plane. For example, the resistance of seawater is measured dynamically at each electrode pair. These data are then processed using specialized software to yield representation of the dynamics of selected washover events on a surface of interest. Described systems specifically provide real-time spatial and temporal representations of interaction, including two and three-dimensional visualization of the washover, as well as recording selected data for future use. Methods of employment of the system are also described.

Claims

1. A system for detecting, measuring and recording fluid washover of an object at multiple locations simultaneously, to include displaying a representation of said fluid washover in real time, comprising:

an array of electrically-isolated electrode pairs affixed to be conformal with at least one side of an external surface of said object,

wherein an electric potential is maintained between the electrodes of each said electrode pair during operation of said system, and

wherein said configuration of said array is chosen to provide a pre-specified level of detail of said washover;

at least one electrical connection in operable communication with each said electrode of said electrode pairs; and

a data collection, processing, recording and display sub-system in operable communication with said at least one electrical connection,

wherein said data collection, processing, recording and display sub-system collects data representing the time of sampling, the location of said sampling, and said sampling of at least one electrical characteristic of any fluid accumulating between said electrode pairs, processing said data for real time display as well as recording selected said data for future use.

2. The system of claim 1 in which said at least one electrical characteristic is selected from the group consisting of:

resistance, complex impedance, inductance, and capacitance.

3. The system of claim 1 in which one said electrode in each said pair is electrically activated and the other said electrode is held at an electrical potential common to all like said electrodes in said array of electrode pairs.

4. The system of claim 3 in which said electrode held at an electrical potential common to all like said electrodes is incorporated as a single ground plane common to all electrode pairs,

wherein each electrode pair comprises said common ground plane and said electrically activated electrode.

5. The system of claim 1 in which said array comprises at least one conformable printed circuit that is removably affixed to said external surface.

6. The system of claim 1 in which said array is flush-mounted to the external side of said extemal surface.

7. The system of claim 6 in which said electrodes are any of various types of machine screws inserted in counter-bored holes in said external surface.

8. The system of claim 1 in which said electrode pairs are capacitive devices affixed to the internal side of said external surface.

9. The system of claim 1 in which said electrode pairs are capacitive devices covered with a thin coating of a dielectric.

10. The system of claim 9 in which said dielectric is a polyurethane.

11. The system of claim 1 in which said at least one electrical connection is a wire incorporating an electrically insulating cover,

wherein each said wire is bundled with like said wires to facilitate a durable connection to said sub-assembly.

12. The system of claim 11 in which said wire is shielded coax.

13. The system of claim 11 in which said at least one electrical connection provided to each said active electrode also comprises at least one pull-up resistor.

14. The system of claim 1 in which said data collection, processing, recording and display sub-system comprises:

at least one multi-channel multiplexed data acquisition printed circuit board incorporating at least one analog-to-digital converter;

at least one personal computer, incorporating a display, in operable communication with said at least one multi-channel multiplexed data acquisition printed circuit board; and

software loadable on said at least one personal computer for processing said data.

15. The system of claim 1 in which said fluid is a liquid and said object floats in said liquid such that at least part of said object is not in communication with said liquid when said liquid is not acted on by forces external thereto.

16. The system of claim 15 in which said liquid is seawater and said object is a towed body.

17. A method for detecting, measuring and recording fluid washover of an object at multiple locations simultaneously, to include displaying a representation of said fluid washover in real time, comprising:

providing an array of electrically-isolated electrode pairs affixed to be conformal with at least one external surface of said object,

maintaining an electric potential between the electrodes of each said electrode pair, and

collecting as data samples of at least one electrical characteristic of said fluid together with the time and location of each said collected samples, said fluid accumulating that accumulates between each electrode pair during selected events of said washover;

processing said collected data;

recording selected said processed data; and

displaying selected said processed data,

wherein said data collecting, processing, recording and displaying of said at least one electrical characteristic as correlated to a location and time enables visualization of said washover in a real time display as well as the recording thereof for future use.

18. The method of claim 17 selecting said at least one electrical characteristic from the group consisting of:

resistance, complex impedance, inductance, and capacitance.

19. The method of claim 17 electrically activating one said electrode in each said pair and holding the other said electrode at an electrical potential common to all like said electrodes in said array of electrode pairs.

20. The method of claim 19 incorporating said electrode held at an electrical potential common to all like said electrodes as a single ground plane common to all electrode pairs,

wherein each electrode pair comprises said common ground plane and said electrically activated electrode.

21. The method of claim 17 said fluid comprising a liquid and said object floating in said liquid such that at least part of said object is not in communication with said liquid when said liquid is not acted on by forces external thereto.

22. The method of claim 21 said liquid comprising seawater and said object being a towed body.

23. The method of claim 17 said array comprising at least one conformable printed circuit that is removably affixed to said external surface.

24. A simulator for detecting, measuring and recording fluid washover of an object at multiple locations simultaneously, to include displaying a representation of said fluid washover in real time, comprising:

a model of said object;

an array of electrically-isolated electrode pairs affixed to be conformal with at least one external surface of said mode,

wherein an electric potential is maintained between the electrodes of said electrode pair during operation of said simulator, and

wherein said configuration of said array is chosen to provide a pre-specified level of detail of said washover;

at least one electrical connection in operable comniunication with each said electrode of said electrode pairs; and

a data collection, processing, recording and display sub-system in operable communication with said at least one electrical connections,

wherein said data collection, processing, recording and display sub-system collects data representing the sampling of at least one electrical characteristic of any fluid accumulating between said electrode pairs and the time and location of said sampling, processes said data for real time display and records selected said data for future use.

25. A system for detecting, measuring and recording interaction of an object with its environment at multiple locations simultaneously, to include displaying a representation of said interaction in real time, comprising:

an array of electrically isolated electrode pairs affixed to be conformal with at least one external surface of said object,

wherein an electric potential is maintained between the electrodes of each said electrode pair during operation of said system, and

wherein said configuration of said array is chosen to provide a pre-specified level of detail of said interaction;

at least one electrical connection in operable communication with each said electrode of said electrode pairs; and

a data collection, processing, recording and display sub-system in operable communication with said at least one electrical connections,

wherein said data collection, processing, recording and display sub-system collects data representing the sampling of at least one electrical characteristic of any material accumulating between said electrode pairs and the time and location of said sampling, processes said data for real time display and records selected said data for future use.

26. The system of claim 25 in which said at least one electrical characteristic is selected from the group consisting of:

resistance, complex impedance, inductance, and capacitance.

27. The system of claim 25 in which one said electrode in each said pair is electrically activated and the other said electrode is held at an electrical potential common to all like said electrodes in said array of electrode pairs.

28. The system of claim 27 in which said electrode held at an electrical potential common to all like said electrodes is incorporated as a single ground plane common to all electrode pairs,

wherein each electrode pair comprises said common ground plane and said electrically activated electrode.

29. The system of claim 25 in which said array is flush-mounted to the external side of said external surface.

30. The system of claim 29 in which said electrodes are any of various types of machine screws inserted in counter-bored holes in said external surface.

31. The system of claim 30 in which said array comprises at least one conformable printed circuit that is removably affixed to said external surface.

32. The system of claim 25 in which said electrode pairs are capacitive devices affixed to the internal side of said external surface.

33. The system of claim 25 in which said electrode pairs are capacitive devices covered with a thin coating of a dielectric.

34. The system of claim 33 in which said dielectric is a polyurethane.

35. The system of claim 25 in which said at least one electrical connection is a wire incorporating an electrically insulating cover,

wherein each said wire is bundled with like said wires to facilitate a durable connection to said sub-assembly.

36. The system of claim 35 in which said wire is shielded coax.

37. The system of claim 35 in which said at least one electrical connection provided to each said active electrode also comprises at least one pull-up resistor.

38. The system of claim 25 in which said data collection, processing, recording and display sub-system comprises:

at least one multi-channel multiplexed data acquisition printed circuit board incorporating at least one analog-to-digital converter;

at least one personal computer, incorporating a display, in operable communication with said at least one multi-channel multiplexed data acquisition printed circuit board; and

software loadable on said at least one personal computer for processing said data.

39. A method for detecting, measuring and recording interaction of an object with its environment at multiple locations simultaneously, to include displaying a representation of said interaction in real time, comprising:

providing an array of electrically isolated electrode pairs affixed to be conformal with at least one external surface of said object;

maintaining an electric potential between the electrodes of each said electrode pair;

collecting as data sampling of at least one electrical characteristic of material that accumulates between each electrode pair during selected events of said washover and the time and location of said sampling;

processing said collected data,

recording selected said processed data, and

displaying selected said processed data,

wherein said data collecting, processing, recording and displaying of said at least one electrical characteristic as correlated to time and location enables visualization of said interaction in a real time display as well as the recording thereof for future use.

40. The method of claim 39 selecting said at least one electrical characteristic from the group consisting of:

resistance, complex impedance, inductance, and capacitance.

41. The method of claim 39 electrically activating one said electrode in each said pair and holding the other said electrode at an electrical potential common to all like said electrodes in said array of electrode pairs.

42. The method of claim 39 incorporating said electrode held at an electrical potential common to all like said electrodes as a single ground plane common to all electrode pairs,

wherein each electrode pair comprises said common ground plane and said electrically activated electrode.

43. The method of claim 39 said array comprising at least one conformable printed circuit that is removably affixed to said external surface.

44. A simulator for detecting, measuring and recording interaction of an object with its environment at multiple locations simultaneously, to include displaying a representation of said interaction in real time, comprising:

a model of said object;

an array of electrically isolated electrode pairs affixed to be conformal with at least one external surface of said model,

wherein an electric potential is maintained between the electrodes of said electrode pair during operation of said simulator, and

wherein said configuration of said array is chosen to provide a pre-specified level of detail of said interaction;

at least one electrical connection in operable communication with each said electrode of said electrode pairs; and

a data collection, processing, recording and display sub-system in operable communication with said at least one electrical connections,

wherein said data collection, processing, recording and display sub-system collects data represents the sampling of at least one electrical characteristic of any material accumulating between said electrode pairs and the time and location of said sampling, processes said data for real time display and records selected said data for future use.